home Finance Groshі that credit - Savluk M.І.

Groshі that credit - Savluk M.І.

12.7. BANKІVSKІ Hotel

Krіm traditsіynih, pritamannih Sotho operatsіy banks, the stench of order on vikonuyut svoїh klієntіv netraditsіynі operatsії i Hotel. Tse Robit їh zmushuє konkurentsіya, yak іsnuє penny on market analysis and takozh vseredinі bankіvskoї system.

Bankіvskі Hotel - Tse Ti dії bankіvskih SET on klієntіv of order, SSMSC not pov'yazanі іz zaluchennyam dodatkovih resursіv. Primary payment method bankіvskih poslug Je komіsії. Banks nadayut klієntam rіznomanіtnі Hotel, їh ob'єdnuyut in pevnі groupies for vіdpovіdnimi Find our i kriterіyami. Naybіlsh poshirenoyu Je klasifіkatsіya bankіvskih poslug in yakіy vidіlyayut takі groupies Services: lіtsenzovanі, nelіtsenzovanі, chistі, surogatnі, komіsіynі, gonorarnі, spredovі, balansovі, pozabalansovі toscho.

Before lіtsenzovanih bankіvskih poslug nalezhat takі, nadannya yakih potrebuє lіtsenzії Natsіonalnogo Bank of Ukraine. Tse zokrema: kasove obslugovuvannya klієntіv; іnkasatsіya that transported penny tsіnnostey; Keeping rahunkіv klієntіv in natsіonalnіy that іnozemnіy valyutі; zaluchennya depozitіv Yurydychna i fіzichnih

osіb; vidacha garantіy i sureties; Costa upravlіnnya penny for that tsіnnimi Paper the doruchennyam klієntіv toscho.

Clean nazivayutsya Hotel, scho not carry whether yakogo riziku for aktivіv bank krіm riziku operatsіynih pomilok. Napriklad, zdіysnennya rozrahunkіv for vlasnі Costa klієntіv, іnkasovі Hotel, іnkasatsіya gotіvki, kasove obslugovuvannya that іn. Surrogate nazivayutsya Hotel, kіntsevy result od zdіysnennya yakih Mauger vplinuti on assets of banks, Hoch at the time of such nadannya Hotel vplivu not vіdbuvaєtsya. Napriklad, garantії, pіdtverdzhenі letter of credit, nepokritі checks, surety i acceptance Bills toscho.

Before komіsіynih nalezhat Hotel for nadannya yakih Bank styaguє s klієnta fee at viglyadі komіsії, and he did not splachuє nіyakih komіsіy at їh nadannі. Tse zberezhennya tsіnnostey in Vlasnyi depozitarії, keeping reєstrіv vlasnikіv tsіnnih paperіv, rozmіschennya tsіnnih paperіv, emіtovanih klієntami for їh doruchennyam toscho.

Honorarium nazivayutsya Hotel for nadannya yakih Bank otrimuє od klієntіv obumovlenu advance fee. Tse lіzing, trastovі, konsultatsіynі that deyakі INSHI Hotel.

Before spredovih vіdnosyat Hotel, chistі revenues od yakih formuyutsya yak rіznitsya mіzh komіsієyu, otrimanoyu od klієnta, that komіsієyu, splachenoyu at organіzatsії danoї Hotel. Butt takoї Hotel Je vidacha klієntam gotіvki for rakhunok kuplenoї in іnshih bankіv abo in ustanovі NBU. Spread vinikaє deprivation todі, if the bank vikoristovuє storonnіh (tretіh) osіb at nadannі poslug klієntam.

Before carrying nalezhat Hotel, scho oblіkovuyutsya the carrying rahunkah (kreditnі, іnvestitsіynі, valyutnі operatsії). Tsі Hotel, in its Cherga, shaping can Buti Activity is the Passive. Hotel, scho not oblіkovuyutsya the carrying rahunkah, vіdnosyat to pozabalansovanih (garantії, surety, konsultatsії) їh nadannya not suprovodzhuєtsya vkladennyam abo zaluchennyam koshtіv.

