Strahuvannya - Osadets SS

17.2. Metodi reinsurance

Committing rizikіv in reinsurance Mauger vіdbuvatisya postіyno abo disposable. Istoria rozvitku reinsurance svіdchit scho Persha boule epіzodichnі committing naybіlsh nebezpechnih rizikіv.

Otzhe for by committing to i rizikіv in reinsurance for issuing legal vіdnosin storіn perestrahuvalnі operatsії podіlyayutsya on takі:

  • fakultativnі;
  • oblіgatornі (dogovіrnі);
  • optional i-oblіgatornі oblіgatorno-fakultativnі (zmіshanі).

Optional method reinsurance harakterizuєtsya Povny liberty storіn treaty reinsurance. Perestrahuvalnik Got the right to send both riziki abo deprive їh on vlasnіy vіdpovіdalnostі and perestrahovik Got right priynyati riziki chi vіdmovitisya od them. When the optional perestrahuvannі cutaneous rizik peredaєtsya okremo. Golovna osoblivіst tsogo method reinsurance polyagaє in mozhlivostі іndivіdualnoї otsіnki riziku.

Optional reinsurance in bagatoh aspects similar to direct strahuvannya, zokrema in fact scho perestrahovik, priymayuchi rizik, Duzhe yogo vivchaє memo, znayomitsya s practice, insurance operatsіy assignor. Tacke memo, retelne vivchennya partner that yogo Got propozitsіy Sens, Yakscho Tse Especially odne s Persha priyman od kompanії-assignor. Prote vivchennya Informácie in such obsyazі potrebuє bagato hour i chimalih admіnіstrativnih vitrat for oboh storіn (perevіrka dokumentіv, vivchennya podrobits schodo rizikіv i t. Іn.).

Perevagi optional method polyagayut chomu y-axis:

  • in mozhlivostі Vibor for kompanії-assignor yakomoga spriyatlivіshih minds reinsurance (rozmіschennya riziku in kіlkoh perestrahuvalnih kompanіyah, vibіr naykraschih propozitsіy);
  • in vikoristannі assignor reinsurance in quiet vipadkah, if vіdpovіdalnіst spravdі Mauger zashkoditi fіnansovіy stіykostі insurers abo if vіn Got rozshiriti his dіyalnіst in sferі nespriyatlivih for Demba strahuvan.

Osoblivіstyu facultative reinsurance Je mozhlivіst regulyuvannya insurer (assignor) rozmіru Vlasnyi utrimannya.

Vlasnyi utrimannya - ekonomіchno obґruntovana Chastina strahovoї Sumi, yak insurance kompaniia zalishaє on svoїy vіdpovіdalnostі. Qiu scrip viznachayut:

  • okremo polіsom of insurance;
  • for one rizikom;
  • GROUP for rizikіv.

Vlasnyi utrimannya vstanovlyuєtsya in absolyutnіy sumі abo have vіdsotkah strahovoї sumi ob'єkta. Folding power for practical reinsurance Je viznachennya chastki riziku, yak slіd zalishati on svoєmu utrimannі. Send both in reinsurance dosit Velika chastku not vigіdno, oskіlki insurer vіdrahovuє i digit Chastain zіbranih him INSURANCE premіy. Vodnochase dosit Visokiy lіmіt Vlasnyi utrimannya vplivaє on fіnansovu stіykіst insurers. No insurer deprivation, and th perestrahovik Got zvazhati on rozmіr Vlasnyi utrimannya. Understated rozmіr Vlasnyi utrimannya insurers not daє perestrahovikovі vpevnenostі schodo of Quality riziku abo dobroporyadnostі insurers when vregulyuvannі zbitkіv in razі nastannya INSURANCE podіy.

Otzhe, viznachennya optimal rozmіru Vlasnyi utrimannya Je vazhlivoyu Lanka organіzatsії reinsurance processes. Tom in bagatoh kraїnah svitu rozmіr Vlasnyi utrimannya reglamentuєtsya zakonodavstvom abo themselves uchasnikami reinsurance.

