home Management lecture notes Upravlіnnya special projects (abstract lektsіy NUDPSU)

Upravlіnnya special projects (abstract lektsіy NUDPSU)

5. Sіtove that calendar planuvannya

Aktualnіst danoї those obumovlena neobhіdnіstyu competent keruvannya great narodnogospodarskimi complexes i projects, Naukova doslіdzhennyami, konstruktorskoyu i tehnologіchnoyu pіdgotovkoyu virobnitstva, novih vidіv virobіv, budіvnitstvom i rekonstruktsієyu, kapіtalnim repair of fixed fondіv Shlyakhov zastosuvannya sіtovih models.

5.1 Sutnіst that Vidi calendar-sіtovih planіv

Calendar-sіtove planuvannya project viznachaє structure funktsіonalnih kompleksіv robіt, lines that osoblivostі їh vikonannya. Nayavnіst that control detailed grafіkіv robіt Je s one headache vimog project management pіslya cob yogo realіzatsії.

In protsesі realіzatsії proektіv vikoristovuyutsya rіznі calendar sіtovih planіv and the Same:

- Grafіki Gantt;

- Plan grafіki;

- Sіtovі grafіki (method otsіnki that analіzu warming up (the PERT) is the method of critical high road).

Grafіki (dіagrami) Gantt - tse gorizontalnі lіnіynі grafіki, SSMSC dostatno naochno predstavlyayut spіvvіdnoshennya hour vikonannya okremih robіt, zavantazhennya particular tehnologіchnogo obladnannya, ale not dozvolyayut vstanoviti logіchnі vzaєmozv'yazki that vzaєmoobumovlenіst rіznih vidіv robіt. Tom grafіk Gantt dotsіlno vikoristovuvati for yakіsnogo analіzu rіvnomіrnostі zavantazhennya virobnichih Area.

Plan grafіki in perelіk robіt vklyuchayut rіshennya about the result vikonannya robіt that dopomіzhnі robots (Informácie transmission control rezultatіv toscho), scho dozvolyaє pobachiti vzaєmnu obumovlenіst robіt, SSMSC vklyuchenі to plan.

Sіtovі grafіki - method osnovnі meta yakih polyagaє in fact dwellers maximum skorotiti trivalіst project stench vklyuchayut method of critical high road (UGS abo CPM - Critical Path Method) is the PERT - Program Evaluation and Review Techniqe)

Process sіtovogo planuvannya peredbachaє, scho all bude dіyalnіst described in viglyadі complex robіt for tsogo neobhіdno viznachiti:

• robіt list;
• osnovnі parametric robіt;
• viznachennya vzaєmozalezhnostey mіzh robots.

Otsіnki method that analіzu prog (PERT) - tse method sіtovogo analіzu scho orієntovany on podії i vikoristovuєtsya for otsіnki trivalostі project at visokіy mіrі neviznichenostі s otsіnkami trivalostі okremih robіt. PERT zastosovuє method for critical high road zvazhenoї otsіnki serednogo values trivalostі, vіn dozvolyaє priblizno otsіnyuvati mozhlivy hour completion robіt i rekomenduєtsya for analіzu proektіv s suttєvim rizikom.

Critical high road Method (CPM) (UGS) -) method sіtovogo analіzu scho vikoristovuєtsya forecast for trivalostі Project for Relief analіzu of yak poslіdovnіst robіt Got naymenshu rozrahunkovu gnuchkіst (the amount of the reserve).

Criticality Way - tse serіya robіt, yak viznachaє nayranіshe completion of the project. Tsei method dozvolyaє vstanoviti logіchnі vzaєmozv'yazki that vzaєmoobumovlenіst robіt and takozh vstanoviti hour vikonannya vіdpovіdnih robіt that plan in tsіlomu. Vazhlivim Elements sіtovogo grafіku Je bezperervna poslіdovnіst robіt.

In zalezhnostі od stage detalіzatsії vіdrіznyayut: pochatkovі, odinichnі that zvedenі sіtki.

