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Istoria ekonomіchnih scientists - Kornіychuk LY

Teorіya monopolіstichnoї konkurentsії E. Chemberlіna

Edward Heystіngs Chemberlіn (1899-1967) narodivsya shtatі in Washington have rodinі pastor. Otrimav osvіtu in unіversitetah Ayoví that Mіchіganu. Doktorsku disertatsіyu, prisvyachenu problems monopolіstichnoї konkurentsії, Zahist 1927 p. in Garvardі. Pіslya Zahist disertatsії zalishivsya on vikladatskіy robotі.

1939 r. Chemberlіna obirayut head vіddіlennya ekonomіchnoї teorії Garvardskogo unіversitetu, de yogo pid kerіvnitstvom pratsyuyut takі vidatnі vchenі, yak Leontєv V., E. Hansen, Joseph Schumpeter. W 1948 r. - Vіn bunt editor garvardskogo "ekonomіchnogo Quarterly magazine." 1965 p. Chemberlіna paying Poczesna member amerikanskoї ekonomіchnoї asotsіatsії. Vіn author bagatoh knizhok s teoretichnoї Economy, Praca The basic ale, scho yogo Zroby vsesvіtno vіdomim - tse "Teorіya monopolіstichnoї konkurentsії" yak perevidavalasya bagato razіv.

Provіdna іdeya ekonomіchnoї teorії E. Chemberlіna polyagaє in tіm, scho in protsesі monopolіzatsії virobnitstva vinikaє basis yavische not vlastive rinkovim situatsіyam chistoї konkurentsії that chistoї monopolії. Vono Je result synthesis Tsikh situatsіy i porodzhuє monopolіstichnu konkurentsіyu, yak vіdrіznyaєtsya od already vіdomih forms tim, scho daє mozhlivіst kontrolyuvati propozitsіyu yak, so i popit.

Chemberlіn rozglyadaє monopolіyu traditsіyno, yak rinkovu situatsіyu scho daє zmogu monopoly prodavtsevі (chi pokuptsyu) kontrolyuvati propozitsіyu product i note by viznachati on Demba tsіnu, todі yak minds of chistoї konkurentsії Taqiy control viklyuchaєtsya. However vіn zvernuv uwagi to those scho for Pevnyi minds control viklyuchaєtsya th todі, if іsnuє monopolіya have furrows yakoї virobniki stvoryuyut іdentichny goods prodayutsya i yogo on іdentichnomu market analysis for povnoї standartizatsії poslug, tovarіv, popitu, prodavtsіv.

Chemberlіn buduє model for Relief yakoї analіzuє dії Square prodavtsіv odnorіdnogo product. Vіn zaznachaє scho pіdstavoyu for vstanovlennya їhnoї monopolії stayut diferentsіatsії Find our product: vinyatkovі yakіsnі product characteristics; Brand fіrmi; Especially packaging; mіstseznahodzhennya fіrmi; osoblivі FORMS obslugovuvannya; advertising, scho pіdkreslyuє vinyatkovіst product.

Situatsіya for yakoї monopolіya not zabezpechuє Povny kontrolyuvannya market analysis on yogo Dumka, poyasnyuєtsya konkurentsієyu mіzh virobnikami rіznih modifіkatsіy odnoymennogo product generally produces to scho Yogo Yogo diferentsіatsії i peretvorennya vlasnikіv on monopolіstіv. Tse did not viklyuchaє "zavershenoї monopolії" on yakiys rіznovid product, ale Vlad takoї monopolії poshiryuvatimetsya not all colo tovarіv tsієї groupies, obmezhuyuchis deprivation okremim item. Yak result vinikaє Especially form protistoyannya - monopolіstichna konkurentsіya, scho Got to metі sformuvati Vlasnyi colo spozhivachіv.

Otzhe, monopolіstichna konkurentsіya at Dumka Chemberlіna - konkurentsіya Tse scho so vіdpovіdaє vimogam: Quantity prodavtsіv odnorіdnogo product Je dostatno great, dwellers їhnya Ekonomichna dіyalnіst not cope Especially vplivu on іnshih konkurentіv on vіdmіnu od nedoskonaloї konkurentsії not zachіpala їhnіh ekonomіchnih іnteresіv; product i spravdі yakіsno rіznorіdny, diferentsіyovany, i pokupets Mauger vіlno vibrato specific seller; whether hto Got right bezpereshkodno viroblyati goods danoї groupies, rinok not Closed-Je.

For such obstavin Leather Seller keruєtsya deprivation Vlasnyi korislivimi motifs i myself priymaє rіshennya schodo obsyagіv virobnitstva that tsіn for goods Chi Hotel. W іnshogo side on Suchasnyj Rinku proponuєtsya neskіnchenna Quantity vidіv odnorіdnogo product, ale cutaneous pokupets vibiraє, yak usually tіlki one yogo rіznovid fallow od of Quality, privablivostі packaging, brand fіrmi, vpravnoї advertisements Vlasnyi upodoban that will "vlasnoї kishenі". Vinikaє vzaєmna zalezhnіst Seller th pokuptsya on yakіy gruntuєtsya monopolіya this genus.

Monopolіya "ulyublenih" tovarіv, SSMSC Shvydko rozkupovuyut, pіdvischuє konkurentsіyu on market analysis, spriyaє rozvitku diferentsіyovanih rinkіv. Tsі markets Agricultural Art odnorіdnogo product zlivayutsya not one, yak tse buvaє in razі doskonaloї konkurentsії and utvoryuyut trammel vzaєmozv'yazanih rinkіv okremih prodavtsіv. On dermal s are prodavtsі mozhut manіpulyuvati tsіnoyu, yak monopolіsti, ale taka monopolіya not znizhuє konkurentsії.

Otzhe, Yakscho product i rinok diferentsіyovano - Leather Seller odnochasno Yea i th monopolіstom competitor. Peredumovoyu such poєdnannya dvoh protilezhnih began Je volodіnnya "diferentsіyovanim product" (monopolіya) i Key infrastructure zamіnnikіv "substitutіv" (pіdriv monopolії, zagostrennya konkurentsії). "Skrіz de іsnuє diferentsіatsіya, Leather Seller volodіє absolutely monopolієyu on Vlasnyi product ale vodnochase zaznaє konkurentsії s side bіlsh-Mensch nedoskonalih zamіnnikіv. Oskіlki Leather Je monopolіstom i all the same Got konkurentіv, the E maєmo govorito right about them, yak about konkuruyuchih monopolіstіv "* 6 - zauvazhuє Chemberlіn.

* 6: {Chamberlin E. titles. tv., p.41.}

Find our diferentsіatsії Je rіznorіdnіst navіt odnoymennih tovarіv rіznih virobnikіv, zavdyaki chomu Username Lost Password vіddayut perevagu yakomus specific product. Ale Chemberlіn nagoloshuє, scho tsya rіznorіdnіst Mauger Buti yak real, i uyavnoyu, Hoch won the first sama pokladaєtsya based klasifіkatsії chinnikіv scho zmіnyuyut form konkurentnoї Borotba, peretvoryuyut її on monopolіstichnu konkurentsіyu.

Chemberlіn analіzuє three napryamki monopolіstichnoї konkurentsії: tsіnovy (manіpulyuvannya tsіnami) netsіnovy (Adding yakіsnih for Change in the product) i of advertising.