In Art. 30 Law of Ukraine "On Introduction of Change log prior to the Law of Ukraine" About strahuvannya "" peredbachena vimoga schodo obov'yazkovogo ukladannya treaty reinsurance in addition razі, if insurance scrip for okremim ob'єktom strahuvannya perevischuє 10% sumi splachenogo statutory fund i preformed vіlnih rezervіv that the insurance rezervіv.

Іsnuє bagato teorіy i practicality rekomendatsіy, SSMSC potrіbno vrahovuvati at viznachennі lіmіtu Vlasnyi utrimannya. Rozglyanemo їh.

  • Obsyag premії. Chim bіlshy obsyag zіbranoї premії at Neznachny vіdhilennі od zagalnoї kіlkostі rizikіv, team vischy lіmіt Vlasnyi utrimannya.
  • Serednya dohіdnіst abo serednya zbitkovіst for okremimi views strahuvannya for ob'єktami. Chim vischoyu bude i dohіdnіst nizhchoyu zbitkovіst, team bіlshim Mauger Buti rіven Vlasnyi utrimannya.
  • Rozmіr vitrat of doing right. Yakscho vitrati s Keeping right behind okremimi views strahuvannya dosit velikі, insurer (assignor) under vstanovlennі nizhnoї mezhі Vlasnyi utrimannya Mauger pereklasti bіlshu Chastain Tsikh vitrat on perestrahovikіv.
  • Teritorіalny rozpodіl ob'єktіv are insured. Chim bіlshy rozpodіl Tim bude less then kumulyatsіya zbitkіv i bіlshim mozhna vstanoviti Vlasnyi utrimannya.
  • Kvalіfіkatsіya i practicality dosvіd spetsіalіstіv insurer (assignor). Correct otsіnka riziku, viznachennya maximum mozhlivogo zbitku, vstanovlennya adequate rozmіru komіsії i neobhіdnogo rozmіru committing vplivaє on rozmіr Vlasnyi utrimannya.

For cutaneous mind rizikіv (Group rizikіv) strahovі kompanії skladayut tablitsі lіmіtіv Vlasnyi utriman, SSMSC often koriguyutsya.

Procedure ukladannya perestrahovuvalnogo agreement on fakultativnіy osnovі Taqiy. Spochatku perestrahuvalnik that perestrahovik ukladayut mіzh him Dogovіr about spіvrobіtnitstvo s facultative reinsurance. Tsey dogovіr not mіstit danih about riziki and deprivation viznachaє scheme robot rights that obov'yazki storіn. Pіdpisuyuchi Taku sake, not perestrahovik zobov'yazany priymati riziki od insurers on reinsurance. Optional reinsurance peredbachaє rіshennya perestrahovika in skin okremomu vipadku.

Coley in insurers z'yavlyaєtsya rizik, yaky vіn bazhaє perestrahuvati zgіdno s Agreement about spіvrobіtnitstvo s facultative reinsurance, vіn nadsilaє perestrahovikovі carpet-note.

Carpet note mіstit Taku іnformatsіyu: view strahuvannya; teritorіyu strahuvannya; ob'єkt strahuvannya; Strakhov scrip; premії rate; Vlasnyi utrimannya; premіyu perestrahovika, komіsіyu i t. іn. (Fig. 17.2).

CARPET-NOTA number 750

Date: 20.12.2001 r. Form: fakultativneproportsіyne reinsurance

1. strahuvannya View: Strahuvannya land transport

2. Ob'єkt strahuvannya: auth-l «TOYO T A Landcruіser"

V = 2982, 2000 r. in., 752,738 tehnіchny passport KІS

3. Teritorіya strahuvannya: UKRAINE

4. Strahuvalnik: Tom Bergman

5. insurers: ASK "Zahist"

6. Perestrahovik: ASK "Nova"

7. minds strahuvannya: Strahovі riziki

1, 2, 3 zgіdno s "Rules of the agriculture dobrovіlnogo strahuvannya

zasobіv »№ 47 od 31.01.1996 p.

