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Istoria ekonomіchnih scientists - Kornіychuk LY

4. Rozvitok ekonomіchnoї teorії in Ukraїnі in Radyans'ka perіod

Pіslyazhovtnevy rozvitok ekonomіchnoї teorії in Ukraїnі poznacheny timey themselves risami, scho th rozvitok usієї ekonomіchnoї pillows. Tse rozkvіt of 20's to the 30 Ti Rocky zanepad, pochinayuchi of 30's to 60-Ti, short perіod Renaissance in the 60 Ti is the crisis 70-80 i znovu perіod Renaissance, scho s rozpochinaєtsya Druha half 80- x pp.

In the 20's pp. in Ukraїnі de rozvitok ekonomіchnoї science vіdobrazhav tsivіlіzatsіynі osoblivostі natsіonalnoї Economy (zokrema company profile Selyanske Gospodarstwa, Does Not Bula pritamanna "obschinnіst" i yak on the Spirals Sotho Private іnteres) lenіnska programa pobudovi sovereign sotsіalіzmu not znayshla pіdtrimki.

Especially Tse stosuєtsya Agrarian її Chastain. Bіlshovitska agrarian reform lands peredbachala zrіvnyalny peredіl s transmission їh villagers for negaynogo stvorennya іnshih Común is the co-operative form. Tsі іdeї propaguvali Gamarnik J., V. Chubar, D. Manuїlsky, Shlіhter O., J. Yakovlєv.

In robіtnichih kolah taka programa TER znahodila rozumіnnya. Ale kіlka partіy, Sered them USDRP, has acted proti bіlshovitskoї kontseptsії. Lіderi sotsіal-demokratichnoї partії Vynnychenko, Vladimir Sadovsky, I. Lizanіvsky and takozh lіderi "borotbistіv" Blakytny B., A. Shumsky that INSHI vkazuvali to those scho for sotsіalіstichnih peretvoren not naspіv hour - no target virobnitstvo, yak could b zabezpechiti minds sotsіalіstichnogo rozpodіlu.

Sche naperedodnі Zhovtnevyy podіy about tse wrote M. Tugan-Baranovsky, nagoloshuyuchi in svoїy pratsі "Sotsіalіzm yak vchennya positively" to the fact scho minds for sotsіalіzmu stvoriti Mauger deprivation rinkovy mehanіzm, yaky bere on itself OAO All funktsії s regulyuvannya suspіlnih require that uzgodzhuє popit propozitsіyu. Vіn ukazuvav scho sotsіalіzm, yaky Come on zmіnu nerozvinenomu kapіtalіzmovі, prirecheny to dictate that suspіlnі zlidnі.

Kritikuyuchi programa bіlshovikіv, M. Tugan-Baranovsky, V. Kosinsky, K. roach that INSHI vistupali proti natsіonalіzatsії, scho on їhnyu Dumka, prizvede to bіlshoї anarhії, nіzh kapіtalіzm, oskіlki nemozhlivo stvoriti Taqiy aparata, yaky bude spromozhny zamіniti samoregulyuyuchu power market analysis .

Pong zvertali i uwagi to those scho Private іnteres Je rushіynoyu power rozvitku and natsіonalіzatsіya one smut, kolektivіzm in zemlerobstvі, prizvedut vіdmirannya to natural forces, SSMSC not shaping can Buti zamіnenі vmіnnyam will of that people.

1918 p. Bulo target Ukraїnsku Akademіyu Sciences, de M. Tugan-Baranovsky ocholiv sotsіalno-ekonomіchny vіddіl.

Vіn respected for neobhіdne, dwellers for vivchennya zakonomіrnostey rozvitku suspіlstva Provadia doslіdzhennya in the Branch sotsіologії, statistics teoretichnoї ekonomії i napolyagav applied to such harakterі schodo okremih Galuzo an area ekonomіchnogo Zhittya.

Yogo іnіtsіativi H 1918 p. Bulo target Іnstitut ekonomіchnoї kon'yunkturi (vіn yogo becoming director of the Perche), yaky MAV on metі Venue of ekonomіchnih doslіdzhen zakonomіrnostey suspіlnogo rozvitku that opratsyuvannya rekomendatsіy schodo sotsіalno-ekonomіchnogo stimulyuvannya. Pіslya smertі Tugan-Baranovskogo 1919 p. іnstitut ocholiv M. Ptukha and Zgoda - K. roach, R. Orzhentsky.

