home Management lecture notes Upravlіnnya special projects (abstract lektsіy NUDPSU)

Upravlіnnya special projects (abstract lektsіy NUDPSU)

4.5. Etap planuvannya project

Process planuvannya i upravlіnnya project skladaєtsya s p'yati etapіv, Vier s yakih stosuyutsya planuvannya i upravlіnnya. Grafіchno, Etap privedenі on malyunku nizhche.

Etap 1. Seredovische project scho vplivaє for the project (i vnutrіshnі zovnіshnі factor).

2. Etap Formulyuvannya project - statement tsіley, objectives i viroblennya strategії realіzatsії project.

3. Etap Planuvannya project - zahodіv system realіzatsії project.

4. Etap Tehnіchne vikonannya - bezposerednє tehnіchne vikonannya punktіv project plan.

5. Etap Upravlіnnya project - monitoring project vikonannyam vіdpovіdno to plan.

Fig.4.4. Etap planuvannya i upravlіnnya project

Etap 1. Rozumіnnya otochennye project

Seredovische project skladaєtsya s faktorіv, scho shaping can vplinuti on the project at the Yogo hodі vikonannya. Seredovische viznachaє sposіb realіzatsії project:

• On the scale of i termіni vikonannya proektіv mozhut vplivati ​​INSHI projects vikonuvanі organіzatsієyu.

• Seredovische project - smut dzherelo neviznachenostі project.

2. Etap Formulyuvannya project

On Pochatkova etapi formulyuvannya іdeї project - kontseptsiї project - zakladayutsya pidvalini uspihu. Yakscho kontseptsiya, abo strategiya obrani managers nevirno, podalshi (navit pravilni diї) viyavlyatsya neuspishnimi. Tsey Etap - naymensh zvichny for vitchiznyanih kerivnikiv, Aje strategiї formuvalisya ranishe directive and vidtak tsentralizovano zabezpechuvalisya resources. Sogodni cutaneous sub'єktu gospodaryuvannya treba know obgruntuvati strategiyu for yourself strategiyu Svoge vizhivannya that rozvitku. Tse rishennya viroblennya Collective processes, yaky organizuєtsya spetsialnimi brainstorm iz zaluchennyam group fahivtsiv riznogo profilyu (Taqiy dosvid deyakoyu miroyu nakopicheny at rozrobtsi such dokumentiv, yak, napriklad, programa "Osvita"). Ale Yakscho formally podibni PROCEDURE i mali mistse, documents, yaki in rezultati z'yavlyalisya Mali zdebilshogo declarative character without being instrumentom diy.

In osnovі formulyuvannya іdeї project lie three Elements:

• Meta project - chogo dosyagne project in svєmu kіntsevomu pіdsumku.

• Zadachі project - the whole range of robіt іz project.

• Strategіya - Yakima Shlyakhov kerіvniki yogo project will lead to methylation.

Meta project - tse yogo result on dosyagnennya yakogo spryamovanі zusillya vikonavtsіv. To dwellers viznachiti Meta project kerіvnik, yak tse paradoxically, is guilty of an opened kіntsya s - viznachiti that kіntsevy result, scho guilty Buti otrimany.

Ієrarhіya tsіley. Tsіl kozhnoї Chastain project blame for Buti pіdporyadkovana zagalnіy metі project. Іnshimi words, Leather project Mauger Buti podіleny a number pіdproektov, tsіlі yakih skladayut ієrarhіyu podіbno privedenіy nizhche skhemі.

Fig.4.5. Ієrarhіya tsіley project

Yasnіst methylation. Garna meta - tse clear meta vimіryuvana, perevazhno kіlkіsno. For z'yasuvannya methylene project korisno rozbiti three skladovі, napriklad:

Tsіl - zapobіgti recession virobnitstva i zabezpechiti planned produktsії Key infrastructure.

Kіntsevy result - zvіt scho nazivaє Reason znizhennya virobnichih pokaznikіv i proponuє come in for vipravlennya position.

Kriterіy Success - zvіt guilty Booty Ready 30 chervnya. Rekomendatsії povinnі peredbachati come in, scho no Mensch zabezpechuyut virobnitstvo 70 tonnes in Year. Vartіst rekomendatsіy not guilty perevischuvati 100000 dolarіv.

