The economics of agrarian applications - Andriychuk V.G.

4.4. The etapi of agrarian reform and the agrarian policy of the rink type

Agrarian reform is the main warehouse - land reform - rozpochalisya in our territory from 1991 p. Їh cephalic meta - stvoriti neobhіdnі ekonomіchnі that polіtichnі minds for formuvannya in agricultural sektorі rinkovogo seredovischa i appeared on zemlі real vlasnika - Ruler, spromozhnogo anew, ratsіonalno organіzuvati Keeping sіlskogospodarskogo virobnitstva, zabezpechiti yogo temple efektivnіst that carry Povny vіdpovіdalnіst gospodaryuvannya for the results.

I see three main stages of agrarian reform in Ukraine . On the first of them, naybіlsh collapsible і довготриваломуму, it was put zavdannja zaprannja agroformvаn a new type, заснованих on privatnій власності on the ground and майно. Є pіддстави вважати, що розпочався цей етап переперення колишніх колгоспів * 2 у колективні sільськогосподиські підприємства ( КСП ) by паювання їх майна, and згодом - і землі.

* 2: {Colgospi vinikli vasledodok raznolnitskoi kolektivizak yak kolektivnyh gospodarstva, ale, on suti, stinks such nikoly not boules. 3 of the first days of its own сsnuvannya kolgoszi buli "oderzhavleni", not mayuchi gospodarskoi samostіnostі ni v organizatsii vibrobytsntva, nі in rozpodіlі produktsii і іoderzhannyh zdorovіv.}

At transformations of kolgospiv at the PCB, the post office of the governor of the post office was put in charge of the sylkosporarskih pratsivniki in the form of reforming the declaration of authority. As a result of this reform, the practivniki became the rulers of the pivot section of the mine of pidpriemstva, the rozmіr of the alleged lie behind the magnitude of the labor inscription of the skinhead - pratsyuchyogo i nepratsyuyuchogo (pensioner). The clerk of the Mine Pai at the entrance to the warehouse of the MPS Mav right to draw the Mayniy Pai in a naturou chi penny, pass the yogo to the breakdowns abo and sell. Same for a fundamental understanding - personal (hoch and formal) vlasnі - ііідізнялися КСП від колисіх колгоспів. Із прийняттям Decree of the President of Ukraine from 8 серпня 1995 р. "On the order of the patch of land, transferring from the collective power of the Syl'skopodarskih pidpriemstv i iz organizatsiy" the dwelling member of the KSP buv naliveniya i zemelnoy pokojkomu (pаmе). This is the rank, and in the land invoices of the buisness of events, the important Croke before the appearance of a proper ruler on earth.

Prote KSP hoch Істотно і відізнялися від number of kolgospіs for maynoviі and land vіdnosinami, all the fetuses, yak z'yasuvalosya, objectively buly can not adapt to the people of the state in the middle of the world. The members of the PCB, being overgrown Maynovi and land shares, did not intend to do it themselves with proper authorities. Collective, formally personified vysnnist rodzhualvala і kolektivnu bezvidpodalnist. The KSP does not have internal organizational structure or economic mechanism. Зміни торкулися лише частково перерозподілу кінцевих результатів. Paiyuvannya lyna і zemelі became a form of існування колективної власності, яка нічого немає спільного із справжньою кооперативнон власністю. Tom PCB through Collective upravlіnnya іz zapіznennyam reaguvali on zmіni in zovnіshnomu seredovischі and vіdmova powers vtruchatisya in їh gospodarsku dіyalnіst porodzhuvala svavіllya kerіvnikіv PCB in priynyattі rіshen, SSMSC nerіdko what i priymalisya, dwellers zadovolniti їh іnteres NKVD. All tse called for the repression of work and technology, discredit, and in the past factors, they reduced the economic crisis, zymovil іstotny recession vibrobitvtva yogo zbitkosti. Tom obektivno zatrіla neobhідність at реструктуризації PCB in new forms of the banking type.

All slid sign, but the PCB have played their positive role. Wongs became more valuable progressive krok in evoluticheskii kolektivnoi vlasnosti to takoї stadії її rozvitku, yaka gave zmugu bezbolisno to pass from the collectivized to the private form of authority to the order of new organizational forms of state dignity in the countryside. Tell me tell you, since the pinnacle of the mine and the earth has already sprung from the very back of the line, and has become a village farmer. Ajse member of the PCB, a kind of playing farmerske gosdarstvo, vyhodiv of the PCB and collecting the main and the land share, scho stvolovalo kraschi startovi umovi for vedennya vlasy vibrobitvtva.