Rekomendatsії tsogo іnstitutu bazuvalis on dosyagnennyah svіtovoї ekonomіchnoї pillows in the Branch ekonomіchnoї teorії i spochatku boule spryamovanі proti ekonomіchnoї prog bіlshovizmu on rozrobku plan samostіynogo rozvitku Ukraine (stvorennya ukraїnskoї kooperatsії, vlasnoї currency that іn.), And Zgoda, if bіlshovizm becoming realnіstyu - on stvorennya naukovoї kontseptsії planuvannya, systems fіnansіv, єdinoї Sistemi ukraїnskoї sіlskogospodarskoї kooperatsії.

Pratsі M. Tugan-Baranovskogo, O. Chelіntseva bazuvalisya on іdeї sіmeyno Labor Selyanske Gospodarstwa, organіzatsіynі Ambush yakogo viznachalisya on pіdstavі neoklasichnih pіdhodіv.

Plan reformuvannya agrarian vіdnosin in CPCP, yaky LUVs zaprovadzheny in Zhittya Rocky nonempty include rozrobki of Ukrainian scientists. The basis of Bulo taken kontseptsіyu O. Chelіntseva, yaky target Naukova programa rozvitku kooperatsії (spozhivchoї, kreditnoї, zbutovoї that іn.).

Kooperatsіyu Chelіntsev vivodiv for mezhі privatnokapіtalіstichnogo sector rozglyadav yak i nova form rozvitku scho zberіgaє principle osobistoї zaіnteresovanostі. Vіn CCB proti tverdzhennya, scho Got deprivation cooperation gotuvati peredumovi for natsіonalіzatsії, ukazuvav to those scho її zumovleno require virobnitstva Won Yea i s promising look around on the Future. Vaughn did not ruynuє chinnikіv rozvitku, ale spriyaє pom'yakshennyu nedolіkіv rinkovih vіdnosin.

Tsі provisions of boule viznanі V. Lenіnim, yaky priynyav kooperatsіyu form yak, scho not superechit tezі about sotsіalіstichnu, suspіlnu vlasnіst.

On the cob 20's pp. ukraїnska Naukova Dumka rozvivalasya in rіznomanіtnih napryamkah. 1920 r. Bulo zasnovane Tovaristvo ekonomіstіv to yakogo were takі vidatnі vchenі, yak Je Slutsky, K. roach, R. Orzhentsky, Ptukha M., F. Zadorozhnii that іn., Scho Ziman theoretical ekonomіchnim that folk crafts analіzom Gospodarstwa.

Tse tovaristvo koordinuvalo dіyalnіst doslіdnikіv, spryamovuyuchi її on stvorennya kontseptsії єdinoї ukraїnskoї gospodarskoї system pobudovanoї in ambushes ekonomіchnoї vіdkritostі that samoregulyuvannya.

In theoreticity rozrobkah tієї Dobie obstoyuєtsya regulyuyuchu Dumka about the role of market analysis that rinkovih tsіn, about nemozhlivіst Institution ostannіh in ekonomіchnih vіdnosinah tіlki until the system is natural that labor (vartіsnogo) oblіku. Ukazuєtsya to those scho Power Got orієntuvatis on rinok that rinkovі pokazniki. Kritikuvalas іdeya tsentralіzovanogo sotsіalіstichnogo planuvannya of minds, if Absent zagalnih tsіnnіsnih orієntirіv, if Cena peretvoryuєtsya s categories rinkovih vіdnosin on kategorіyu oblіku. Zamіst tsogo proponuvalas іdeya plan-forecast.

In Tsei hour ukraїnska Ekonomichna Dumka dosyagla temple Naukova rіvnya i bula in avangardі svіtovoї ekonomіchnoї pillows. Je Pratsі Slutskogo, K. roach, Orzhentskogo R., M. Ptukha, Yasnopolskogo L., O. Chayanov, O. Chelіntseva that іnshih zdobuli svіtove viznannya.