Meta upravlіnnya project polyagaє in dotrimannі vartostі, that hour of Quality Project. Hoca groshі - tse "gnuchky" resource project zagalna yogo vartіst guilty Buti vstanovlena іz of the cob. Klyuchova kerіvnika task in this project skladaєtsya upravlіnnі resources dwellers vitrati not perevischili zaplanovanoї sumi.

Hour - absolutely negnuchky resource. Yakscho proyshov day, then vzhe yogo not turn. Hoca pevnі Vidi dіyalnostі mozhna zrobitiza bіlsh short hour, termіn completed projects zmіniti tіlki Shlyakhov zmіni yogo tsіley.

Yakіst oznachaє, scho guilty vіdpovіdati metі result, tobto pratsyuvati so conceived yak.

In addition chi іnshomu proektі mozhut prevalyuvati rіznі pokazniki dosyagnennya methylene, napriklad:

1). Obsyag project - tse OAO All robots s project, scho povinnі Buti Realized. Obsyag project can viznachiti through nastupnі pokazniki:

1. Shlyakhov viznachennya robіt scho vikonuyutsya in proektі. Napriklad, "Rozrobka i installation of the system on automaticity transportuvannya vantazhіv skladі".

2. Viznachennya termіnіv vikonannya. "Installation pochinaєtsya 15 sіchnya i zavershuєtsya not pіznіshe 2 Bereznev"

3. Description BIZNES-protsesіv. "Іnterfeys mіzh system of order priya i system rozmіschennya tovarіv on skladі".

4. Viznachennya neobhіdnih resursіv. "Vikoristovuvati vlasnі resources th obmezhiti Quantity robіtnikіv chiselnіstyu in p'yat cholovіk".

5. Vstanovlennya vіdpovіdalnostі pіdryadchika. "Obey Vikonavets postaviti OAO All dopomіzhnі silovі th іnformatsіynі system zrobiti nalagodzhennya vіdpovіdno to grafіka i zabezpechiti pervіsnu pіdgotovku staff."

Spetsifіkatsії project. Zadachі project oformlyuyutsya in spetsifіkatsіyu project in yakіy in pismovomu i grafіchnomu vidі іnformatsіya driven, scho vikoristovuєtsya for viznachennya rezultatіv i suputnіh minds.

Pіslya cob robіt Mauger viniknuti neobhіdnіst in quiet abo іnshih zmіnah in proektі. Zmіni buvayut dvoh vidіv: vnutrіshnі i zovnіshnі.

Vnutrіshnі zmіni: stosuyutsya zastosuvannya spetsifіkatsії. Napriklad at budіvnitstvі hіmіchnogo plant Bulo virіsheno vikoristovuvati Lots Other skhovische, yak slit іsnuvalo not at the time skladannya spetsifіkatsії.

Zovnіshnі zmіni: vinikayut in rezultatі rіshennya pokuptsya zmіniti spetsifіkatsіyu. Napriklad at zmіnі mіzhnarodnogo standard pokupets lіtaka virіshuє all navіgatsіyne ustatkuvannya zamіniti.

Strategіya project - tse sposіb dosyagnennya tsіley i pokaznikіv project. Strategіya rozbivaє project at Etap. Etap rozbivayut project pevnі chasovі promіzhki. Etap shaping can Buti Duzhe simple: Pochatkova, serednіy i kіntsevy.

Napriklad have vipadku rozrobki software zabezpechennya Etap shaping can Buti the following:

• Etap pіdgotovki spetsifіkatsіy - Obl_k vimog spozhivachіv, skladannya spetsifіkatsіy system;

• Etap rozrobki - viznachennya structure of the system i skladannya spetsifіkatsіy pіdsistem;

• Etap realіzatsії - rozrobka modulіv;

• Etap testuvannya modulіv - Leather module testuєtsya okremo;

• Etap postachannya - transmission system pokuptsevі.

Kontrolnі krapki - tse krapki have yakih vimіryuyutsya pokazniki hour (termіni) vartostі (vitrati) i of Quality. Kontrolnі krapki mozhut vikoristovuvatisya yak granitsі mіzh Etap. Napriklad for project televіzіynoї ADs Verification krapkami shaping can Buti:

1. Uzgodzhennya zagalnoї kontseptsії s klієntom;

2. Pіdgotovka th uzgodzhennya stsenarіyu;

3. Zyomka infomercial;

4. demonstration klієntovі Perche varіanta;

5. The remaining zyomka roller pogodzhenogo s klієntom.