Strahuvannya - Osadets SS

12.2. Organizational forms of insurance loans

Insurance practice, spirayuchis on sphilnyi ambush credit insurance, that vrahovoyuchi osoblyvosti obeslugovuvannya rizikiv, yakі vinikayut with zdіysennennі rіznih vidiv credit loans, virobila a number of organizational forms of insurance loans . Naveemo їх the order of economical significance.

  • Insurance of commodity loans;
  • Insurances credit;
  • Insurance of settling loans;
  • Insurance of credits, sight of the outpost;
  • Страхування кредиів довіри.

Strahuvannya commodity loans є operitsiyeju delkodernogo type, shcho perebacha vidshkoduvannya vtat, yaki came vasledodok nekokonannya short-terminovyh credit vimog z commodity postchaannya ta nadannya serv. Scope zastosuvannya commodity loans in vysokorozvineny rinkovyh systems є mayzhe nepromezhenoyu. Понад 80% світової торгівлі здійснюється наданям кредиів. Vano hunted all the gaols of statehood. The order із classic areas of virbitntsy and trade with the remaining rock takе inshrahdal dedalі bіl more penetrate the sphere of services. Проте розвиток крединих відносин є лише peredumovoyu виникнення страхування кредиів. The head yogo cause - the masovi vipadki neplatosprozhodnostі kopitsyv-pozhalnikov, zoumovlenny riznim chinnikami: an uneventful conjuncture situation yak in okremih galuzah, so i in the economical sector, marriage of vlasnih obivovi koshtiv; Recession rate; Pensions in the management through the folding of the day-to-day management; Zrostayucha vnutrishnugaluzeva mozhgaluzeva rivalry, stagnatsiia need and spozhivannya.

With insurance credit goods, insurance is subject to insurance, as a rule, all goods are sold out by extension.

The sale of goods can be done without price - the seller of purchases, and the middle of the day - on the faculties of factoring , tobto on the part of the mediator - the factor of the chi factorial to the bank. Gospodarska practice is known as bagot vidiv factoring. Z I will look at the order of vrachuvannya riziku neplatosprozhimostnosti borzhnika nayistotnishogo znachennia nabuvae factoring povnii i nevny . The main sign of the factoring is the fact that the risk of non-payment of the borzhnik is on the factor. At разі застосування unintentional factoring ризик неплатоспроможності лягає на продавця. Q look at the vendor-creditor with the kind of factoring that is factoring in the factoring of transactions with the factor of trade. Tse rizik mozhe bouti haklenyh insurance.

Vidpovidalnist insurance mortgage insurance in the faculties of factoring dorivnyuyu ponnyy vartosty contract, toto zaborgovanosty, yaka maє bouti is dosed by the borzhnik factors. Negotiate insurance can be put on the skin okremu operatsiyu abo (yak at the time of regular trade vnedosin) on the pidstavi general.

Mechanism of the function of insurance in the faculties of factoring

Fig. 12.4. Mechanism of the function of insurance in the faculties of factoring

Страхування кредиів під інвестиції здійснюється на базі операції з приббання інвестиційних засобів for rahunok nadanih credit card holders. The loan can not be nadavatis not in goods, but in grosovy (gothic chi bezgotivkovy) forms. In the first vipadku creditors ви vibroks і sellers інвестиційних засобів, and in another - a credit, establish, however, зацікавлені beside сaєчechnomu і and poverennom poverennіі заборгованості. By the method of protection of the її ponenennya zastosovuyutsya vidpovіdna form of insurance zahistu. Більш популярним є страхування матеріальних кредиів, Dating for інвестиційної діяльності. The nature of the nature of such credit is obvious. On the basis of these funds (bank loans), you can settle on a non-insured basis (through a menshu pivnist schodo tsil'ovogo vichoristan).

Vazhlivim by the method of credit-making and investment diyalnost і nadannya leasing loan . Tak credit can be sent to yak without a middle-aged transfer to the vibro-mans and governors of the main landings at the Dovgostrokovo rent, or for the special lease lien. At vitsitznyanny gospodarski practice of the role of lizindoravtsiv-mediatori mozut vikonuvati commercial banks. Stink, zastosovochi fіnnansovy lizing, makuyut zmogu kupuvati basic zasobi і and transfer to the lease for an additional fee. Yak vzaimoliviy Element tsієї platy perebachaetsya risikova extra charge, is recognized at the pokritta zbitkiv, yakі mozyut viniknuti in lzindodavtsya in the time of the inconvenient payment of the rented payment or unconfirmed object of leasing. Проте більшу ефективність у справі захисту інтересів лізингодавця може мати застосування страхування умов виконання лізингових операцій. Typical scheme vzaimovidnosin mizh parties, yakі take the fate of business operations and insurance, dialing such a vigil (Figure 12.5):

Взаємовідносини сторін при страхуваннілізингових операцій

Fig. 12.5. Взаємовідносини сторін при страхуванні лізингових операцій

Oblag of insurance premiums, yak and risikova mark-up, to be assessed in terms of payment of the platospromozhnosti of the orendra. I will look at the difficulties of the pre-investment forecasting of the financial institution, the guarantee of insurance, mortgages, the stren- nance under the contractual arrangements for insuring leasing operations.

