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Rozmіschennya productive forces of Ukraine - Doroguntsov S.І.

3. VUGІLNA PROMISLOVІST UKRAINY: Suchasnyj STAN, OSNOVNІ Problems that prospect ROZVITKU

Inventories vugіllya on teritorії Ukraine zoseredzhenі mainly in troh pools: Donetsk, Lvіvsko-Volins'ka that Dnіprovskomu (Table 6.). In zagalnih stocks vugіllya in Ukraїnі (117.1 billion tons.) Nayvischa Pete Wagga nalezhit Donec'ka the swimming pool - 87.0% (101.9 billion tons.) Lvіvsko-Volins'ka that Dnіprovskomu - vіdpovіdno 2.0% (2.3 billion . t) that 3.5% (4.1 billion. m).

Krіm of reserves vugіllya Je to teritorії Harkіvskoї i Poltava regions -. 8.7 billion tons that Zakarpatskoї vuglenosnoї ploschі - 0.2 billion tonnes Іz zagalnih zapasіv 42.5 billion tons vіdneseno resursіv to forward-looking....

Inventories vugіllya in Ukraїnі tsіlkom dostatnі for zadovolennya Vlasnyi potreb i zabezpechennya eksportnih supply. However skladnі gіrnicho-geologіchnі that tehnologіchnі minds rozrobki vugіlnih rodovisch Ukraine in Persha Cherga Donbas, suttєvo vplivayut on ekonomіchnu efektivnіst virobnitstva in vugіlnіy promislovostі.

tABLE 6

ROZMІSCHENNYA mainly ZAPASІV VUGІLLYA ON TERITORІЇ UKRAINY on 01/01/1998 p. *

* For danimi Sovereign balance zapasіv korisnih Kopalin Ukraine (vugіllya).

Navedenі Table. 7 danі harakterizuyut camp vugіlnih baseynіv Ukraine. Pong svіdchat about those scho geologіchnі reserves vugіllya in Donetsk baseynі zoseredzhenі perevazhno in thin i Nadto thin layers potuzhnіstyu to 1.2 m Serednya Glibin rozrobki rodovisch nablizhaєtsya up to 700 m, and the maximum -. 1400 m on becoming horizons Ponad 600m funktsіonuє mayzhe. 60% of mines on chastku yakih pripadaє Ponad half vsogo vidobutogo vugіllya. Plast, SSMSC vvazhayutsya nebezpechnimi schodo raptovih vikidіv vugіllya i gas harakternі for 40% of mines.

Minds rozrobki vugіlnih plastіv Lvіvsko-Volins'ka i Dnіprovskogo baseynіv bіlsh spriyatlivі. The maximum Glibin rozrobki plastіv Lvіvsko-Volins'ka becoming the swimming pool of 550 m, and potuzhnіst plastіv vugіllya - od 1 to 1.5 m Nebezpeka raptovih vikidіv vugіllya i mayzhe gas vіdsutnya.. Together s note zolnіst vidobutogo vugіllya (47.6%) uniquely perevischuє analogіchny pokaznik in Donbasі (36.2%) i before Well reserves vugіllya dosit obmezhenі (2.0% usіh zapasіv vugіllya Ukraine).

In Dnіprovskomu baseynі zoseredzhenі reserves of brown vugіllya, yak on vіdmіnu od kam'yanogo Got bіlsh nizku calorific zdat-

table 7

ZAGALNA CHARACTERISTICS VUGІLNIH BASEYNІV UKRAINY (for danimi 1997 p.)

nіst i vikoristovuєtsya bunt rank for virobnitstva burovugіlnih briketіv, SSMSC spozhivayutsya population in the Communal and pobutovі required. Rozrobka burovugіlnih rodovisch held pіdzemnim vіdkritim that way. Chastka vіdkritih rozrobok becoming 88.2%. Glibin zalyagannya plastіv small -. 100 m maximum Serednya Glibin rozrobki plastіv the mines syagaє 90 m on rozrіzah -. 64 m Zolnіst vidobutogo vugіllya nizhcha, nіzh in Donbasі that Lvіvsko-Volins'ka baseynі i becoming 21.7%, but range vugіllya takozh nevelikі (3.5% od usіh zapasіv vugіllya Ukraine).

Great vpliv on the Branch efektivnіst Robots Got mill virobnichih fondіv mines. Sogodnі to 40% of mines pratsyuє Ponad 50 rokіv and naybіlsh starі mines toil line service Ponad 70 rokіv. Lachey 8% less then 20 mines ekspluatuyutsya rokіv.

Nezvazhayuchi on the digit lines ekspluatatsії mines obsyagi rekonstruktsії budіvnitstva novih i s mines 1975 p. steel rіzko zmenshuvatisya. For ostannі 15-20 rokіv in Donbasі not Bulo mortgage zhodnoї mines have Lvіvsko-Volins'ka baseynі - one in Dnіprovskomu baseynі - one rozrіz. Stop Masov rekonstruktsіya vugіlnih mines bula performed in drugіy polovinі 60s - on cob 70 rokіv. Todі Won bula zdіysnena 25% of companies.

Odnієyu s reasons for such vazhkogo will Bulo obmezhennya kapіtalnih vkladen to do updates virobnichih vugіlnoї promislovostі bearing-down of Ukraine. Tse pov'yazano s tim, scho protyagom troh ostannіh desyatilіt all іnvestitsіyna dіyalnіst in vugіlnіy promislovostі Bula orієntovana on rozvitok vidobutku vugіllya in skhіdnih regіonah kolishnogo CPCP.

