Groshі that credit - Savluk M.І.

13.2. SVІTOVY BANK

Svіtovy Bank yavlyaє him grupu sporіdnenih organіzatsіy, to dosit often speaking about grupu Svіtovogo bank. Before neї Inbox: Mіzhnarodny Bank rekonstruktsії that rozvitku (the Same yogo іnkoli nazivayut skorocheno Svіtovim Bank), Mіzhnarodna asotsіatsіya rozvitku, Mіzhnarodna fіnansova Corporation, Bagatostoronnya agentsіya garantuvannya іnvestitsіy and takozh Mіzhnarodny center uregulyuvannya іnvestitsіynih konflіktіv.

Ofіtsіynі tsіlі chlenіv GROUP Svіtovogo bank - zmenshennya bіdnostі i pіdvischennya zhittєvih standartіv kraїn-chlenіv Shlyakhov spriyannya ekonomіchnomu rozvitku ostannіh i zaluchennya resursіv s rozvinutih kraїn to kraїn scho rozvivayutsya. Zaznachimo scho The basic rіznitsya mіzh Svіtovim bank i IMF polyagaє in fact scho IMF bіlshe kontsentruє their uwagi on food korotkostrokovoї fіnansovoї stabіlnostі in kraїnah, todі yak Svіtovy Bank zoseredzhuєtsya perevazhno on seredno- that dovgostrokovih (for termіnom realіzatsії) structural projects that galuzevih peretvoren in ekonomіkah kraїn. Axis chomu, if just past about fіnansovu stabіlіzatsіyu in Ukraїnі, the tse power nasampered stosuєtsya dіyalnostі IMF. Koli Well mova yde about strukturnі i galuzevі reforms here on Purshia plan Sered mіzhnarodnih fіnansovih organіzatsіy postaє Svіtovy bank yaky kontsentruє their uwagi on peretvorennyah on mіkrorіvnі, food privatizatsії, deregulyatsії galuzevih peretvoren, spriyaє reformuvannyu energetichnoї the Branch, sіlskogo Gospodarstwa, sotsіalnogo sector toscho.

Mіzhnarodny Bank rekonstruktsії that rozvitku (IBRD) in the cob svoєї dіyalnostі CCB priznacheny stimulyuvati privatnі іnvestitsії in zahіdnoєvropeyskih kraїnah pіslya Druha svіtovoї vіyni.

IBRD nadaє dovgostrokovі pozichki kraїnam member that garantuє loans, SSMSC nadanі CIM kraїnam Private banks that creditors on іnshimi dvostoronnіy osnovі. The right to take the fate of the bank in dіyalnostі toil tіlki member of the IMF. Of the voting rights in the World Bank viznachaєtsya rozmіrom vnesku to yogo kapіtalu bodies.

Statutory kapіtal IBRD formuєtsya Shlyakhov pіdpiski .der-zhav-chlenіv on yogo aktsії. Powers quotas have kapіtalі bank vstanovlyuyutsya osnovі on quotas at the IMF. For pitched in Lipna 1, 1998. Statutory kapіtal IBRD skladavsya s 1581724 aktsіy nomіnalnoyu vartіstyu 0.1 million SDR cutaneous. Zagalna scrip pіdpisanogo kapіtalu becoming 186.4 billion dollars. Votes at the World Bank, yak i in the IMF, rozpodіlyayutsya fallow od rozmіru vnesku. Power member Got golosіv 250 plus 1 dodatkovy on skin pridbanu her aktsіyu. Pіdpiska Ukraine becoming aktsіy 10,908 (1.3159 billion dollars.) Tobto Won Got IBRD golosіv 11,158 (0.7% od zagalnoї kіlkostі). vnesok Splacheny - 79.3 million dollars.

Dіyalnіst bank zoseredzhena on dvoh areas - makroekono-mіchna stabіlіzatsіya that іnstitutsіynі zmіni. Aktivnіshe IBRD dіє in іnstitutsіynіy sferі: nadaє Relief in zdіysnennі privatizatsії, zmіnі forms vlasnostі, uprovadzhennі antimonopolnyh zahodіv that іn. Poziki nadayutsya 15-20 rokіv, vklyuchayuchi p'yatirіchny termіn vіdstrochennya platezhіv.