Strahuvannya spozhivchih kreditіv zdіysnyuetsya vipadok nastannya neplatosprozhimostnosti tih pozhalnikiv, yakі otrimali bankіvsіkі chіkіvnyi lіtti na pozivchchі consumer, tobto for nevrobnichogo spozhivannya. Оскільки корстувачами споживчих кредиів є фізичні individuals, the main causes виникнення їхньої неплатоспроможності або неплатоспроможності їхніх сімей моуть буї такі: випадки смерті позичальників chi pozbavlenya їх можливостей отримувати повноцінний, regular дохід through povnu oddkova vtratu them pratsedzatnostі chi dzherela postійного заробітку.

When insurance loans are settled by insurance companies, as a rule, a poschalnik is a phisical person. Він the same bezsosednyo vesed in vіdosnini zі insurer. Nayavnist insurance zabezpechennia є neobhіdnoyu umovoyu zdіysnennya credit. Oskilki basic rizikami neplatosprozhimostnosti iz riziki fizichnogo, bіologogochnogo sotsіialnogo funktsionnuvannya individuala, then technically insurance of settling loans will be in the quiet themselves ambushes, but osobiste insure. In the case of the insurmountable insurance cover, the credit card is lodged with the insurant. In the minds of the sale of goods " from a rosette " to settling a loan, a mother can "amortize" the nature, a kind of fondness of a partial loan of an off-balance loan. Strahuvannya such a loan (yogo zalishkovoi partiny) nabuvaet vizhlyad "terminovogo" insurance with zminnyu (sinking) insurance sumoju. Umovi nadannya that povennennya such a loan - however, wake yak for the lender, and for the pozhal'nika, and then tse credit is very popular in the credit market.

In the case of practical credit and insurance providers, those non-partisan participants of the contracts can insure the banks from the vipadka with bank loans issued to them (for the sake of the public part of the extinguished property) for the purpose of pribannya spozhivchih goods. Scheme vzajmozv'yakvі mіz participants in such credit insurance policies are subject to unilateral insurance. Fig. 12.6.

The scheme of accounting for the insurance of settled loans

Fig. 12.6. The scheme of accounting for the insurance of settled loans

Strahovi tariffy formuyutsya із vrahuvannyam magnitudes першої виплати by the buyer, кількості визначених perіодичних, почастинних loan repayment (term yin nadannya) i, безречно, надійності почальника, яка може бути досить мінливою. Tse spoinukah fears pawns to insure, and banks - before nadannya lichas loans to the anchor short term і in small sums. Бажаної надійності такі кредині відносини між by the creditor and позачальником mozhut досягти за смови застосування спеціального способбу забезпечення зобовзпечення зобов'язань - застави.

Strahuvannya credit, vidnih pid zastavu , mozhe zdіysnyuvatisya Todi, if the poshchalnik zabezpechuє poverennnya credit we transfer at the outpost to the pliable yomu neeruhimim chi rohomim lane. Obviously, the mine can be handed over to the outpost, it is necessary to pose the bad luck of the poshkojennya, but to cover the platospromozhnosti poshchalnika і mozhe call to vtrasti him mozhnosty ponennennya borgu. Otzhe, make a pretext to demand an insurance zahistu. The Law of Ukraine "About the Outpost" is viznachae mehanizm insurance of forcing objects. Він, зокрема, покладає на заставодавця обов'язок страхування нерухомих об'эктів that subjectsіїіпопотеки, transferring it to the outpost. Take this insurance for me for the rakhunok koshtiv zavodovatstva (insuretnik) at the pinnacle of the vandalized lane, or on the corridor of the guard.

In the case of the criminals, the driver of the obovozyakiv, the insurance of the object of the mortgage, the forecaster, the right of the vimagati of the post-mortem attorney of the main borgu abo to insure the subject of the crime for the raion, or in the encroachments of the encroachment on the stepping stones of the insignificant vitrate zi insurances.

At different times (the mortgage) of the ruined lane, the forecaster, which is not forced by the contract, is forced to do so, the subject of insurance is the object of the mortgage in the yoga warpath for the rajuna and in the captives. Otzhe, in such situations, you can find out about insensitive insurance of objects, make a mine, vartizhest 'I can become a guarantor of the platospromozhnosti poschalnika and vikonannya him zobov'azan before his creditor vіd usіh rizikіv. This is the rank, with insured forced lane (mortgage) insured and insured ¬ snoopers, and the outposts є sub'ektom, the crook of a lodged insurance insurance, tobto beneficiary.