For Prace Slutskogo "Etyud to problem pobudovi formal prakseologіchnih ambushes Economy" (1926), in scho nіy іshlosya about psihologіchnі Ambush ratsіonalnoї ekonomіchnoї povedіnki sub'єkta on pіvstolіttya viperedila doslіdzhennya tsіy in the Branch, SSMSC were on Over-hodі. Іnshu yogo Prace "Nakopichennya vipadkovih reasons yak-jae Reuleaux tsiklіchnih protsesіv" (1927) Bulo prisvyacheno problems modelyuvannya ekonomіchnih Oscillations on dovgostrokovy perіod. Vaughan celebrated velichezny vpliv on rozvitok zarubіzhnih ekonomіchnih doslіdzhen.

Teorіya ekonomіchnih kon'yunktur M. Tugan-Baranovskogo became pіdstavoyu teorії "Dovgy Hvilya" M. Kondratєva.

Usі tsі teorії widely vikoristovuvali i rozvivali Dali on Zahodі.

Orієntatsіya vladnih structures totalіtarizm poklal edge rozvitku ekonomіchnoї science Ukraїnі, peretvorila її on warehouses radyanskoї ekonomіchnoї teorії. Closed-Boulot schoyno stvorenі іnstituti that the department, pripineno ekonomіchnі doslіdzhennya (Especially in sferі kooperatsії) bagatoh scientists Wieslaw s Kraina abo zaareshtovano.

Rozpochinaєtsya Borotba bіlshovizmu іdeologії for cleanliness.

Already of 30's pp. zmіstom Naukova doslіdzhen staє bringing perevag ekonomіchnoї polіtiki scho buduєtsya for "klasovim principle." Applied analіz spryamovuєtsya on rozrobku printsipіv normuvannya that regulyuvannya tsіn, podatkovoї polіtiki, formuvannya fіnansovo-kreditnoї system.

Usі tsі doslіdzhennya boule prosyaknutі іdeyami planuvannya, direktivnostі, tsentralіzmu, viklyuchali fun- samoregulyuvannya, Hoca th viznavali іsnuvannya inventory vіdnosin penny.

Naukovtsі scho propaguvali tsі іdeї, nalezhali to "ofіtsіynih" i could zavzhdi rozrahovuvati on viznannya. W such mozhna nazvati V. Chubar, O. Shlіhtera V. Vvedenskogo, T. The stable fly is the іn.

Pratsі Tsikh ekonomіstіv mayzhe nіchim not vіdrіznyalisya one od odnoї but mіstili pevnі naukovі PROVISIONS schodo viznachennya printsipіv sotsіalіstichnogo planuvannya (balance method), scheduled tsіnoutvorennya, planuvannya turnover (Especially in chastinі pobudovi ekonomіko-ically mathematical models), credit planuvannya that іn.

Pevnyi uspіhіv Bulo dosyagnuto in teorії gospodarskogo rozrahunku on Reigning pіdpriєmstvah. The I Hoca authoritarian obstoyuvali Dumka about neobhіdnіst inventory penny vіdnosin deprivation yak oblіkovo-rozrahunkovih chinnikіv planuvannya, deyakі uzagalnennya svіdchili scho naspravdі allowed їh vikoristannya yak regulyatorіv in virobnichіy sferі.

Todі slit Bulo mozhna know in ekonomіchnіy lіteraturі pevnі formulyuvannya scho superechili ofіtsіynim see. So, ya Dіmayshteyn, M. Sobolєv, L. Dіts that INSHI vkazuvali on negativnі naslіdki admіnіstrativnogo vplivu on tsіni (disproportsії rozvitku, defіtsit for nadvirobnitstva toscho) on mozhlivіst pererodzhennya kreditnoї system in great-power fіnansovu on nepravomіrnіst total planuvannya for іsnuvannya rіznih vlasnostі forms. Tsі vchenі vkazuvali, zokrema on mozhlivіst Creasy zbutu for monopolіzatsії torgіvlі minds. However їhnі spravedlivі peredbachennya boule mercilessly rozkritikovanі ekonomіstami- "Marxists."

Especially baked Bula Borotba orthodox marksistіv іz so the title of volobuїvschinoyu, Cauterets ogolosheno Bulo "Wink natsіonalіstichnih nastroїv" in ekonomіchnіy dumtsі.

