Istoria Ukrainy - Subtelny Orest

Pіdnesennya of Kyiv

Yak i bіlshіst great mіst svitu, Kiev zavdyachuє svoїm zvelichennyam Vlasnyi geografіchnomu position. Roztashovany in serednіy techії Dnipra, vіn sluguvav main transit vuzlom on velicheznіy teritorії, prileglіy to Dnipra s tributaries. Vodnochase vіn CCB Chudova viskhіdnoyu for more expensive humiliated by Dnіpru through Chorny Sea right up to Bhagat mіst Levant. Before the Well at roztashuvannya mezhі dvoh geografіchnih i cultural zones - vkritih lіsom rіvnin Pіvnochі that vіdkritih pіvdennih stepіv - zumovlyuvalo chimale strategіchne values ​​Mista. Tom was the first point vono zіtknennya i vzaєmodії dvoh іstorichnih tendentsіy.

About one s they mi vzhe zgaduvali and sama about postupove ob'єdnannya numerical rozrіznenih skhіdnoslov'yanskih communities have velikі tribes. Cutaneous s them little his teritorіyu, Vlasnyi vozhdіv i zahischenі mіtsnim stockade settlements. In avangardі tsogo boule Ruhu Polanyi, on land yakih Postan Zgoda Kiev. Zgіdno s otsіnkami vchenih already in the VI-VII Art. Polanyi on cholі Zi svoїm napіvlegendarnim leader Kiєm utvorili stronger plemіnny Union, scho panuvav over susіdnіmi tribes th MAB tіsnі stosunki s Vіzantієyu. For descriptions, Kiev zasnuvav McDermott Scheck s brother, sister, i Horiv Libіddyu, calling Misto Vlasnyi іm'yam. Hoch nashі the knowledge about The Dobou dosit tumannі, all are mozhna pripuskati scho skhіdnі slov'yani vzagalі that Polanyi zokrema uniquely poked at stvorennі velicheznogo polіtichnogo th cultural tsіlogo, yak nazivatimetsya Kiїvskoyu Rousseau.

Fragment "Povіstі lіt of time" (for the list Radzivіllіvskim XV century.)

Fragment "Povіstі lіt of time" (for the list Radzivіllіvskim XV century.)

Sche shvidshe i rіshuchіshe rozgortalisya INSHI podії scho sprichinilisya before appeared on іstorichnіy stsenі skandіnavіv. Abi zrozumіti tse, slіd nasampered cast a Look skelyastі th pustelnі take care Skandіnavії VIII-ЇH v. De s reasons i dosі nezrozumіlih Winick nebacheny demografіchny boom. Not znahodyachi zasobіv to іsnuvannya on; bat- kіvschinі, bagato molodih vіdchaydushnih skandіnavіv sіdali on korablі th Rush shukati dolі on chuzhinі. Pong vlashtovuvali spustoshlivі attacks on Kraina Zahіdnoї Єvropi, oselyalisya on zahoplenih lands Anglії, Frantsії, Іtalії that Sіtsіlії, zasnovuyuchi there svoї korolіvstva that knyazіvstva. INSHI skandіnavi, swam across the Atlantic, kolonіzuvali Іslandіyu, Grenlandіyu i scho tsіlkom mozhlivo, reachable Amerikanskogo continent. Sche INSHI, zokrema vihіdtsі іz Shvetsії is the island of Gotland, yakih nazivali Vikings, mandruvali on Pivdennyy Skhid. Spochatku stink osіdali Baltіyskogo on the shores of the sea in Aldeyg'yuborzі on ozerі Ladoga and descho pіznіshe - at Novgorodі on ozerі Ilmen. On vіdmіnu od ukrіplen palisade at skhіdnih slov'yan varyazkі settlements are themselves solіdnі deg fortetsі, Prince de selivsya іz retinue that sіm'єyu and Navkolo virostali remіsnichі th kupetskі peredmіstya.

