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Polіtichna ekonomіya - Krivenko KT

22.4.2. Profspіlki i rinok pratsі.

Valued role in revolyutsії in labor vіdnosinah vіdіgralo zakonodavstvo about workers' rights organіzovuvati profesіynі spіlki, SSMSC poklikanі zahischati Interests Migrant yak on rіvnі of companies, so i in suspіlstvі in tsіlomu.
Profspіlka Je porodzhennyam kapіtalіzmu, forms organіzatsії Migrant naymanoї pratsі on profesіynіy osnovі s tim, dwellers zahischati svoї Interests i right in front kapіtalіstami yak, so i to powers, Yakscho Stop іgnoruє workers' rights. In Pershe profesіynі spіlki z'yavilisya naprikіntsі XVIII century. in Velikobritanії on cob of the XIX century. - In ryadі kapіtalіstichnih kraїn Єvropi i Africa, cob XX century. - In kolonіalnih i fallow kraїnah. W rozvitkom kapіtalіzmu posilivsya th robіtnichih ruh. Nezvazhayuchi on antirobіtnichі laws, profesіynі spіlki vinikali, zmіtsnyuvalisya and populyarnіst їh Sered predstavnikіv naymanoї pratsі zrostala. Vreshtі-Rasht came Doba, if bourgeois power ob'єktivno Bula vimushena viznati profesіynі spіlki i oformiti tse viznannya vіdpovіdnimi laws. The US has such a law, yaky zakonodavcho vіdkriv nova Yeru in vіdnosinah "pіdpriєmets - Naiman robіtnik" Je natsіonalny law about trudovі vіdnosini. Unaslіdok tsogo in sistemі of labor vіdnosin new z'yavilas Lanka - profesіyna spіlka.

Zgіdno s natsіonalnim law about trudovі vіdnosini, priynyatim in the US in 1935 p, workers garantuvalosya "podvіyne right":. The right to ob'єdnannya in profspіlku i ukladannya the right of labor to please h naymachami. Tsei law zaboroniv naymacham pozbavlyati robіtnikіv right ob'єdnuvatisya in profspіlki, pіdpriєmtsyam antiprofspіlkovu diskrimіnatsіyu whether yakogo robіtnika in razі Naiman zvіlnennya i pіdvischennya on posadі; zobov'yazav naymachіv honestly negotiate s profspіlkoyu, organіzovanoyu pratsіvnikami pіdpriєmstva.

Organіzatsіya labor among profesіynі spіlki daє їm mozhlivіst neytralіzuvati Pevnyi rank monopsonіstichnі tendentsії korporatsіy monopolіstichnogo chi olіgopolnogo type to scho profspіlka formuє monopolіyu pratsі on market analysis. Unaslіdok tsogo formuєtsya dvostoronnya monopolіya. Scho Won yavlyaє him?

Dvostoronnya monopolіya - tse rinok on Money Does єdinomu prodavtsevі (monopolії) protistoїt єdiny pokupets (monopsonіya).

So rank, at the market in the minds robochoї Sealy novіtnogo kapіtalіzmu dіyut two sub'єkti: monopsonіstichny naymach i profesіyna spіlka. Mozhlivy result Borotba profesіynoї spіlki for realіzatsіyu svoїh іnteresіv i great Promyslova gіgantіv shown in Fig. 22.2.

Fig. 22.2. Model dvostoronnoї monopolії on market analysis pratsі

The figure shows scho monopsonіstichny naymach namagatimetsya vstanoviti zarobіtnoї pay rate of Wm, yak nizhcha rіvnovazhnu for competitive rates and spіlka domagatimetsya, napriklad, nadrіvnovazhnoї konkurentnoї rate Salary - Wu. Yaky bude result? Sche M.Tugan-Baranovsky wrote: "Rozmіr zarobіtnoї pay viznachaєtsya EYAD minds: produktivnіstyu suspіlnoї pratsі, yak vstanovlyuє nastіlki suspіlny great product, scho guilty Buti podіleny mіzh class, i sotsіalnoyu mіtsnіstyu robіtnichogo class, od yakoї deposits rozmіr chastki suspіlnogo product, scho potraplyaє in rozporyadzhennya robіtnika "(div .: Tugan-Baranovsky M. I. Polіtichna ekonomіya: The course is popular - K .: bASIS, 1994. - 144 pp.). Vid i Tsikh powers zalezhatime kіntsevy result tobto rіven rates zarobіtnoї pay. Theoreticity Won guilty dorіvnyuvati Wc, bou sama in tochtsі Ec zarobіtnoї payment rates bude vіdpovіdati boundary pratsі income (Wc = HD).

22.4.3. Reigning regulyuvannya zarobіtnoї pay.

So rank, in the minds Suchasnyj kapіtalіzmu Je mozhlivostі for dwellers podolati pіdpriєmnitsku monopsonіyu and otzhe, i ekonomіchnu rent. For such minds zarobіtna board bude kolivatisya Navkolo rіvnya boundary income scho yogo stvoryuє Prace.

Vazhlivim aspect revolyutsії in labor vіdnosinah Je Introduction mіnіmalnoї zarobіtnoї pay, yak, yak usually kolivaєtsya in the furrows of 40-50% serednoї zarobіtnoї pay, bearing-down of the Pension zabezpechennya, Relief for bezrobіttyu toscho.

Tsі zrushennya in labor vіdnosinah Je vodnochase pokaznikom aktivnoї uchastі suchasnoї powers in regulyuvannі Pay naymanoї pratsі, stvorennі polіtichnih, she іnshih legal minds for dwellers zarobіtna board robіtnika vіdpovіdala velichinі stvorenogo him boundary product i konkurentnіy zarobіtnіy platі.

Novі trudovі vіdnosini, SSMSC powers that actively pіdtrimuyutsya udoskonalyuyutsya for її Relief, Je svіdchennyam of scho suttєvo polіpshuyutsya vіdnosini mіzh robіtnikami i kapіtalіstami-pіdpriєmtsyami. On tsomu pіdґruntі formuyutsya vіdnosini sotsіalnogo partnership kapіtalіstichnih pіdpriєmstvah usіh vlasnostі forms. Vazhlivo takozh, scho in valovіy zarobіtnіy platі great chastka nalezhit vidatkam for rakhunok dohodіv pіdpriєmtsya (Div. 13 the topic).