Volobuєv M. 1928 p. has acted in presі s propaganda perevag samostіynogo ekonomіchnogo rozvitku Ukraine, zaznachayuchi scho іmperska polіtika Russie spriyala spotvorennyu rozvitku Natural Productive Forces of Ukraine, postіyno pristosovuvala її ekonomіku to Sotho rosіyskih required. Vіn ukazuvav to those scho Ukraine has dostatnіy potentsіal, dwellers in іntegruvatisya svіtovu gospodarsku samostіyno system, rather than through rosіysku ekonomіku. Zrozumіlo, scho LUVs Volobuєv viznany "vorogov people."

On pershіy Vsesoyuznіy konferentsії agrarnikіv-marksistіv * 29 Bulo takozh viznano witch "neonarodnitskі" іdeї O. Chayanov i O. Chelіntseva that zupineno realіzatsіyu їhnogo plan agrarian reform. Zgoda Bulo ogolosheno "witch" іdeї M. Tugan-Baranovskogo, Je Slutskogo that іn.

* 29: {Div .: Proceedings of the First All-Union Conference of Marxist Agrarians. - M., 1930}.

W tsogo hour Ekonomichna Ukraine Dumka rozvivaєtsya so very, yak i in Russie - zgіdno s sotsіalnim of order in іzolyatsії od svіtovoї ekonomіchnoї pillows.

Її Renaissance pochinaєtsya tіlki 60-Ti pp.

Same hour in Tsei vihodyat s Druck pratsі of Ukrainian vchenih I. Lukіnova, Yuri Pakhomov, VA Kornієnka, I. Yastremskogo that іnshih, SSMSC napolyagayut on zmіnі pіdhodіv to viznachennya rolі polіtichnoї ekonomії in sotsіalno-ekonomіchnih peretvorennyah, shukayut novih shlyahіv virіshennya її problems.

However perіod pіdnesennya znovu zmіnivsya perіodom stagnation. Ekonomichna teorіya turned to vihіdnih іdeologіchnih rubezhіv s tієyu tіlki rіznitseyu scho odvіchnі problemi polіtichnoї ekonomії sotsіalіzmu teper rozglyadayutsya in kontekstі "rozvinutogo sotsіalіzmu".

That navіt in furrows Tsikh doslіdzhennya lead in descho іnshih napryamkah: rozshiryuyutsya їhnі ob'єkti, virobnichі vіdnosini vivchayutsya in vzaєmozv'yazku s productive forces that s nadbudovoyu scho daє zmogu proanalіzuvati not tіlki klasovі factorization suspіlnogo rozvitku.

Z'yavlyaєtsya bagato Fundamental Prace schodo problems rozvitku ekonomіchnogo mehanіzmu, theoreticity pіdhodіv to vikoristannya rinkovih forms of sotsіalіzmu minds. Vіdomі Ukrainian author by Kornієnko, Y. Pakhomov V. Chernyak, A. Chukhno zvertayutsya to problems zagalnosuspіlnogo rozvitku.

Same hour in Tsei z'yavlyayutsya pratsі s іstorії ekonomіchnoї pillows, de analіzuєtsya i Vahom Positive vnesok zarubіzhnih doslіdnikіv.

We creates Pakhomov Yu, B. Chernyak, A. Chukhnov V. Logvinenko, A. Ghosh that іn. held іdeya schodo neobhіdnostі doslіdzhennya problems sotsіalіstichnoї vlasnostі s Look її ekonomіchnoї dotsіlnostі that efektivnostі. Otzhe, naprikіntsі 80 pp. already pochinaєtsya formuvannya ambushes suchasnoї kontseptsії suspіlnogo rozvitku.

Povernennya ukraїnskoї ekonomіchnoї teorії into the fold svіtovoї ekonomіchnoї pillows tіlki rozpochinaєtsya. Її representations to protsesіv, kotrі vіdbuvayutsya in suspіlstvі, slit residually not viznacheno. Ale vzhe at a time in ekonomіchnіy lіteraturі panuє plyuralіzm poglyadіv scho spriyaє rozvitkovі science. Tіlki in Taqiy sposіb Mauger vіdbutis Renaissance teorії, scho mill kolis Basics efektivnoї ekonomіchnoї polіtiki.