Torguyuchi s tubіltsyami, and the second to udayuchis grabunku (if Purshia sposіb not give rezultatіv, yak usually zastosovuvali others), Vikings dobuvali hutra, honey, that vіsk nevіlnikіv. Prote stink hotіli bіlshe, nіzh could dati skhіdnі slov'yani. Vikoristovuyuchi svoї settlements yak bazi, Vikings doslіdzhuvali rіchkovі Roads Ahead, scho on Pivden led to great i rozkіshnih mіst Vіzantії that іslamskoї tsivіlіzatsії. In a short hour stink osvoїli trammel aquatic shlyahіv that Volokovaya crossings on Volzі s Baltіyskogo Sea to Kaspіyu scho vіdkrivala Way to Baghdad - tsієї bagatomovnoї stolyci іslamskogo svitu. Zgoda z'yavivsya slit vazhlivіshy Way. Names have lіtopisah Shlyakhov "іz varyagіv in Greeks", vіn іshov humiliate Dnіprom to Chorny sea nd Dali Constantinople - velichezny rinok torgіvlі s levantinskimi mіstami th naybagatshe Misto in usomu hristiyanskomu svіtі.

Dali on resettlement Pivden, blizhche to Constantinople, Bulo for zapovzyatlivih varyagіv deprivation the right hour. Yak wrote in "Povіstі lіt of time", 862 at p. two cooking zkih Vatajko Askold i Dіr, lishivshi squad Svoge Prince Rurik in Novgorodі, poplivli іz pens svoїh voїnіv humiliate Dnіprom. Otsіnivshi roztashuvannya beautiful temple of Kyiv on berezі rіchki, stink ovolodіli mіstom and Paul, scho yogo inhabited okolitsі, naklali Danino. Askold i Dіr obviously Shvydko healed sobі bagatstva th Sealy, bo at 860 p. navazhilisya time іz pіdvladnimi їm glades to attack Constantinople. Nezabarom Visti about їhnі uspіhi dіyshli to Novgorod. The I hoch Rurik had already died, and Yogo syn Igor (in skandіnavskomu Іngvar) CCB slit zamolodim, dwellers articles on cholі squad, Oleg, scho LUVs regent (opіkunom), Igor docks not dosyagne povnolіttya, zіbrav varyagіv s squad, she slov'yan fіnnіv, uzyav іz him Іgorya th swam up of Kyiv. Hitroschami vimaana vіn for muri Mista Askold i th Dіra, zvinuvativshi їh in uzurpatsії Vladi, by driving. At 882 p. Oleg oselivsya in Kiєvі, Vote yogo "matіr'yu mіst Ruthenian".

So rozpovіdaє about prihіd varyagіv to Nestor of Kyiv-Lіtopisets. Prote in rezultatі retelnogo analіzu text, holding rіznimi pokolіnnyami vchenih have tsіy opovіdі viyavleno bagato vnutrіshnіh superechnostey i Slabko mіsts. Suchasnyj іstorikіv divuє, chomu mogutnіy on zagalnu Dumka, Rurik zhodnogo never have zgaduєtsya Suchasnyj Jerel Yomou. Deyakі vzagalі pіddayut sumnіvu the fact іsnuvannya Rurik. Chi spravdі could takі dosvіdchenі Vatajko, yak i Askold Dіr, pіddatisya on yavny pіdstup Oleg? Chi LUVs Oleg spravdі pov'yazany s Rurik, Chi, Mauger, lіtopisets just namagaєtsya sklasti for Demba shlyahetnіshy Rodovid? Denote the I poyasniti, scho slit sider regency Oleg Dovgy hour pіslya of yak Igor dosyagnuv povnolіttya? In short, for vіdsutnostі danih about perіod to pravlіnnya Oleg in іnshih Jerel vazhko vіdrіzniti realnіst od vimislu in Nestorovіy versії pohodzhennya Rusі.