Legal encyclopedia. Letter B

WATER FUND

- the totality of water bodies within the territory of the Russian Federation included or to be included in the state water cadastre.

The main feature of the water fund is the physico-geographical, hydrometric

Condition of water bodies.

In accordance with it, there are:

1) surface water bodies;

2) internal sea water;

3) the territorial sea of ​​the Russian Federation;

4) underground water bodies. Surface water bodies - permanent

Or temporary concentration of water on the land surface in the forms of its relief, which has boundaries, volume and features of the water regime.

They consist of surface waters, bottoms and shores.

Surface water bodies are of multifunctional value and can be provided for use for one or

Multiple goals simultaneously.

Surface water bodies

Subdivided into:

1) surface watercourses and reservoirs on them;

2) surface water bodies;

3) glaciers and snowfields.

Surface watercourses are surface water bodies whose waters are in a state of continuous movement.

Surface watercourses include rivers and reservoirs on them, streams, inter-basin re-distribution channels and integrated use of water resources.

Surface water bodies are surface water bodies whose waters are in a state of slow water exchange.

Surface water bodies include lakes, reservoirs, swamps and ponds.

Separate water bodies belong to real estate and are an integral part of the land plot. The provisions of the water legislation of the Russian Federation are applied to isolated water bodies to the extent that this does not contradict civil legislation.

Owners, owners and users

Land plots adjacent to surface water bodies can use water bodies only for their own needs to the extent that it does not violate the rights and legitimate interests of others, should not prevent the use of water bodies and their shores for the organization of navigation and other needs, Except for cases provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Glaciers are moving natural accumulations of ice of atmospheric origin on the earth's surface.

Snowdrops are immovable natural accumulations of snow and ice that persist on the earth's surface during the entire warm season or part of it.

Inland sea waters include seawater, located in the direction of the shore from the baselines adopted to read the width of the territorial sea of ​​the Russian Federation.

The territorial sea of ​​the Russian Federation includes coastal sea waters with a width of 12 nautical miles, measured in accordance with the norms of international law and the legislation of the Russian Federation.

The order of use and protection of internal

Sea waters is provided by the Law "On internal sea waters, the territorial sea and the contiguous zone of the Russian Federation".

The coastline of inland sea waters and the territorial sea of ​​the Russian Federation is determined from the constant water level, and in the case of a periodic change in the water level, along the line of maximum outflow.

The coastal strip is the territory adjacent to the inland sea waters and the territorial sea of ​​the Russian Federation.

The procedure for establishing the boundaries of the coastal strip and the regime for its use are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Underground water objects - the concentration of water in hydraulically bound waters in rocks, which has boundaries, volume and features of the water regime.

Underground water bodies are:

1) aquifer - waters concentrated in cracks and voids of rocks and in hydraulic communication;

2) groundwater basin - a set of aquifers located in the bowels;

3) the groundwater deposit is part of the aquifer, within which

There are favorable conditions for the extraction of groundwater;

4) natural outlet of groundwater - the release of groundwater on land or under water.

All water bodies in the territory of the Russian Federation, with the exception of the territorial sea of ​​the Russian Federation, are internal waters.

Surface and underground water bodies that signify cross the border between two or more foreign states or through which the state border of the Russian Federation runs are transboundary (boundary) water bodies.

Water objects of general use are water objects that are in public, open use.

General water use is carried out on water bodies in the manner established by this Code.

Water objects that are in state ownership, as well as isolated water objects that are in municipal ownership, are water objects of general use, if in water protection, environmental or other

Interests of the legislation of the Russian Federation does not provide otherwise.

Separate water bodies that are owned by citizens or legal entities can be used as water objects of public use in the established manner only under conditions of registration of this restriction of ownership of separate water bodies in a single state register and payment of compensation to the owner.

Water objects, which can be used by a limited number of persons, are recognized as water bodies that are not in common use. A strip of land along the shores of water bodies of general use (shoreline) is intended for general use. Everyone has the right (without the use of transport) to use the towpath for movement and stay at the water body of general use, including fishing and berthing of swimming equipment. The width of the shoreline can not exceed 20 m.

Water objects of special use are water bodies, which are used by a limited number of persons. The provision of water bodies for special use is carried out in accordance with the procedure established by this Code.

The provision of water bodies for special use excludes them from among the water bodies of general use.

Surface water objects are the permanent or temporary concentration of water on the land surface in the forms of its relief, which has boundaries, volume and features of the water regime.

Surface water bodies are surface water bodies whose waters are in a state of slow water exchange.

Surface water bodies include lakes, reservoirs, swamps and ponds.

Separate water bodies belong to real estate and are an integral part of the land plot. The provisions of the water legislation of the Russian Federation are applied to isolated water bodies to the extent that this does not contradict civil legislation.