IBRD otrimuє bіlshіst svoїh resursіv zavdyaki operatsіyam on svіtovih fіnansovih Rink. Bank prodaє Boni that INSHI garantії zaborgovanostі pensіynim funds, insurance kompanіyam, korporatsіyam, іnshim banks and takozh fіzichnim individuals.

On the cob, 1998. suma pozik IBRD kraїnam Member Bank becomes 107 billion dollars. USA. Before sumi poziki incoming komіsіynі bank - 0.75% od nevibranih zalishkіv loan.

Pevnyi Chastina kreditіv bank nadaєtsya on rozvitok marginal Galuzo s temple-of-line okupnostі vitrat, Cudi Private kapіtal not vkladaєtsya: infrastructure, sіlske Gospodarstwa. Ale without rozvitku Tsikh Galuzo nemozhlive ekonomіchne

budіvnitstvo in kraїnah scho rozvivayutsya. IBRD bere Visoko fee for a loan - to rіvnі rinkovih minds.

Mіzhnarodna asotsіatsіya rozvitku (IDA) has been viewed target yak fіlіya IBRD in 1960 p. s metoyu zberegti vpliv rozvinutih zahіdnih powers in Kraina, scho rozvivayutsya. IDA nadaє bezprotsentnі loans for up to 50 lines rokіv (h p 1986 -. Nadannya lines kreditіv skorocheno 40 rokіv for naymensh rozvinutih kraїn that up to 35 rokіv - for іnshih kraїn "third svitu"). Repayment kreditіv pochinaєtsya s 11th roku pіslya cob їh vikoristannya. IDA loans nadaє Uryadov that privacy organіzatsіyam naybіd-nіshih kraїn scho rozvivayutsya. The right to such otrimannya kreditіv toil Kraina rіchnim s per capita income, scho not perevischuє 835 dollars. USA.

Mіzhnarodna fіnansova Corporation (IFC) in 1959 has been viewed organіzovana p. U.S. іnіtsіativoyu s metoyu zaohochuvannya rozvitku privacy of companies in kraїnah scho rozvivayutsya. IFC loans nadaє visokorentabelnim Private pіdpriєmstvam without garantії Uryadov row od p'yati 15 rokіv for minds, scho Chastain aktsіy kompanії-pozichalniki prodayutsya IFC. Rіven protsentіv vіdpovіdaє percent, scho іsnuyut on mіzhnarodnih fіnansovih Rink.

Statutory kapіtal IFC s target vneskіv kraїn-chlenіv, їh rozmіr proportsіyny chasttsі їh vneskіv to IBRD. At the IFC take fate tіlki a member of IBRD.

Bagatostoronnya agentsіya garantuvannya іnvestitsіy (BAGІ) zdіysnyuє strahuvannya kapіtalovkladen od polіtichnogo riziku on vipadok eksproprіatsії, vіyni, zrivu kontraktіv.

Mіzhnarodny center uregulyuvannya іnvestitsіynih konflіktіv (MTSUІK) zasnovano in 1966r. for spriyannya priplivu mіzhnarodnih іnvestitsіy Shlyakhov stvorennya minds for pripinennya th uregulyuvannya sporіv mіzh Uryadov she іnozemnimi іnvestorami. For pitched in Cherven 1997 p. members MTSUІK boule 128 kraїn.

Naybіlshoyu fіlієyu groupies Svіtovogo bank Je Mіzhnarodny Bank rekonstruktsії that rozvitku. Vіn Je Main pozikovoyu organіzatsієyu. Tse naybіlsha establish scho nadaє poziki on rozvitok kraїnam s serednіm rіvnem dohodіv and takozh vіdіgraє role of head katalіzatora schodo fіnansuvannya s іnshih Jerel. Poziki Svіtovogo bank Je dosit privablivim Jerel zovnіshnogo fіnansuvannya yak defіtsitu sovereign budget, so i reformuvannya Economy of Ukraine. Fіnansovі minds on yakih Svіtovy Bank nadaє poziki Ukraїnі, Je vigіdnіshimi, nіzh bіlshіst іnshih zovnіshnіh Jerel zapozichennya available to Ukraine in Danian hour.

IBRD project in Ukraїnі mozhna podіliti on sistemnі that іnvestitsіynі.

