Legal Encyclopedia. The letter P

PROFESSION

(From the Latin sic mc ^ -. "Hobby, specialty") - kind of work, for the occupation which requires a set of special theoretical knowledge and practical skills acquired as a result of training and work experience.

Contents P. determined by the content of skills related to the nature of the process of labor, tools, objects, and working conditions.

Each AP occupies a niche in the division of labor, which has an impact on scientific and technical progress.

At the stage of domestic production of AP was stable and slowly changing for a long time, skills were passed in the course of joint work, often within the same family or through apprenticeship method of individual apprenticeship.

The industrialization of production, mass ext edrene machines in production was accompanied by a change in the professional

the division of labor and the need for certain professions in society - the disappearance of many P. artisan nature, the emergence of new IP-related knowledge-intensive large-scale machine production. This led to the need for training of workers and their training.

Since the second half of the XIX century. Europe began to develop a system of vocational training of workers specialties. In European countries, the transition to a new technological mode of production (the transition from the comprehensive mechanization of the complete automation of production) leads to an acceleration in the development of the professional division of labor. In these circumstances, there is a replacement of the existing kinds of jobs with new ones.

In general complication of the content of the employment relationship has tended to complicate the professional division.

Another trend is the increase in educational professionalnyhtrebovany in all areas of production. Sharply increased demand not only general education but also in the high vocational training, creativity, responsibility, etc.

The significance of career guidance and

recruitment. Go up to the demands of employers and the training level of applicants for the job.

In developed countries, developed professional standards for employees in order to determine the necessary level of education, methods of selection, training and retraining.