Usa Tse i viznachilo rіzke galmuvannya processes do updates virobnichih bearing-down i pogіrshennya structuring mine Facility Ukraїnі.

. Virobnichі potuzhnostі scho vibuli at pp 1991-1997, 78.7 million tons sklali Tse prizvelo to vtrati realnoї virobnichoї potuzhnostі mine Facility obsyazі 77.3 million tons i znizhennya vidobutku vugіllya to Nadzvychaina sytuatsia nizkogo rіvnya -... 75,900,000 . tons in 1997 p. at 164.8 million. tons in 1990 p., abo bіlshe nіzh in two Razi (tab. 8).

Naybіlshe znizhennya obsyagіv vidobutku vіdbulosya for Tsei hour at Dnіprovskomu burovugіlnomu baseynі - by 84.8%, todі yak in Donetsk - by 51.1%, and Lvіvsko-Volins'ka - by 65.7%.

table 8

VIDOBUTOK VUGІLLYA In UKRAЇNІ in 1990-1997 pp., Mln. Tons

* For danimi Mіnіsterstva vugіlnoї promislovostі Ukraine.

Іz zagalnogo obsyagu postachannya vugіllya on teritorіyu Ukraine up to 95% on pripadaє Donetsk vugіllya, s yakogo mayzhe 30% becoming koksіvne. Lvіvsko-Volins'ka vugіllya i storm vugіllya Dnіprovskogo the swimming pool vikoristovuєtsya bunt rank yak energetichne palivo on elektrostantsіyah that in sektorі Communal Economy.

Main spozhivachem of Donetsk vugіllya Je Donec'ka, Dnipropetrovs'ka, Luhansk i Zaporizka oblastі de vono vikoristovuєtsya bunt rank for potreb power industry that koksohіmіchnoї promislovostі. In Rasht areas Donetsk vugіllya postachaєtsya deprivation for teplovoї elektroenergetiki.

Lvіvsko-Volins'ka vugіllya postachaєtsya in zahіdnі oblastі (Ivano-Frankіvska, Lviv is the іn.) I before Well deprivation on energetichnі required. Bure vugіllya vikoristovuєtsya bunt rank for virobnitstva burovugіlnih briketіv (Kіrovogradska, Cherkasy oblastі).

Chastina vugіllya іz Luganskoї, Dnіpropetrovskoї that Donetskoї areas postachaєtsya on eksport, headaches rank in Moldova is the Kraina far zarubіzhzhya.

Іmport vugіllya in zdіysnyuєtsya up Ukraine in the main h i Russie Kazakhstan (for potreb koksohіmіchnoї promislovostі) that Polschі.

Pershochergovim zavdannyam rozvitku vugіlnoї promislovostі Je kompensatsіya vibuvayuchih bearing-down completion for rakhunok i vzhe an opened budіvnitstva rekonstruktsії number of mines. Krіm of slіd Closed-th number of unprofitable mines to exchange glances polіtiku tsіn vugіllya i vugіlnu produktsіyu. Tse will give zmogu descho spovіlniti decline virobnitstva and potіm stabіlіzuvati vidobutok vugіllya i stvoriti peredumovi for yogo zrostannya zavdyaki budіvnitstvu novih mines zbіlshennyu obsyagіv rekonstruktsії dіyuchih that pridіlennyu osoblivoї uwagi tehnіchnomu pereozbroєnnyu the Branch.

Pіdpriєmstva vugіlnoї promislovostі vіdnosyatsya to ekologonebezpechnih, oskіlki rozrobka vugіlnih rodovisch іstotno vplivaє on gіdrohіmіchny mode ekspluatatsії poverhnevih i pіdzemnih water posilyuє zabrudnennya povіtryanogo pools, pogіrshuє rodyuchіst gruntіv.

Spetsifіchnim zabrudnennyam aquatic baseynіv respublіki Je Skidanov znachnoї kіlkostі visokomіneralіzovanih mine water from poverhnevі vodoymi that drains and takozh in nakopichuvachі in yakih vіdbuvaєtsya vіdstіy mine vodozlivu that zlivu zbagachuvalnih factories.

Vugіlna promislovіst zabrudnyuє i povіtryany swimming pool. Vikidi zabrudnenih rechovin the atmosphere pіdpriєmstvami Mіnvuglepromu stanovlyat to 25% od vikidіv Tsikh rechovin on Ukraїnі. On ochisnі sporudi napravlyaєtsya less then half vsіh vikidіv, s yakih ulovlyuєtsya th obezvodnyuєtsya 95%. Rasht vikidіv zdіysnyuєtsya without purification in viglyadі gazopodіbnih that rіdkih rechovin.

Jerel digit zabrudnennya povіtryanogo pools, poverhnevih that pіdzemnih waters and takozh znizhennya rodyuchostі gruntіv Je rozmіschennya vіdhodіv vuglevidobutku i vuglezbagachennya Especially in spetsіalnih natural vіdvalah that nakopichuvachah - schorіchno in vіdvali skidaєtsya 60-70 million m3 of rock.. Quantity of natural vіdvalіv becoming mayzhe 1300 s yakih blizko 300 - Tse Ti, scho grief. Vtrata rodyuchostі land pid vіdvalami becoming bіlsh yak 7000 gektarіv.

Nezadovіlny ekologіchny camp at vugledobuvnih areas Especially in Donbasі, posilyuєtsya takozh temple rіvnem kontsentratsії metalurgіynoї of companies that hіmіchnoї promislovostі scho posilyuє technogenic navantazhennya on navkolishnє seredovische harakterizuє i yogo yak Nadzvychaina sytuatsia nebezpechne for Health Protection of the population.