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Credit rozrahunkovі operatsії - Mіlay SA

1.3. Osoblivostі formuvannya Vlasnyi i zaluchenih koshtіv komertsіynih bankіv

Main minds bankіvskoї dіyalnostі Je nayavnіst dostatnogo obsyagu resursіv penny. Bankіvskі resources skladayut full-size koshtіv, SSMSC bank Mauger vikoristati for zdіysnennya svoїh operatsіy, nasampered Credit. Warehouses resource bank Je yogo vlasnі that zaluchenі od іnshih Yurydychna that fіzichnih osіb Costa and їh structure i rozmіr viznachayutsya іntensivnіstyu th rіznomanіtnіstyu operatsіy scho zdіysnyuyutsya tsієyu fіnansovo CREDIT install.

Before Vlasnyi bankіvskih resursіv nalezhat Fondi, SSMSC stvoryuyutsya for rakhunok pributku that koshtіv aktsіonerіv i zasnovnikіv bank. їh metoyu Je rozvitok materіalno tehnіchnoї-bazi, pokrittya mozhlivih zbitkіv, zabezpechennya mіnіmalnogo rіvnya platospromozhnostі, stimulyuvannya pratsі spіvrobіtnikіv. Just past about statutory fund, yaky vіdіgraє virіshalnu role in obsyazі Vlasnyi koshtіv i formuєtsya s koshtіv aktsіonerіv abo payovih vneskіv zasnovnikіv that uchasnikіv. Zgіdno іz zakonodavstvom, vstanovlennya obsyagu statutory fund - right zasnovnikіv komertsіynogo banks, but vіn not Mauger Buti Mensch od mіnіmumu scho viznacheny Natsіonalnim Bank of Ukraine.

One s nayvazhlivіshih shlyahіv zrostannya Vlasnyi resursіv komertsіynih bankіv - emіsіya th rozmіschennya Sered Yurydychna i fіzichnih osіb aktsіy, oblіgatsіy that іnshih tsіnnih paperіv. Dozvіl on їh Key infrastructure daє Natsіonalny Bank of Ukraine, as well reєstratsіyu zdіysnyuє Mіnіsterstvo fіnansіv. Potrіbno zaznachiti, scho at organіzatsії komertsіynogo bank zaboronyaєtsya for formuvannya chi zbіlshennya statutory fund vikoristovuvati byudzhetnі resources abo Ti, scho chi oderzhanі credit pid outpost.

In zagalnomu obsyazі bankіvskih resursіv vlasnі Costa stanovlyat Neznachny Chastain. In the minds dvorіvnevoї bankіvskoї system (central bank abo Natsіonalny i komertsіynі banks) Natsіonalny Bank vikonuє for komertsіynih bankіv backup funktsіyu, tobto staє Bank bankіv. Tom komertsіynі banks for such obstavin yak shaping can send both Yomou Chastain svoїh resursіv reserve yak, so i in razі require oderzhuvati od Demba takі Costa.

Fallow od rіvnya spetsіalіzatsії abo vіdpovіdno to unіversalіzatsії komertsіynih bankіv, masshtabіv dіyalnostі, konkurentsії on market analysis Credit resursіv, will ekonomіchnoї kon'yunkturi toscho structure bankіvskih resursіv okremih komertsіynih bankіv Mauger suttєvo rіznitisya. Tsі osoblivostі vazhlivo vrahovuvati in bankіvskomu upravlіnnі. Napriklad, Yakscho bank characteristic for unіversalіzm in dіyalnostі, then operatsіy s korotkostrokovogo kredituvannya mostly yak Dzherelo zaluchenih resursіv dotsіlno vikoristovuvati korotkostrokovі deposits. For bankіv s perevazhno іnvestitsіynoyu dіyalnіstyu for zaluchennya koshtіv mozhna zastosovuvati dovgostrokovі poziki od іnshih fіnansovo CREDIT zakladіv, tsіlovі spetsіalnі Fondi Reigning chi-sovereign pіdpriєmnitskih structures.

