home Culturology Articles Філологія. Methodology. Pedagogy

Філологія. Methodology. Pedagogy

Discourse і yogo dosleness

V.I. Krukovsky, Cand. Fіlol. Sci., Assoc., TA Korotig, Cand. Fіlol. Of sciences

Central inte- grative odnitel'yu movlenneєvoї діяльності, yaka to know its image in its own information (muddy / written text) - discourse. The term " discourse " resembles classic rhetoric, de vin means moivu, yak is rozglyadayatsya in dії, in real zastosuvannі. Tse dyal'nyi aspekt ponimtja zberihaєt'sya i yogo suhschonnomu tlumachennі. In such meaningful budomo yizhi i mi.

Theory discourse is a pragmatized form of the text of the birch bark in the concept of E. Benvenist, who has developed a plan for the development (rùcit) and a plan for discourse - movi, "to be appropriated by a moovite" . The discourse is reflected in the sub-eclectic psychology of people, and such a rank, can not be viewed in the theoretical mirkuvannya way. "Serednaya lyudina to ask, shhob іsnuvati, and not існує, Щоб милити, - writing Sh. Balli in 1961 р. - ... Навіть найбільш абстрактні речі represented at the motivated, missed through the prism of our needs, the need for a bazan, in the misty past of a subjective spriteattya "[1].

Typical rice discourse, yak rasshno zauvazhiv Benvenist, - yogo spivvidesnennost with specific participants movovnevogo act, tobto with the addressee and the addressee, and takozh mokonikativnym namiir mavtsya be some kind of vlivati ​​on the addressee. "Movlenia, - pidkreslyuvav vin, - slіd rozumiti ... in the widest possible sense, yak be-yak vyslovyuvannya, scho perebacha movtsya i rumhacha і namir first sing rank to fling on another ... Such a rank, rіznitsya, yaku mi conductivity між історичноюю (Rùcit) і мовленням (discours), ні в якому разі не збігається з різницею між письмовою й усною різновидами мови »[2].

Otzhe, pіd discourse mi вслід for GA Orlovim rozumієmo "category (natural) мовленіня, yak materіalіzuєtsya v vіgliadі іnnogo chi otvomennogo mіvnomu tvoru, vidnosno svіyshenogo v syllabnomu і structured vіdnoshennіі, dovzhina yakogo potentііno varіаtivna" [3]. Цю думку розділяють і французькі вчені [4; 5; 6].

Understanding " discourse " is spivvodnosne z poverttyamam "text" and is characterized by analogous parameters completed, tsіlісnostі, зв'язності і т. Д. Д.

Typological discourse should be conducted in two places - the vertical member of the penitentiary system for the principle of foul play to the extent and horizontally member of the discourse on the subject of the ideological discourse. The first article is to serve as a reference for the sphere of education, for the sake of seeing the political, legislative, scientific, and discourse. Friend pіdstava - social and ideological napezhnnost sub'ekta discourse (profspilkovy, patronalny, aristocratic, feudal). Discourse vidiljajutsja takozh on pідставі індивідуального a sub'ekta - discourse of Zhores, de Gaulle тощо.

The methodological basis of the discourse of discourse is to inform the riznomannist character. Napriklad, French speaking languages, and so on on її formulyannya vpluliuli takі rіznі straight, yak transformatsіynі grammatiki E. Herrisі and J. Dubois, grammar vіdmіnkіv C. Fillmore, concepts Benveniste and R. Jakobson, the activity of the Radiansky Mavoznavtsya VN Voloshinova. Sutcarny the French linguist L. Hespen vvazhaє, scho є pіdstavi talk about the French school analiza discourse yak about samostyniy naprymok [6].

Transformational methodology Herris is vikorostvuyutsya, napriklad, for vivchennya otochennya ideologichno meaning lexemes (type classe ouvriure, prolutaria). With the help of socialistic pragmatic factors (napriklad, rizne predstavnya odnієї thіії жіїї жінформації різними газетми). Methodological nastanova transformatsionnoi grammatiki z її bases and і похідними structures to find its відобрабраня in тезисі, згідно з яким discourse to be known між to itself in singing transformatsіno-parafrastichnih vіdnosinakh. Yak his genus Inventory of basic discourse is seen as the ranks of didactic discourse. All the people vvazhayutsya pohіdnimi, variantami vihіdnogo discourse.

Pid vplivom vchennya R. Jakobson about the functions of visluvlyuvanya, especially about metamovnu funktsiyu, and takozh pid vlivom problematics "lyudina in mobi" osobiva vygaga pridilyayatsya vivchennyu vivazhennya virazhennya sub'ekta vislovlyuvannya. In didactical discourse, the steps of the activity of the sub-eclipse are minimized. Vvazhaetsya, scho didactic discourse sprimayaetsya addressee yak "obektivny, neutral. The butt can serve as a scientific discourse, and such information is published in newspapers. Navpaks, in the subtype discourse sub'ect act active. Tom vіn сприймається target yak зв'язаний з певними намірами. Вивчаються мовні засоби - показники активності суб'єкта: модальні дієслова, услівники, способби вираження дії, form засеченчення тощо. For dossiers, discourses are characterized by those, such as stinks vrahovuyut such extralinguistic factor, yak umovi komunikatії, її concrete історико-культурні й соціологічні моменти. Communicative-pragmatic nationality vivchennaya discourse otvuyut svoe vyyavlennya u viznachennyi zalizhnosti viboru movnykh zavoby v vid status of the addressee.

Literature

1. Bally Sh. French stylistics. - Moscow: Izd. Inostr. Lit.-ry, 1961. - 394s.

2. Benvenist E. General Linguistics. - Moscow: Progress, 1974. - 447p.

3. Orlov G. A. Modern English speech. - Moscow: Higher School, 1991. - 240s.

4. Chaveau G. Analyze du discours politique. - Paris: Dalloz, 1978. - 325p.

5. Dubois J., Giacomo M., Guespin L. Dictionnaire de linguistique. - Paris: Larousse, 1974. - 629 r.

6. Guespin L. Types de discours, ou fonctionnement discursifs // Langages. - No. 41, 1976. - P. 44-57.