Rinok bankіvskih poslug in Ukraїnі is staying on stadії formuvannya. Naybіlshim popitom koristuyutsya Hotel rozrahunkovo-kasovogo nature. Prote s rozvitkom rinkovih vіdnosin z'yavlyaєtsya popit i takі at Hotel Yak lіzing, factoring, garantії, trastovі Hotel.

Shvydko rozvivaєtsya popit at Hotel bankіv in sferі obіgu tsіnnih paperіv: kupіvlya sales tsіnnih paperіv for applications klієntіv, rozmіschennya emіsії tsіnnih paperіv toscho.

Lіzingovі Hotel polyagayut in zdavannі in Orenda on trivaly lines predmetіv dovgostrokovogo koristuvannya; Yak usually protyagom line dії agreement about lіzing orendar splachuє orendodavtsyu Povny vartіst taken at Orenda lane. Otzhe, lіzing mozhna rozglyadati yak rіznovid dovgostrokovogo credit, scho nadaєtsya in maynovіy formі pogashaєtsya i have rozstrochku. Vіn Winick at 50 Ti Rocky XX century. s parallel rozvitkom Sistemi priskorennya amortizatsіynih spisuvan.

Lіzingova Hotel vinikaє so. On Prohanov klієnta Bank zakupovuє basis Mein (ustatkuvannya, transportnі zasobi, sіlskogospodarsku, obchislyuvalnu tehnіku toscho) i bere on itself practical OAO All zobov'yazannya vlasnika, vklyuchayuchi vіdpovіdalnіst for zberezhennya lane, making a string platezhіv, Mainova podatkіv payment. Klієnt on Prohanov yakogo Bulo purchased Main, ukladaє s Bank of string dogovіr Orenda Where Money Does viznachaєtsya rozmіr orendnoї pay i perіodichnіst її vnesku that INSHI minds.

Orendna board skladaєtsya s dvoh values: vartostі lane i komіsіynoї vinagorodi for lіzingovі Hotel, scho dorіvnyuє interest for the loan.

Dohіd bank od lіzingovih poslug vklyuchaє: lіzingovy percentage zalishkovu vartіst lane to the time line zakіnchennya Orenda, podatkovі pіlgi, pov'yazanі s іnvestuvannyam in obladnannya.

Fee lіzingovu Hotel nizhcha od pozichkovogo percent to klієntu vigіdnіshe koristuvatisya lіzingom, nіzh brati penny pozichku for Orenda obladnannya expensive.

Bank Got mozhlivіst ustanovlyuvati pay for lіzingovu Hotel nizhche for pozichkovy percentage for rakhunok of scho orenda nadaє Yomou right koristuvannya іnvestitsіynimi pіlgami at oplatі podatkіv, tobto vіn dіlitsya klієntami s obsession Vigoda in formі znizhennya percent.

In mіzhnarodnіy bankіvskіy praktitsі dosit poshireny lіzing іz zaluchennyam koshtіv (orenda іnvestitsіynogo type). When zdіysnennі takoї lіzingovoї operatsії Bank organіzovuє obsession dovgostrokovoї pozichki in one abo kіlkoh kreditorіv for the amount of up to 80% vartostі building in Orenda aktivіv. For company profile pozichki vіn oderzhuє od orendarya dodatkovu vinagorodu. Krіm order tsya operatsіya daє mozhlivіst bank skorotiti base opodatkuvannya for rakhunok vіdnesennya percent over take credit for vitrati svoєї dіyalnostі.

Factoring - bankіvska Hotel, yak vinikla in bankіvskіy praktitsі in the 50 Ti Rocky XX century. Vіn yavlyaє him purchase the bank from klієnta rights vimogu Borg (without the right to zvorotnoї vimogi klієnta). Yak rule, the bank kupuє debіtorskі rahunki, pov'yazanі s postachannyam tovarіv abo nadannyam poslug.