8. Termіn strahuvannya: 15.12. 2001 p. to 14.12.2002 p.

9. Strahova scrip: 42.000 USD

10. Franchise: accident, stihіynі dashing - 1%, vikradennya - 10%;

11.Vlasne utrimannya: 28,57% - 12.000,0 USD

12. Vіdpovіdalnіst perestrahovika: 23,8% 10.000,0 USD

13. uzgodzheny Rate 7.65%

14. Premia for pererahuvannya perestrahoviku: ekvіvalent 765.0 USD

15. Osoblivі minds:

1. Vіdpovіdalnіst perestrahovika pochinaєtsya i zakіnchuєtsya odnochasno s vіdpovіdalnіstyu insurers.

2. Usі vzaєmorozrahunki mіzh insurers that perestrahovikom conductive in UAH for the NBU rate on the date rozrahunkіv.

insurers Perestrahovik

__________________ ____________________

ASK "Zahist" ASA "Nova"

MP _______ _______ MP

Fig. 17.2. Carpet-note

Pіslya vivchennya Informácie schodo riziku perestrahovik povіdomlyaє insurer (assignor), yak chastku vіn priymaє in the optional reinsurance. Pіdtverdzhennya robitsya by phone, fax abo vіdpravlennyam pіdpisanoї kopії Offers іz zaznachennyam svoєї chastki.

When rozglyadі facultative reinsurance neobhіdno zvernuti uwagi on nedolіki tsogo method:

1) without Zgoda not Mauger perestrahovika perestrahuvalnik zmіniti strahuvannya minds;

2) velikі vitrati s Making optional reinsurance, Especially in razі neodnorazovoї fakultativnoї Offers;

3) Making trivalіst optional reinsurance vplivaє on mozhlivіst ukladannya agreement abo navіt vіdmovi od Demba;

4) vivchennya skin riziku i frequent reinsurance daє Pevnyi іnformatsіyu competitors about anderraytersku polіtiku kompanії-assignor;

5) nemozhlivіst automaticity renovations optional pokrittya.

Front fee in an optional perestrahuvannі vstanovlyuєtsya not regularly. Fakultativnі Treaty reinsurance ukladayutsya on perіod dії origіnalnogo polіsu.

, Optional tsesіya zdіysnyuєtsya access in all Galuzo strahuvannya. Naychastіshe neї to protrude at pokrittі great rizikіv (promislovі pіdpriєmstva, vuzli that aggregates scho toil temple vartіst at Mainova strahuvannі) and takozh at strahuvannі tsivіlnoї vіdpovіdalnostі de strahovі vipadki not poodinokі i bіlsh іmovіrnі.

Zi zrostannyam obsyagu INSURANCE operatsіy Postal require priskoriti mehanіzm committing rizikіv in reinsurance. A tse, in his Cherga, spriyalo poyavі іnshogo method reinsurance, yaky Nadab strahovikovі bіlshih mozhlivostey schodo zdіysnennya strahuvannya, znizhennya yogo vitrat for rizikami. Іdetsya about oblіgatorne (dogovіrne) reinsurance.

Oblіgatorne reinsurance peredbachaє obov'yazkove vіddavannya perestrahuvalnikom ranіshe uzgodzhenoї Chastain riziku for vsіma pokrittyami. Perestrahovik obov'yazkovo takozh Got priymati tsі Chastain rizikіv zgіdno s minds contract.

In dogovorі oblіgatornogo reinsurance obov'yazkovo viznachayutsya lіmіti vіdpovіdalnostі, termіn dії contract perestrahovuvalna Premia, perestrahovuvalna front fee, obmezhennya schodo pokrittya, rozrahunkіv toscho scheme. Reinsurance on oblіgatornіy osnovі Got unіversalny character tobto vikoristovuєtsya access in all kinds strahuvannya, dіє on vsіh INSURANCE Rink svitu. Oblіgatorne reinsurance poshtovh gave up rozvitku tehnіki reinsurance, scho pospriyalo rozroblennyu Sistemi dogovorіv in rіznih Galuzo i strahuvannya kinds.

Oblіgatorne reinsurance daє zmogu zbіlshiti obsyagi INSURANCE operatsіy, zbiraє bіlshu Chastain perestrahovuvalnoї premії in profesіonalnih perestrahovikіv svitu. INSHI perevagi tsogo method polyagayut chomu y-axis:

  • in rіvnomіrnomu rozpodіlі rizikіv (perestrahovik upevneny in fact scho riziki bіlsh yak, so i Mensch spriyatlivі will rozpodіlenі rіvnomіrno);
  • avtomatichnostі priymannya rizikіv, scho uniquely potrebuє Mensch vitrat, pov'yazanih s obrobkoyu rizikіv, skorochennі hour to underwriting;
  • mozhlivostі rozvitku dovgostrokovih vіdnosin mіzh parties;
  • garantії pіdtrimki perestrahovika, yak nadaє bіlshoї Svobody assignor schodo conduct insurance operatsіy, rozshirennya bіznesu.