Sistemnі projection priznachenі for reformuvannya tsіlih sektorіv Economy, i groshі them tranches napravlyayutsya bezposeredno Derzhbyudzhet in Ukraine. A potіm vzhe Mіnfіn zi Svoge budget guilty peredbachiti fіnansuvannya zaznachenoї in proektі prog - scho Yea i basically metoyu kreditіv IBRD. For іnvestitsіynimi Plans nadannya koshtіv IBRD descho іnsha. Sche in protsesі pіdgotovki project viznachayutsya package zakupіvel, SSMSC neobhіdnі for yogo vprovadzhennya, that dzherela fіnansuvannya. Potіm target ukraїnskoyu the side of robochem grupa upravlіnnya project (іnkoli for participation konsultantіv IBRD) gotuє tender the documentation, oskіlki OAO All zakupіvlі roblyatsya for the principle of holding a competitive vіdkritih mіzhnarodnih torgіv.

The fate of at bids can brati OAO All kompanії, SSMSC toil dostatnіy mіzhnarodny dosvіd i virobnichі mozhlivostі vikonati Minds contest. Tse i stosuєtsya mіstsevih virobnikіv, bіlshe of їm nadaєtsya znizhka in rozmіrі 15% kontraktnoї tsіni. Tobto, Yakscho ukrainian virobnik vikonuє OAO All minds schodo of Quality, nadіynostі that svoєchasnostі supply abo poslug, ale yogo konkursnoї Rate Offers 15% Vishcha, Same yogo shaping can all one ogolositi a winner competition. The contest is held ukraїnska side i pіdgotovlena her tender dokumentatsіya obov'yazkovo uzgodzhuєtsya s IBRD. Kreditnі lands schodo vprovadzhennya іnvestitsіynih proektіv ukladayutsya mіzh With Ukraine that Mіzhnarodnim Bank rekonstruktsії that rozvitku. Mіnіsterstvo fіnansіv Ukraine priznachaєtsya predstavnikom pozichalnika. Krіm tsogo, Credit lands viznachayutsya Chastain poziki, SSMSC will peredanі vіdpovіdnim subpozichalnikam and takozh the category vitrat, SSMSC shaping can Buti zdіysnenі in the furrows of the project. The following is the calling Je pіdgotovka pіdpisannya subkreditnih lands mіzh Mіnіsterstvom fіnansіv Ukraine that subpozichalnikami - benefіtsіa-set. Subkreditnimi lands viznachaєtsya scrip, yak Mіnіsterstvo fіnansіv Ukraine kredituє to Chi-іnshomu subpozi superiors and takozh ustanovlyuyutsya minds that termіni repayment zobov'yazan obslugovuvannya s tsogo Borg before Reigning budget.

On the cob 1993 p. Bulo Perche zatverdzheno poziku on іnsti-tutsіynu Rozbudova priblizno 30 million dollars in sumі. USA. Nadalі, in 1994-1995 pp., Svіtovy bank Nadav Ukraїnі Costa reabіlіtatsіynoї poziki in Povny obsyazі (blizko $ 500 million USD.), SSMSC boule spryamovanі on fіnansuvannya pіdtrimki budget zokrema on pokrittya defіtsitu budget platezhі for zovnіshnіm Borg is the criticality іmportom. Rozmіr іnstitutsіynoї poziki, nadanoї Svіtovim bank for Tsey perіod becomes US $ 27 million. USA. In 1996 r. peredbachalosya otrimati od Svіtovogo bank blizko 600 million dollars. USA, in addition to structural chislі poziku perebudovu okremih sektorіv Economy (pozika on rozvitok of companies) - 200 million dollars. USA, on the structural perebudovu sіlskogo Gospodarstwa - 150 million dollars. US perebudovu vugіlnogo sektora- 150 million dollars to the structural. USA. Prote 1 sіchnya 1997 p. Bulo otrimano 401.8 million dollars. US, chislі to 150 million dollars. US nadіyshlo on rekonstruktsіyu vugіlnoї the Branch that restrukturizatsіyu sіlskogo Gospodarstwa on rozvitok of companies - 100 million dollars. US іnstitutsіynoї poziki - 1.8 million dollars. USA.

In 1998 the. prodovzhuvalasya spіvpratsya Zi Svіtovim Bank schodo pі dgotovki to realіzatsії such proektіv:

1. "Pozika on structural perebudovu fіnansovogo sector" (FSAL) rozmіrі at $ 300 million. US to reform pіdtrimki schodo zmіtsnennya bankіvskoї Sistemi s metoyu zaohochennya bankіv to switch to a backup formuvannya novі minds that the insurance fondіv and takozh zbіlshennya Vlasnyi kapіtalu.