Слід зазначити, sch о реструктуризація КСП у формаі реорганізації почалася в середині 90-х років spontaneously, yak reaktsіya peasants on the lowest level of the efficiency of the vibrobitvtva in the intervening tіеї оргаізаціноної form state darling. On the basis of the bases there were vinikati rizni ty of gospodarskih comrades and farmers' states. Prote scales of such peredvoren boli not significant and did not meet the needs of the vibrobitvita. Tomu 3 грудня 1999 р. Buv priyonyatii Decree of the President of Ukraine "About the inadvertent come in with the rapid acceleration of the reform of the agricultural sector of the economy," which reformed the extension of the year 1999 - quarter 2000 p. Kolektivnyi sіl'skogoospodarkіі підприємства в нові оргаізаційні form of the state darling of the rink type, yakі functііонутьть on ambushes of private ownership on the land ta mayo. Vsіm members of the PCB right zabezpechuvalosya vіlnogo vihodu s Tsikh of companies іz land chastkami (shares) i Mainova shares that stvorennya on їh osnovі Private (private-orendnih) of companies, Selyanske (fermerskih) Gospodarstwa, gospodarskih tovaristv, sіlskogospodarskih kooperativіv, іnshih sub'єktіv gospodaryuvannya, Заснованих на приватній власності.

Privatnі pідприємства, що виникли on the basis of the reform of the PCB, zobov'yazavalisya ukladati obyadati rendezvous land parcels and majnova payu zhalisniki ciq paiv with vipplatoyu oprandnoi payi na zakonnyi ot groshovіy formi. It is important, by the Decree, a minimum payment for a land plot (share) in a rozmіrі not less than one відсотка вартості орендованої землі is established. During the restructuring of the KSP, zaberezhenia, per mozvolostі, tsіlіsnostі gospodarskogo vicaristan by private formations of the land of the lion of columbian PCBs through perichannism of orendi perebachalosya. Gromadyanam, yaki muyut land share, nadano right priednuvati vidilenu ім naturu zapadnu dіlyanku up to the vernacious special individual state without the strictness of juridical person. Not mensh important є y te t, sho selyans'kim (farmer) gosdarstvam, Gromadyans nadana mozhilіst vylnogo vikupu zemnykh dіlyanok, nadanih іm u koristuvannya (ponad normu, yaka privatizuetsya bezkoshtovno) for tsіnoju, not lower viznachenoї in the established order of the penny's land.

As a result of the practical implementation of the guessed decree, the boule was reformed and the legal status of 10,833 PCBs was reformed. On їх bases in 2000 r. The number of land plots in the country was 14,241 new privately agroformed (14,341: 10,833 = 1.3), including 1,254 (8.8%), privately owned (privately-owned) 2901 (20.4% ), Gosdar comrades (6723 (47.5%), Silesian volunteer co-operative societies - 3325 (23.3%) are more important than comrades with obedovaniyu vidpodalnistyu. Vazhlivo takozh і te, scho 7434 novostvorenyh pіdpriєmstva zberegli zemnennі mashivi kolishnіh KSP, and otzhe, matimut zmogu koristatisya positively dієyu factor scales vibrobitvtva. In the onset of 2001-2002, the rock industry reformed agrarian pidpriuzhivasya, nasampered through peredvorennya some types of privatnyh pіdpriemstv in інші, podalshogo zostannya kіlkostі selyanskih (farmer) gosdarstv.

Pokazanі підприємства, по суті, і підприємствами ринкового type. The first stage of the agrarian reform was completed in the third line, the cardinal changes were reversed in the land, the social reforms, the prichom without any hospitality of conflicts in the countryside. It is obvious that such reform is socially correct. Ajei, 6.4 million peasants became the holders of land shares, the middle peasants of some of them grow in Ukraine 4.2 ha, but they will be replaced by the middle peasants of farmer states in the active regions (for example, at Gretsi). Rozroblenі takozh mehanіzmi real zakrіplennya vlasnostі the ground for villagers through okremimi zamіnu sertifіkatіv chastku to land (share) on the right Derzhavnі acti privatnoї vlasnostі to the ground, and takozh through stvorennya mehanіzmu orendnih land vіdnosin, odnієyu s klyuchovih lanok yakih Je obov'yazkovіst viplati orendaryami Minimalniy rent payment to the holders of land shares. Already in 2000 r. More than 90% of the land shares of the buli zdani in the lease and the may of 200 tys. Їх приєднані до підсобного себистого годарства селян.

All slid sign, but the main pidsumkom the first stage of the agrarian reform є stanovlenya (hoch and not before the completion) of the real estate agent. Tse v chergo igrozhuje novij type vidpodalnost'i sub'ektiv gosdarjuvannya for kintsevі resulty godararskoi dіyalnі - vіdpovіdal'nosti vlasnistyu, yaka sponuka їh up vedennya vibrochnitsva viklychno na pributkovі y basi.