In oblіgatornomu perestrahuvannі perestrahuvalnik Got systematically visilati perestrahovikovі Border premії i Border zbitki. In this razі vіdpadaє require nadavati dodatkovu іnformatsіyu, scho mill vіdbivaє insurance portfolio assignor. Border premії - tse perelіk rizikіv, SSMSC pіdpadayut pid dіyu oblіgatornogo treaty reinsurance.

Zazvichay Border Premia mіstit takі danі: Room origіnalnogo polіsu; ob'єkta titles are insured; perіod strahuvannya; Strakhov scrip; Vlasnyi utrimannya perestrahuvalnika; chastku perestrahovika; perestrahovuvalnu premіyu.

Stosovno zbitkіv scho steel, perestrahuvalnik nadsilaє perestrahovikovі Border zbitki. Tsei document mіstit Taku іnformatsіyu: Room origіnalnogo polіsu; nastannya zbitku date; detalі poshkodzhennya ob'єkta; Povny zbitok; splacheny zbitok; zarezervovany zbitok i t. іn.

Zauvazhimo against scho oblіgatorne reinsurance not pozbavlene th nedolіkіv. The basic method nedoskonalіst tsogo taka: if rizik, scho pіdlyagaє reinsurance, not pіdpadaє pid minds oblіgatornogo agreement abo insurance scrip for rizikom perevischuє lіmіt vіdpovіdalnostі for contract todі Mauger viniknuti required in dodatkovomu dogovorі facultative reinsurance.

Dogovіr oblіgatornogo reinsurance chastіshe ukladaєtsya on neviznacheny termіn s right vzaєmnogo rozіrvannya Shlyakhov Notification storіn schodo priynyatogo rіshennya. Perestrahoviki bagatoh kraїn nadayut perevagu oblіgatornomu method. In vіtchiznyanomu perestrahuvannі poshirenіshim Je Optional reinsurance, oskіlki oblіgatorna form tehnіchno skladnіsha.

In praktitsі reinsurance іnkoli vikoristovuєtsya poєdnannya metodіv reinsurance, as the title of facultative reinsurance oblіgatorne i-oblіgatorno Optional reinsurance.

In razі facultative reinsurance oblіgatornogo kompaniia-chi assignor peredaє zalishaє a riziki abo їh Chastain. Perestrahovik zgіdno s this method reinsurance zobov'yazany priynyati obumovlenі riziki contract. Otzhe, fakultativnіst peredbachaєtsya for insurer (assignor) and oblіgatornіst - for perestrahovika.

Zrozumіlo scho perestrahovik, yaky ukladaє facultative oblіgatorny dogovіr, Got Povny mіroyu dovіryati kompanії-assignor oskіlki yogo Interests that zbalansovanіst portfolio stale od perestrahuvalnika. Tom perestrahovik zavzhdi zatsіkavleny not have optional-oblіgatornomu dogovorі, vіddayuchi perevagu zvichaynіy fakultativnіy tsesії, yak daє Yomou zmogu vsebіchno proanalіzuvati cutaneous rizik.

Facultative reinsurance oblіgatorne vikoristovuєtsya in Especially great, nebezpechnih rizikah have razі mozhlivoї kumulyatsії zbitkіv, if vicherpana mіstkіst proportsіynih dogovorіv.

Oblіgatorno-Optional reinsurance, navpaki, peredbachaє obov'yazkovіst for insurers and fakultativnіst - for perestrahovika. W look around to svіtovy dosvіd takі Treaty chastіshe zastosovuyut strahovі kompanії Zi svoїmi fіlіyami. For oblіgatorno-Optional contract perestrahovikovі nadaєtsya mozhlivіst vіdbirati vigіdnіshі riziki scho Square nebazhano for insurer (assignor), oskіlki Mauger porushiti yogo balance of the insurance portfolio.