2. "Project fіnansovih poslug" - rozmіrі at $ 250 million. USA, yaky Je prodovzhennyam poziki on structural perebudovu fіnansovogo sector. Zgіdno s propozitsіyami Svіtovogo bank Tsey project vklyuchatime takі osnovnі eg: credit lіnіya for pіdtrimki small that serednogo pіdpriєmnitstva rozmіrі at 100-150 million dollars. USA; tehnіchna dopomoga komertsіynim banks; automation bankіvskoї dіyalnostі; stvorennya rating-agency Vågå.

Realіzatsіya Tsikh dvoh proektіv Got Why іstotnim Kroc schodo vdoskonalennya bankіvskoї Systems of Ukraine. Krіm addition, 1998 p. Svіtovim Bank Bulo viplacheno Ukraїnі for system projects 340 million dollars. US: 150 million dollars. - On perebudovu sіlskogo Gospodarstwa (usogo two transhі); $ 100 million. - Purshia tranche of the project at rozvitok of companies (three vsogo transhі); 90 million dollars. - Purshia tranche of the loan for perebudovu fіnansovogo sector (vsogo three transhі). On rіznih stadіyah pіdgotovki perebuvayut mayzhe three dozens іnvestitsіynih proektіv, fate in fіnansuvannі yakih bere Svіtovy Bank. Practical cutaneous suprovodzhuєtsya project grant. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine ratifіkuvala lands about nadannya poziki pid reabіlіtatsії HPP project that upravlіnnya in sistemі elektroenergetiki project s nasіnnitstva, experiental project in vugіlnіy promislovostі; project restrukturizatsіyu vugіlnoї the Branch. Rozglyadaєtsya mozhlivіst vidіlennya koshtіv for realіzatsії proektіv:

* Schodo udoskonalennya teplopostachannya m Sevastopol.;

* Reabіlіtatsії that rozshirennya tsentralіzovanogo teplopostachannya m of Kyiv.;

* Schodo Sistemi Treasury;

* Schodo rozvitku eksportu;

* Schodo Zahist pіdtrimki sotsіalnogo (zhitlovі subsidії);

* Schodo suspіlnogo rozvitku Ukraine; * Rozvitok on the private sector;

* For reformuvannya podatkovoї admіnіstratsії that system statistics that іn.

Bank loans Svіtovogo Je dostatno privablivim Jerel zovnіshnogo fіnansuvannya. For klasifіkatsієyu Svіtovogo bank UKRAINE nalezhit to tretoї the category kraїn (serednіy rіven dohodіv). For such kraїn rows repayment kreditіv becoming 17 rokіv s pіlgovim perіodom 5 rokіv, protyagom yakih splachuyutsya vіdsotki deprivation. Bet vіdsotka Mauger Buti fіksovanoyu abo plavayuchoyu s priv'yazkoyu to LІBOR rates. Interest for pozikami Svіtovogo bank SSMSC to tsogo hour zaluchenі With Ukraine, splachuyutsya for plavayuchoyu rates. W urahuvannyam zagalnoї marzhі Svіtovogo bank rate protsentіv for Ukraine becoming blizko 6.5% rіchnih. On 1 sіchnya 2000 r. Reigning Borg Ukraine before Svіtovim Bank dorіvnyuє 2.0 billion. US abo 16.0% usogo zovnіshnogo Sovereign Borg Ukraine.

Іsnuyut deyakі problemi іz vikonannyam ukraїnskoyu zobov'yazan in the side of the furrows zatverdzhenih proektіv. Іz eight grantіv on rozroblennya proektіv i zdіysnennya doslіdnitskoї robots shіst Bulo skasovano through vіdsutnіst zaіnteresovanostі abo Uryadov Ukraine vіdhileno Supreme Radoyu. Ukraїnska side dosі not completed the registration of membership in BAGІ scho unemozhlivilo vikoristannya resursіv organіzatsії on chislennі Request garantіy іnozemnih іnvestorіv and takozh in Mіzhnarodnіy asotsіatsії rozvitku.

Taqiy camp pov'yazany nedostatnoyu efektivnіstyu s project portfolio is the bank Svіtovogo obmezhenoyu spromozhnіstyu nashoї PARTIES osvoyuvati Costa, scho nadayutsya.