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Reigning regulyuvannya Economy - Net SM

ROZDІL 7. Reigning REGULYUVANNYA ZOVNІSHNOEKONOMІCHNOЇ DІYALNOSTІ

7.1. Ambush zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі.

7.2. Regulyuvannya torgovelnoї dіyalnostі.

7.3. Іnozemne іnvestuvannya.

7.4. The role of power in the zaluchennі іnozemnih kreditіv.

7.1. Ambush zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі

Povnotsіnne funktsіonuvannya Economy zhodnoї Kraina not Mauger vіdbuvatisya without rozvinutoї Sistemi zovnіshnoekonomіchnih zv'yazkіv. Included natsіonalnoї Economy in svіtovih gospodarskih protsesіv positive vplivaє on rozvitok Economy Kraina, spriyaє pіdvischennyu tehnіchnogo rіvnya virobnitstva, ratsіonalnomu vikoristannyu natural sirovinnih resursіv, lіkvіdatsії defіtsitu okremih tovarіv and vіdtak i pіdvischennyu rіvnya Zhittya population.

Zovnіshnoekonomіchna dіyalnіst - tse zasnovana on vzaєmovigіdnih ekonomіchnih vіdnosinah dіyalnіst at the Branch mіzhnarodnoї torgіvlі, Ruhu kapіtalіv, mіgratsії robochoї Sealy, peredachі tehnologіy. In vsіh kraїnah, and especially in kraїnah іz perehіdnoyu ekonomіkoyu, de became widely lіberalіzatsіya zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі, її Reigning regulyuvannya Je ob'єktivnoyu neobhіdnіstyu. Tacke regulyuvannya spryamovane on zabezpechennya Zahist іnteresіv Kraina that sub'єktіv її zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі, stvorennya for ostannіh rіvnih mozhlivostey rozvivati ​​All types pіdpriєmnitskoї dіyalnostі that eg vikoristannya dohodіv i zdіysnennya іnvestitsіy on rozvitok konkurentsії that lіkvіdatsіyu monopolіzmu.

Before bunt tsіley sovereign regulyuvannya zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі in Ukraїnі nalezhat: zabezpechennya zbalansovanostі Economy that rіvnovagi vnutrіshnogo Rinku Kraina, stimulyuvannya Progressive structural Change log in ekonomіtsі, stvorennya naybіlsh spriyatlivih minds for zaluchennya natsіonalnoї Economy in svіtovogo podіlu pratsі that її nablizhennya to rinkovih structures rozvinutih zarubіzhnih kraїn. Regulyuvannya takoї dіyalnostі zdіysnyuєtsya for Relief zakonіv Ukraine, aktіv tariff is the tariff regulyuvannya, ekonomіchnih zahodіv operational regulyuvannya (currency-fіnansovih, credit is the іn.) Rіshen-sovereign organіv upravlіnnya ekonomіkoyu, SSMSC uhvalyuyutsya vіdpovіdno to їhnіh statutory dokumentіv, dogovorіv scho ukladayutsya mіzh sub 'єktami zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі.

For іnozemnih sub'єktіv gospodarskoї dіyalnostі on teritorії Ukraine vstanovlyuyutsya takі pravovі Safe Mode:

natsіonalny mode, yaky oznachaє scho іnozemnі sub'єkti gospodaryuvannya toil obsyag rights that obov'yazkіv not Mensch, nіzh Ukrainian pіdpriєmtsі. Natsіonalny mode poshiryuєtsya on All types gospodarskoї dіyalnostі іnozemnih sub'єktіv, yak pov'yazana s їhnіmi іnvestitsіyami on teritorії Kraina and takozh on eksportno-іmportnі operatsії of companies kraїn quiet, SSMSC s incoming time With Ukraine to ekonomіchnih soyuzіv;

mode naybіlshogo spriyannya, yaky oznachaє scho іnozemnі sub'єkti gospodarskoї dіyalnostі toil takі samі rights preferentsії that pіlgi vіdnosno Mita podatkіv i zborіv, yakimi koristuyutsya pіdpriєmtsі whether yakoї іnshoї Kraina, kotrіy Nada Taqiy mode. Mode naybіlshogo spriyannya vstanovlyuєtsya for sub'єktіv gospodarskoї dіyalnostі іnshih kraїn on pіdstavі spіlnih lands zastosovuєtsya i have sferі zovnіshnoї torgіvlі;

spetsіalny mode, yaky zastosovuєtsya on teritorії spetsіalnih ekonomіchnih zones i Mitnija soyuzіv, scho they go UKRAINE, abo in razі vstanovlennya such spetsіalnogo regime vіdpovіdno to mіzhnarodnih land.

The main types of zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі Je zovnіshnya torgіvlya, fіnansovo-kreditnі operatsії, pіdpriєmnitska dіyalnіst, Naukova-tehnіchna s cooperation іnozemnimi pіdpriєmtsyami, nadannya їm rіznomanіtnih poslug. Tsі eg dіyalnostі regulyuyutsya, s one side, the power in the osobі її organіv and іnshogo s - non-sovereign bodies upravlіnnya ekonomіkoyu (bіrzhami, torgovelnimi chambers spіlkami toscho) that themselves sub'єktami zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі on pіdstavі ukladenih mіzh them koordinatsіynih land.