Factoring Hotel oformlyaєtsya ukladannyam mіzh bank i klієntom spetsіalnogo contract. When tsomu funktsіyami bank Je not tіlki styagnennya borgіv and second obslugovuvannya Borg: analіz plans

| Tospromozhnostі borzhnikіv, іnkasuvannya, zalіkovі operatsії, of acceptance on itself riziku nesplati toscho. Klієnt scho selling debіtorskі rahunki, oderzhuє, od bank groshі (gotіvka, perekaz, check payment toscho) in rozmіrі 80-90% sumi rahunkіv. Zalishenі 10-20% sumi Bank timchasovo styaguє in viglyadі kompensatsії riziku to maturity vsієї kuplenoї debіtorskoї zaborgovanostі. Pіslya Povernennya Borg Bank povertaє styagnenu klієntu the bag.

For faktornі Bank Hotel styaguє s klієnta fee, yak vklyuchaє komіsіyu for Hotel Borg i s obslugovuvannya pozichkovy percent. Front fee narahovuєtsya od usієї sumi purchased from klієnta debіtorskih rahunkіv and pozichkovy percent - od sumi nadanogo klієntu advances. In zv'yazku Zi Shvidky obіgom debіtorskih rahunkіv i viklikanoyu CIM netrivalіstyu line koristuvannya advance (pozichkoyu) dohіd bank od pozichkovogo percent Mensch, nіzh komіsіynі platezhі.

Garantіya - tse zobov'yazannya guarantor, scho vidaєtsya on Prohanov іnshoї individuals (principal) for guarantor Yakima zobov'yazuєtsya splatiti principal creditor vіdpovіdno to drain garantіynogo zobov'yazannya Pevnyi penny scrip. Garant Got right zazhadati od principal in order for the regression vіdshkoduvannya splachenih garantієyu sum, Lots Other Yakscho not peredbachene contract garantії s principal. Vidayuchi garantіyu bank responsible perekonatisya in platospromozhnostі klієnta, oskіlki vidacha garantії at sutі, Got credit related. Banks are taking on themselves when zobov'yazannya nesplatі klієntom in rows nalezhnih platezhіv zdіysniti їh for rakhunok Vlasnyi resursіv. Bankіvska garantіya nadavatisya Mauger i pid vіdpovіdne zabezpechennya, tobto suprovodzhuvatisya vіdpovіdnoyu force the lane. Bankіvskі garantії shaping can Buti spryamovanі on vikonannya klієntom svoїh zobov'yazan for torgovelnimi that fіnansovimi lands: Tender garantіya; garantіya vikonannya contract; garantіya nadannya loan i vistavlennya letter of credit; garantіya payment; aktseptuvannya that zvalyuvannya Bills toscho.

Trastovі Hotel zasnovanі on dovіrchih pravovіdnosinah, if one person-zasnovnik peredaє svoє am Main from rozporyadzhennya іnshoї individuals - dovіritelnomu vlasniku for upravlіnnya in іnteresah tretoї individual-benefіtsіara. Otzhe have zaznachenih pravovіdnosinah take the fate of three parties:

- Dovіritel Lane (zasnovnik);

- Dovіritelny vlasnik (trust);

- Benefіtsіar - person, on the one korist in іnteresah yakoї nadayutsya dovіrchі Hotel. Him Mauger Buti himself dovіritel Lane abo-thirds of person.

Banks vikonuyuchi funktsії trust, mozhut: * obslugovuvati oblіgatsіynі Hotel;

* Zdіysnyuvati timchasove upravlіnnya cope kompanіy on vipadok їh reorganіzatsії chi lіkvіdatsії;

* Nadavati Hotel depozitarіyu (zberіgannya aktsіy for yakimi aktsіoneri delivered right to voice upovnovazhenim predstavnikam);

* Zdіysnyuvati rozporyadzhennya assets;

* Іnvestuvati Costa klієnta in viznachenі him Vidi aktivіv;

* Upravlyati Costa blagodіynih fondіv;

* Zberіgati tsіnnostі.

For nadannya dovіrchih poslug Bank styaguє fee rozmіr yakoї ustanovlyuєtsya in dogovorі mіzh bank that klієntom.