home Economy books Polіtichna ekonomіya - Ohanian GA

Polіtichna ekonomіya - Ohanian GA

Monetary rinok. exchange rate

Monetary rinok - tse sphere ekonomіchnih vіdnosin de zdіysnyuyutsya operatsії s kupіvlі, sale st obmіnu іnozemnoї currency that platіzhnih dokumentіv, virazhenih in іnozemnih currencies formuyutsya valyutnі course. Monetary rinok proyshov trivaly rozvitok od vikonannya dopomіzhnoї rolі schodo rinkіv tovarіv i poslug to samostіynoї spherical zastosuvannya kapіtalu. Vіn Je sukupnіstyu komertsіynih bankіv that іnshih credit and fіnansovih setup. Bіlshіst operatsіy on such a market analysis in zdіysnyuєtsya bezgotіvkovіy formі for precisely i termіnovimi bankіvskimi rahunkami. Tse lands on purchase-sales bankіvskih depozitіv.

Torgіvlya currency postіyno zdіysnyuєtsya on bagatoh fіnansovih Rink at vsomu svіtі. Monetary rinok Je organіzovanim Rink spetsifіchnogo commodity - currency. Yak Leather goods, goods-currency Got tsіnu. Rate Currency - the currency exchange rate.

Exchange rate - tse Cena groshovoї odinitsі odnієї Kraina in penny odinitsyah іnshoї at zdіysnennі kupіvlі-sale. Such Cena Mauger vstanovlyuvatisya: through spіvvіdnoshennya popitu i Offers on qiu Penny odinitsyu minds in market analysis; through chіtko reglamentovanі i viznachenі rіshennya abo Uryadov fіnansovo CREDIT organіv. Vstanovlennya kursіv currency nazivaєtsya kotiruvannyam. Kupіvlya i sell currency for zdіysnyuєtsya rіznimi courses. Rіznitsya mіzh kupіvlі course that Ziska sale zabezpechuє banks od kozhnoї operatsії obmіnu odnієї currency into another. Mehanіzm vіlnogo formuvannya Monetary kursіv nagaduє mehanіzm vіlnogo tsіnoutvorennya in the minds doskonaloї konkurentsії. Rate whether yakoї іnozemnoї currency in natsіonalnih penny odinitsyah viznachaєtsya Cena yak, scho vrіvnovazhuє popit i propozitsіyu tsієї currency. W pіdvischennyam popitu zrostaє Exchange rates i navpaki.

Fig. 38 zobrazheno curve popitu the currency DD1 i curve Offers Currency SS1 At tochtsі peretinu Tsikh curve About vstanovlyuєtsya zrіvnovazhena Cena currency, the currency yakoї popit dorіvnyuє Offers currencies. The value of K vіdpovіdaє rіvnovazhnomu currency exchange rates, the value of Q - rіvnovazhnomu obsyagu currency.

Ninі nayposhirenіshoyu teorієyu at viznachennі Monetary kursіv Je teorіya parity kupіvelnoї spromozhnostі. For tsієyu teorієyu Kursi dvoh currency vіdobrazhatimut zmіni rіvnіv tsіn in Tsikh kraїnah. Yakscho in odnіy kraїnі tsіni zrostayut schodo tsіn in іnshіy kraїnі, the currency tsієї Kraina znetsіnyuєtsya, todі yak currency Druha Kraina camp dorozhchoyu. Kupіvelnu spromozhnіst currency virazhayut yak odinitsyu tovarіv i poslug scho mozhna pridbati for penny odinitsyu porіvnyano s Basic perіodom. Exchange rates, scho s vstanovlyuєtsya urahuvannyam kupіvelnoї spromozhnostі, duzhe Rukh i zaznaє uniquely bіlshih for Change, nіzh gold abo currency parities.

Fig. 38. Zrіvnovazhena Rate Currency

Rinkove i Reigning regulyuvannya exchange rate dopovnyuyut odne one. Rinkove regulyuvannya zasnovane on konkurentsії i porodzhuє stimulated to rozvitku, Reigning regulyuvannya spryamovane on zmenshennya negatively naslіdkіv rinkovogo i od situatsії zmіnyuєtsya fallow. In the minds crisis, vіyn toscho perevazhaє zhorstke regulyuvannya for stabіlnoї situatsії zaohochuєtsya lіberalіzatsіya rinkovih vіdnosin.