It is important to zabruti respect and on the offensive. Світовий досвід переконує в доцільності розвитку різноманітних forms welcome to the village . Tom curriculum in the Ukraine of different types of private pimples is the stimulating factor for the sylcospodarak vibrobitvita pidnesennya. Vodnochas practice diyalostі agrarnikh formvan kraine z zavivnitoyu rinkovoi ekonomikoyu takozh zasvidchuyu, sho dinamichnyi rozvitok syl'skogoospodarsky vibrobitvtva mozhlivyy for izovi zubezpechenchenya realy ekonomichnoy rivnopravnosti all forms of power and forms of state darling. The aim of the principle is the moment, the secrecy of the right to compete, the economical zmagannya (competitiveness), the imposition, the annealing, the acceleration of the accelerations of the rods, the quiet forms of the state dignitaries, the yikis viyavilisya zhitestezdatniami. The agrarian reform, which is organized in Ukraine, is straightened out by Sama himself for the protection of the new rights and opportunities for all the socialist goods goods. Vodnochas Sylskim laborers of the state and nadal guarantee the freedom of the forms of state dignity in the rural areas, stimulativatim submissive competition, adaptive nature of agrarian pidpriemstv up to zmіni rinkovogo sredovischa.

The main tasks of another stage of agrarian reform are shaping the agrarian market. The parrots of this group began to form the first hour of the first stage of the agrarian reform, if the agrarians began to talk steadily, and the agrarians gained economic freedom from poverty in the wilderness of the virgin production and the establishment of the market. The infrastructure of the agrarian rink (yak sukupnist agroservisnoi infrastrukturi and infrastrukturi food rinku) was ennobled in zarodkovomu stenni. Керівники КСП not були заинтересовані в прозорості ринку. Tse became one of the reasons for the development of a barter, a kind of poglubivav disparity tsin. Otzhe, potrybnyi buli cardinal come in with an accelerated acceleration of the form of the infrastructure of the agrarian rink. Aje novostvorenі privatnі pіdpriєmstva zaіnteresovanі in good organіzovanomu Prozorov market analysis, more tse daє їm mozhlivіst realіzuvati his produktsіyu i zakupiti neobhіdnі resources for naybіlsh vigіdnimi tsіnami, vіdchuvati їh dinamіku, stezhiti for Rukh obsyagu sale i vіdshukovuvati naybіlsh priynyatnі s pozitsії ekonomіchnoї Vigoda channeling zbutu i pridbannya tovarіv .

By the method of securing the daily agrarian rink , which has been imbibed in bi by finding the criteria for the economy of the economy, and the buoying of decisions. Decree of the President of Ukraine for 6 chernivya 2000 p. "About come in with the help of the form and function of the agrarian market." Same yogo priinyattyam another stage of agrarian reform, nabuv real obrysiv. Zokrema in Ukazі peredbachenі come in schodo stvorennya abo vdoskonalennya dіyalnostі low іnstitutіv agricultural market analysis: population in cutaneous punktі - MEREZHI punktіv zagotіvlі sіlskogospodarskoї produktsії, credit spіlok, sіlskogospodarskih obslugovuyuchih kooperativіv, torgovelnih tochok s realіzatsії villagers Welcome, otrutohіmіkatіv, spare Chastain that іnshih resursіv; At the leather district - trading houses, wholesale-rozdrybnyh shopіv фірмової торгівлі підприємств - виробників ресурсів на селі. Same system of trading houses with food agrarians birzhami makut otektivno viznachati tsinu on sylskogosdodar product. In the oblast centers and cities in populated areas there are 100 thousand yew. Cholovіk pobobacheno стренрення мережі підприємств, schо здійснють wholesale trade сільськогосподарською продукцією (wholesale-food rinki, postійно діючі fairs-vistavki, aktsіoni zhizni ichnibi тощо).

It is important, that commodity flows were sent through the agriculture agricultural market. For the whole, the system of economical vazhelіv for the rectification of the syl'skogoospodarskoi products and promises of resources on birzhi, in the trade of the house, the wholesale distribution of the goods and services of the enterprises, is required. Takі vazhelyi povinni stimuljuvati agrarnikh raskovirovnikiiv realizovati its product through the prozory of agrarian rinks.

The main tasks of the third stage - the financial health of the agrarian enterprises and the protection of the economical income - income. The parrots of this world have to take the cob in the 90's. So, the state repeatedly wrote off the boroughs of the Silesian volunteers' goods, the boules adopted the normative actives on milking the vibrodit's milk and milk, and so did the agricultural subsidies for the production of MPEs for other types of commodity products; Introduced fіksovany sіlskogospodarskiy podatok, zavdyaki chоm іstotno zmenshivsya podatkovyi tisk on agrarian goods distributors. Prote in the minds of the admissibility of a real ruler in the countryside and the progres- sion of the agrarian market for the purpose of financing the stabilization of agrarian settlements, the bulo is inconceivable. Teper for rozv'yazannya tієї arhіvazhlivoї problems with the wits of realizing the first two stages of the agrarian reform of the real world. Vazhlivet znachennya fінансової стабілізації має прийняття new Land Code, introduced the credit of agrarian pідприємств та інші заходи. Bilsh in detail to the problems of financial well-being of agrarian pi-pri-opportunities in public.