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Istoria ekonomіchnih scientists - Kornіychuk LY

Rozdіl XII. Keynesian economics TA Yogo OSOBLIVOSTІV RІZNIH KRAЇNAH

Suchasna zahidna ekonomichna teoriya harakterizuєtsya neodnorіdnіstyu, nayavnіstyu bagatoh napryamkіv, shkіl, techіy. Such rіznomanіtnіst Je naslіdkom peredovsіm rozbіzhnostey in viznachennі subject doslіdzhennya th theoreticity traktuvannya ekonomіchnih yavisch, vivchennya method, mainly z'yasuvannya sposobіv vplivu on sotsіalno-ekonomіchnі processes that rolі powers have їh zdіysnennі.

In suchasnіy ekonomіchnіy teorії viokremlyuyut three osnovnі napryamki: neoklasichny, Keynesian economics is the іnstitutsіonalno-sotsіalny.

The basis of the principle of neoklasichnogo napryamku very hard nevtruchannya powers in ekonomіku. Prihilniki tsogo napryamku vvazhayut scho Vilna rinkova ekonomіka ( "doskonaly" rinok) without whether yakogo zovnіshnogo vtruchannya dosyagaє efektivnoї alokatsії resursіv. Mozhlivіst vіlnogo entered into obmіnnі vіdnosini zabezpechuє dosyagnennya on market analysis will rіvnovagi, tobto takoї situatsії, if for іsnuyuchih in cutaneous specific moment magnitude tsіn popitu on skin іz stvoryuvanih in ekonomіtsі tovarіv dorіvnyuє velichinі yogo Offers. Tsya rіvnovaga harakterizuєtsya tim, scho s zhoden agentіv not Mauger vigrati in rezultatі novih obmіnnih operatsіy. Saying to Іnakshe on competitive market analysis in povnіy mіrі realіzuєtsya potentsіal vіdnosin vіlnogo obmіnu i kіntseva rinkova rіvnovaga Je efektivnosti. Well Vtruchannya powers have vіdnosini scho formuyutsya on zasadі vіlnoї rinkovoї vzaєmodії ekonomіchnih sub'єktіv, Mauger sprichiniti rіvnovagi torn down, znizhennya ekonomіchnoї efektivnostі. Tom neoklasiki vistupayut freedom of private pіdpriєmnitstva, rinkovih forces.

Ob'єktom doslіdzhennya in neoklasichnіy modelі Je rinok, rinkova ekonomіka, and її static model, yak rozglyadaєtsya on rіvnі vzaєmodії okremih spozhivachіv that fіrm (as titles mіkroekonomіchny analіz). In tsіy modelі peredbachaєtsya scho іndivіdi povodyat currently ratsіonalno i pragnut maksimіzatsії Vlasnyi DOBROBUT and metoyu fіrm maksimіzatsіya pributku Yea, and i fіrmi, i іndivіdi mozhut not whether yakih pereshkod vstupati one s one in rіznі ekonomіchnі vіdnosini. Fundamental basis neoklasichnogo napryamku Je teorіya granichnoї korisnostі that granichnoї produktivnostі. Їhnіmi authors target solіdny ically mathematical іnstrumentarіy, yaky s uspіhom vikoristovuєtsya for kіlkіsnogo analіzu ekonomіchnih yavisch.

Neoklasichna teorіya panuvala in zahіdnіy ekonomіchnіy dumtsі naprikіntsі XIX is the cob XX century. At the same hour Tsei zarodzhuєtsya іnstitutsіonalіzm, prihilniki yakogo based doslіdzhennya take pozaekonomіchnі factors.