Pochatkovі sіtki Je naybіlsh detalіzovanimi. Pong skladayutsya schotizhnevo on rіvnі specific vikonavtsіv, s vіdobrazhennyam vsіh robіt that їh vzaєmozv'yazkіv.

Odinichnі sіtki - bіlshe uzagalnenі, stink poєdnuyut pochatkovі sіtki danogo ob'єktu.

Zvedy sіtka poєdnuє Povny complex robіt vsіh ob'єktіv. Vaughn rozroblyaєtsya on osnovі іntegratsії Pochatkova that odinichnih sіtok.

Calendar planuvannya on UGS potrebuє deyakih vhіdnih danih. Pіslya їh zdіysnyuєtsya commissioning procedure is the direct passage on zvorotnogo sіtі that viznachaєtsya іnformatsіya about mozhlivі line project completion.

For rozrahunku calendar plan for UGS neobhіdnі nastupnі danі:

• nabіr robіt;
• vzaєmopov'yazanіst robіt;
• otsіnki trivalostі kozhnoї robots;
• Calendar robochem hour project (in deyakih vipadkah mozhlivo skladannya calendar for kozhnіy robotі);
• kalendarі resursіv;
• obmezhennya on the cob that zakіnchennya okremih robіt that etapіv;
• calendar date cob project.

Whether yak zmіna dati cob project bude mother naslіdkom zmіnu strokіv vikonannya kozhnoї robots.

Rіvnі upravlіnnya project yak usually vіdpovіdayut grafіkam vikonannya robіt s rіznim detalіzatsії stage. For great proektіv, SSMSC vklyuchayut dekіlka tisyach robіt, naybіlshe rozpovsyudzhennya Got trohrіvneva structure yak skladaєtsya s grafіkіv Perche, another that third rіvnіv:

• calendar grafіk project;
• enlargements calendar-sіtovy grafіk project;
• detalnі calendar-sіtovі grafіki proektіv.

Calendar grafіk project vіdobrazhaє osnovnі, uzgodzhenі s zamovnikom zobov'yazannya schodo zmіstu, strokіv that basic etapіv realіzatsії project. For the form - tse lіnіyny grafіk, yaky not vіdobrazhaє tehnologіchnih zv'yazkіv. Vikonannya tsogo grafіku kontrolyuє, yak usually kerіvnik pіdpriєmstva. Tsey grafіk staє obov'yazkovim pіslya pіdpisannya kontraktіv s zamovnikami. For svoїm zmіstom - tse grafіk for planuvannya that koordinatsії dіyalnostі zamovnika that pіdryadnika. In osnovі kіlkіsnih pokaznikіv tsogo grafіku Je koshtoris scho triptych by general koshtorisnimi standards vihodyachi s koshtorisіv ob'єktіv-analogіv. Obsyag robіt, Informácie that pokaznikіv in tsomu grafіku not valued.

Enlargement calendar-sіtovy grafіk project - tse sіtovy grafіk, yaky for stage detalіzatsії vіdpovіdaє koshtorisam for cutaneous ob'єktu project. Vіn priznacheny for upravlіnnya project vtsіlomu i sama yogo guilty kontrolyuvati project manager. Tsey rіven grafіku dozvolyaє porіvnyuvati zaplanovanі pokazniki s factuality that koriguvati plan.

Detalnі calendar-sіtovі grafіki proektіv bezposeredno pov'yazanі s koshtorisami locally. Tsі grafіki priznachenі for kerіvnikіv pіdproektіv abo vіdpovіdalnih for okremі samostіynі rozdіli abo Vidi robіt project (postachannya materіalіv, vikonannya budіvelnih abo spetsіalnih ozdoblyuvalnih robіt toscho). Vіdpovіdalnі for pіdproekti kontrolyuyut vikonannya tehnologіchnih vimog, dotrimannya vikonavtsyami grafіkіv robіt toscho. Іnformatsіya tsogo rіvnya neobhіdna for fіnansovoї zvіtnostі that for tsіley upravlіnnya.