Upravlіnnya sovereign bodies, scho zdіysnyuyut svoї funktsії on makrorіvnі can podіliti on zagalnoderzhavnі that teritorіalnі. Zagalnoderzhavnі structuring regulyuyut dіyalnіst usіh sub'єktіv zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі Square od forms vlasnostі that teritorіalnogo rozmіschennya. Before them nalezhat Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kabіnet Mіnіstrіv Ukraine, Natsіonalny bank Reigning Mitnija komіtet antitrust komіtet.

In kompetentsіyu Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine go uhvalennya that zmіna zakonіv, zatverdzhennya mainly napryamіv zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї polіtiki that structure organіv sovereign regulyuvannya zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі, ukladannya mіzhnarodnih lands, establishing spetsіalnih rezhimіv zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі toscho. Kabіnet Mіnіstrіv Ukraine viznachaє methodological zdіysnennya zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї polіtiki Kraina, koordinuє dіyalnіst mіnіsterstv that komіtetіv s regulyuvannya zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі, uhvalyuє normativnі acti s power takoї dіyalnostі, ukladaє mіzhnarodnі lands that іn. Natsіonalny Bank regulyuє course natsіonalnoї currency, spending rozrahunki for otrimanimi Reigning loans that Borg zdіysnyuє vikoristannya gold reserves Kraina. Mіnіsterstvo Economy zabezpechuє Venue of єdinoї zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї polіtiki, koordinuє zovnіshnoekonomіchnu dіyalnіst sub'єktіv pіdpriєmnitstva that kont- rolyuє doderzhannya their minds mіzhnarodnih land, uzhivaє zahodіv tariff regulyuvannya zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі. Reigning Mitnija komіtet zdіysnyuє Mitnija control kraїnі and antimonopoly komіtet kontrolyuє doderzhannya sub'єktami zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі antitrust zakonodavstva.

Before teritorіalnih organіv sovereign regulyuvannya zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі nalezhat mіstsevі For the People deputatіv that їhnі vikonavchі th rozporyadchі bodies, and takozh teritorіalnі pіdrozdіli organіv sovereign regulyuvannya zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі. For the People's Mіstsevі deputatіv that їhnі vikonavchі organic mozhut vikonuvati svoї zovnіshnoekonomіchnі funktsії deprivation through stvorenі them zovnіshnoekonomіchnі organіzatsії, SSMSC toil status yuridichnoї individuals, i deprivation schodo sub'єktіv pіdpriєmnitstva, rozmіschenih on їhnіy teritorії. Derzhavnі organic teritorіalnogo regulyuvannya zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі stvoryuyutsya for pogodzhennyam s mіstsevimi Radami folk deputatіv in furrows zagalnogo lіmіtu budgetary koshtіv scho vidіlyayutsya on utrimannya vіdpovіdnih organіv sovereign regulyuvannya.

Reigning regulyuvannya zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі zdіysnyuєtsya for Relief admіnіstrativnih that ekonomіchnih metodіv. Admіnіstrativnі methodological bezposeredno vplivayut on gospodarskі vіdnosini and ekonomіchnі - dіyut through rinkovy mehanіzm.

Admіnіstrativnі methodological naydotsіlnіshe zastosovuvati of minds ekonomіchnoї nestabіlnostі, zrostannya defіtsitu that іnflyatsії. Them koristuyutsya, yak usually protyagom short termіnu s metoyu Zahist Economy Kraina abo її Renaissance through mobіlіzatsіyu that optimally vikoristannya resursіv. Before them nalezhat embargo (Povny zaborona zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі) lіtsenzuvannya, kvotuvannya, spetsifіchnі vimogi to the product that іn.

Ekonomіchnі methodological regulyuvannya zaymayut provіdne Location in perіod stabіlіzatsії Economy. Before them nalezhat mitnі tariffs, Assembly, іmportnі deposits (in the Branch іmportu) pіlgovі loans eksporteram, garantії, subsidії, zvіlnennya od Splat podatkіv toscho (in the Branch eksportu).

Vazhlivu role of s-pomіzh ekonomіchnih metodіv regulyuvannya zovnіshnoekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі vіdіgrayut valyutnі obmezhennya, SSMSC spryamovano on rozshirennya abo strimannya rozvitku zovnіshnoekonomіchnih zv'yazkіv Kraina. Valyutnі obmezhennya ohoplyuyut scope zovnіshnoї torgіvlі, ruh kapіtalіv that kreditіv, perekaz pributkіv, podatkovih that іnshih platezhіv. At the Branch zovnіshnoї torgіvlі valyutnі obmezhennya vvazhayut oposeredkovanim factor strimuvannya іmportu, oskіlki vikoristannya currency on zakupіvlyu іnozemnih tovarіv dozvolyaєtsya deprivation pіslya otrimannya on tse spetsіalnogo allowed. Regulyuvannya zaluchennya that vivozu kapіtalu in tsіlomu spryamovuєtsya on pіdvischennya efektivnostі іnozemnogo іnvestuvannya in ekonomіku Kraina. Vono Got podvіyny character. W one side, Reigning regulyuvannya spriyaє stvorennyu spriyatlivogo іnvestitsіynogo klіmatu for Relief Reigning garantіy that nadannya pіlg and s іnshogo - obmezhuє vpliv іnozemnogo kapіtalu on ekonomіku Kraina, yak zaluchaє takі Costa.