Zgіdno s character vzaєmovіdnosin mіzh party insurance processes in razі nastannya insurance vipadku (vtrati subject іpoteki svoєї vartostі through poshkodzhennya abo znischennya) pershochergove right to otrimannya sumi nalezhnogo insurance vіdshkoduvannya Got zastavoderzhatel - lender. The payment of an insurance vidstkoduvannya creditors за zabezpechennyam yogo deprive before ostavanayu explicit (hocha potentiyno mozhnojuyu) neplato-prokomozhnisty poschalnika. Vodnochas the payment of insurance vishodshduvannya bezparedredno insharuhvilnikovі stvoiorye nebezpeku yogo netsil'vogo vichoristana zastavodavtsem.

In addition, the legislation of the Baghdad of the European Territories allows you to go to the insured object to make it easy to insure the loans, seeing the outposts of the outpost. Yogo zmist polagaye in order to obtain insurance for the loan, the nature of the insurance guarantee, the kind of creditors (insured) insured. Відповідно insured vipadkom viznatsya unconfident poshechalnik u vstanovlennyi termini zaborgovanі creditors. The fact that the insured is in a state of insurance, which is to be claimed and secured by a creditor, is granted to insurers against insurance in the form of insurances in the taxation of unpaid portions of the security. At his chervon, the insurer, yak zastavoderzhatel otrimyte otrimeno right to stagnnenya on his crochet to hard yomu sumi for rahunok realizovanoї yipoteki. Before ukladannyam agreement about the outpost zastavodavets zobov'yazuєtsya zastrahuvati priznachene to force the Mein od quiet rizikіv, SSMSC on Dumka insurers, mozhut zagrozhuvati іpotetsі vtratoyu її vartostі. Strahovі tariffs vstanovlyayutsya na rivnі, yakii vіdpovіdaє magnitudes rizikіv. Yak rule, іпотека is insured on the minds «від усіх ризиків». Pislya tsyogo notarialnym act of the process of registration on the corridor of the insurer, which is one-hourly by the gatekeeper. The integral part of the insurance policy is the credit of a credit card to a creditor-insured person who is a security insurer.

Strahuvannya kreditіv Dovira proponuє pіdpriєmtsyam Zahist od nezadovіlnih fіnansovih naslіdkіv, zbitkіv, zavdanih Vlasnyi personnel, Money Does s looking around at them vikonuvanі sluzhbovі obov'yazki neobhіdno dovіryati maynovі tsіnnostі. Зазначене страхування дає змогу:

  • Uniqueness of the tourist turbulence about the material nature, the field of the voyages in the vinicultural viscous vkasivok t інструкцій;
  • Zapobigati we send to the cramps and losses;
  • Uniqueness in the skin vipadku consumer otrimuvati prove the value of material values.

Insurant vіdshkodovuє strahuvalnikovі maynovі zbitki, kotrі yomu zavdіі yogo dovіreniemi by individuals with the shi chi as a result of their inconvenience to them. Otzhe, tse insuhvanya є specifichnim type of insurance in the service of servicemen osib. Зміст страхування кредиту в цьому разі полягає у страхуванні «кредит довіри». Prote materіnuyu substantastcієyu tsіogo lentu є vartit materіnnikh tsіnnost, kotrі nenache nadayuatsya v rozporyadzhennya kredit tretym samoobam.

Колискою страхвання credit довіри (недовіри) є Англія. Sze in 1840 rotsі insurance kompaniia Guarantee Society of London sold Purshia polіs for minds yakogo kompaniia garantuvala pratsedavtsyam materіalny Zahist on vipadok zbitkіv, zavdanih їm їhnіmi sluzhbovtsyami in razі nesumlіnnogo vikonannya pokladenih them obov'yazkіv. Until the hour of the hour, the guarantee was secured by a zvichayna gotіvkova outpost in the singing-minded rozmіrі. Special kind of rozmahu tsei kind of insurance nabuv at the United States in perіод міграційного буму. Pratsedavtsi zmusheni buli korostustovatsya by the servants of the immodest nevidomikh pratsivnikiv, yaki hired for service. Necessity of the bullet of guarantee, however, it confused the assertion of a new type of insurance. Сьогодні страхування довіри («Fidelity-Insurance») in the United States to bilsh nіzh 200 insurance companies.

Strahuvannya credit doviri (nedoviri) practicing zhledіlshogo yak zagalne y hoplyuє vseh without vinyatku servisovtsiv ta pratsіvnikiv. Zavdyaki tsomu pratsedavets unikaє neobhіdnostі nadmіrnogo lucid for okremimi pratsіvnikami, scho, in its Cherga not daє pіdstav for їh diskrimіnatsії, zabezpechuє solіdny INSURANCE Zahist i polegshuє personalnі vіdnosini.

Ostannіmi fate, let's explain the insecurity of insurance, the insurance of computer zlivzhivan has become. Vono zahischaє vlasnikіv Komp'yuterniy systems od zbitkіv, SSMSC zavdayutsya їm in rezultatі vikoristannya elektronnoї obrobki Informácie Shlyakhov zovnіshnogo vtorgnennya in Komp'yuterniy system s metoyu poshkodzhennya nosіїv Informácie, zmіni programs, making fіktivnih rahunkіv, znyattya s them i koshtіv їh privlasnennya away. The amount of insurance coverage in the vipadkas is determined for the housing of the insured person and the insured person.