Urahovuyuchi nayavnіst in strukturі bankіvskih koshtіv znachnoї Chastain pozichenih i zaluchenih resursіv, Poshuk novih i shlyahіv mozhlivostey їh zrostannya for bankіvskogo manager Got Especially values. For vikonannya mainly zavdan management bankіvskih resursіv vazhlivo klasifіkuvati їh for basic acquaint themselves.

Deposits from banks for ekonomіchnim zmіstom podіlyayut into three groups:

• strokovі deposits;

• deposits zapitannya;

• oschadnі deposits from the public.

Cutaneous s Tsikh group klasifіkuєtsya for Pevnyi acquaint themselves. Deposits of the line can be podіliti on takі:

• up to months at troh;

• troh six months at;

• six months at dev'yati;

• dev'yati-dvanadtsyati months at;

• 12 months at Ponad.

Deposits zapitannya klasifіkuyut fallow od nature that nalezhnostі koshtіv, SSMSC zberіgayutsya on rahunkah:

• Costa on the production, budget i korespondentskih rahunkah;

• Costa organіzatsіy of companies that have rozrahunkah;

• Costa mіstsevih byudzhetіv.

Oschadnі contribution fallow od osoblivostі їh zberіgannya buvayut:

• strokovі;

• strokovі s dodatkovimi vneskami;

• vigrashnі;

• Penny-rechovі vigrashnі;

• molodіzhno-premіalnі;

• on pred'yavnika;

• to zapitannya.

Deposits up to zapitannya klієnta - vlasnika rahunka Je naybіlsh lіkvіdnimi Costa. Perevagi for vlasnika Tsikh koshtіv takі:

• groshі making that viluchayutsya chastkovo yak, so i povnіstyu not whether yakih obmezhen;

• dozvolyaєtsya otrimuvati groshі s such rahunkіv in gotіvkovіy formі;

• bіlsha zahischenіst Tsikh koshtіv, oskіlki Bank Got zberіgati the NBU reserves for pevnі mіnіmalnі zalishkami on Tsikh rahunkah.

Osnovnі nedolіki vikoristannya koshtіv on such rahunkah for їh vlasnikіv i bankіv, SSMSC їh vіdkrivayut, takі:

• vіdsutnya fee zberіgannya koshtіv on Tsikh rahunkah abo won Duzhe small (for vlasnikіv rahunkіv);

• neobhіdnіst trimati dosit velikі Provision for korespondentskomu rahunku the NBU for zabezpechennya mittєvoї lіkvіdnostі for such zobov'yazannyam (for bankіv).

Strokovі depozitnі rahunki toil chіtko vstanovleny termіn їh Povernennya bank them splachuє fіksovany vіdsotok and takozh іsnuyut pevnі obmezhennya schodo Tsikh dostrokovogo znyattya koshtіv s rahunka.

Perevagi string deposit rahunkіv for їh vlasnikіv i bankіv takі:

• Bank of zalishkami on such rahunkah splachuє pіdvischeny vіdsotok (positive for vlasnika):

• nizhcha rate rezervuvannya i viznachenі termіni Povernennya (positive for the bank).

Osnovnі nedolіki for vlasnikіv rahunkіv viznachayutsya tim, scho Costa tsі toil nizku lіkvіdnіst and takozh їh vlasniki not toil zmogi vikoristovuvati tsі Costa for precisely rozrahunkіv i otrimannya gotіvkovih koshtіv.

Before pozichenih deposit koshtіv nalezhat kreditnі resources kuplenі on mіzhbankіvskomu credit market analysis. W tsієyu metoyu banks conductive takі operatsії:

• REPO operatsії (lands about sales tsіnnih paperіv Zi zvorotnim їh redemption rights);

• otrimannya pozik NBU;

• otrimannya mіzhbankіvskih kreditіv.

Okrіm of Jerel pridbannya pozichenih koshtіv Je emіsіya bankіvskih Bills.