Історія України - Subtelium Orest

Zanepad Kiyeva

Polystyrene rozdroblenost . Not wiklikaye podivu those, scho through pіvіvnyano short perіod bastriene the first kievskimi rulers об'єднання lands почало ропапатися. An analogous share of the world's intellectuals, the Zokrem's power of Charlemagne. Tsim great, hoch і primitivnim, politichnim utovorennny simply mowed in the technical support of those organisatsionnyh structures in order to exaggerate the extensive period of the trivial hour. At Rusi Rurikovich through the members of its own rozgaluzhenoi dynasties, the lands of the land were privately secured. Hoch tsevalo rivno stilki, skilki mizh princes bula zgoda schodo, hto sered them nastastshy i, ozhe, mav right to the supreme power. Z povshennyam takoї one-stajnostі rіzko slabshali родові та особисті узи між різним князівствами.

Protecting more than one aspect of the problems of sexually destructive. Z peremohuyu principle of the decadent succession of the estate (patrimony) over the system of seniority of the rotary work of Yaroslav the Wise prince of the birth all glibshe started up a line at their own Batkivsky lands, for them, the deed of obviousness was the fact that the women, and not the Kyiv, A kind of sharpening without boring. String of the XII century. Виникло від 10 to 15 such udіlnyh princes , naybіlshimі з яких були Галицько-Волинське , Володимиро-Суздальське , Новгородське , Чернігівське та Смоленське . Skin is a little unflattering political, economical and cultural status. Унаслідок цього Київська Русь попопово переведлася on tsіle з багама the centers, по'яязаними спільними релігійними those cultural traditions, dynastic bonds. Prote centrs ti buli, the most significant world, were often driven by themselves.

To vidokremlennyam new and new princes of Bagatia, the population of that land of Kiev has changed to such a world, but before it a little chim entered the princedoms. Vlasne Todi Misto Kiev with prilegliym teritorii began to nazivatsya "Ruskoyu earth" - a vulgar word rozumnіnny. That nezvazhayuchi ni na shchoo, Kiev zalishavsya great prinada. That, hto zavoyovuvav yogo, not only written by the prestige of the ruler of the " Mother of the Rus, " but I could claim the supremacy in the dynasty of Rurikovich. Oskilki in Kiev is alive Metropolitan і were known as the head of the monastery, deprived of the non-transitional cultural and cultural heritage, which is not a political center of Rusia. Навіть із зменшенням свого населення й територій Київ з довколилиімиіми замы зашався one із найбільш розвинених і густозаселених князівств на всій Україні.

Protect the transference of Kieva buly with water and yogurt. Prodovzhuvalysya nevshchuhayuchі zvary mizh princes for the city. Український історик Stefan Tomashevsky підрахував, що між 1146 і 1246 рр. 24 prince 47 times ruled in Kiev. Z them one sіm разів having borrowed a throne, п'ять prince ruled three times кожен, and вісім - on two times. Characteristically, the prince of 35 prives less than the fate of the leather. One prince pospoemu pidishshov to the problems of Kiev. Pobojuchychis vtratiti vladu over zavoyovanim Kiivom, and takozh us agayuchis not admit, shchob misto zatmaryuvalo yogo vlasnі zrostayuchy volodinnya na pіvnіchnomu mozhi, volodimiro-suzdalsky prince Andriy Bogolyubsky, tsey pogodnnik dukeskih princes, in 1169 r. Attacking the city of Kiev and dikunskomu pobrabuvav yogo. Misto so nikoli vzhe not dulyaglo kolyshnyo velichi.

Economical stand . Order із політичнимими problems існували й господарські. Yak mi mi vzhe perezvidchilsya, roztashuvannya Kiyeva on the great trading shlyahu "iz varyagiv from the Greeks" played an important role in yogo pidnesennny. З кінця XI ст. The meaning of the zhiogo shlyahu zameshuvatsya first. Tse little zgubnі nasilodki for ekonomiki Kieva. Заповзятливі італійські купці, обминаючи Київ, established straight lines зв'язки між Візантією, Малою Азією та Близьким Сход, з одного боку, та Західною Європою - з іншого. In addition, the prince of the Rus, they were at war with themselves, it was important to steal along the Dnipro River in order to attract kochovikivs. At 1204 r. Torgovelnі зв'язки Києва have known a new blow, if the hour of the trekking expedition bouleau was ransacked by Constantinople. Vodnochas having entered the peridom of the village, fall into oblivion quartered Abbasid Khalifat, the capital of Baghdad. Внаслідок цього Київ having lost two of the most important partners in the trade. Ці економічні лиха застрили й без напружені стосунки між оагатим і бідним поселенням міста, often prizvodyachi up to the social vibuks. Z sііyy osnovnnistyu great kolis capitals Rusі politichne, ekonomichno that sotsіalne zapepadala.

Mongolo-Tatar . A good nemesis for Kiyova buli yogo longtime enemies - kochoviki. Prote nytyazhchogo hit zavdali Kievu not polovtsi, oskilki po tenitiltyah protracted that viznazhlivoї for the supernikivs borotby ruskі princes established by the tsimi tribes postinyi stosunki, and the politician princes naveit joined shlyubny zv'yazki with the representatives of the Polovtsy nobility. The Mongolo-Tatari, who wore a perverse blow, wore Kyiv.

Hocha pogodzhennya Mongolo-Tartar is not installed permanently, vidomo, scho in the XII century. The stink of wandering in the prikordonnyh lands to China. Mayzhe all his strength and energy stinked on mizhpleminnyi ta rodovі konflikti for miserable pasovisk. In the last ten days of the XII century. In the midst of them, the leader of the city of Temujin (in 1206 pp., Having seized the high title of Chingizkhan, tobto khan above the khans), who acquainted with the uninvited: vdayuchisya to the power of the half-political intrigues, vin obeden voroguyuchy tribes, zmusivshi Ix to know your absolute authority. We stepped into the yogo crook became the spinning of the velikchevskiy vіys'koy force that agresivnosti tsikh tribes proti suisidnyh nekochovikh tsivilizatsiy.

Mongolo-tatarsky vіyska, shо ніколи не були багаточисельними (naybіshe vіd 120 to 140 ти.ї воїнів), зате завечичайно рухливими, good organizovaniemi blskuchche kerovami, spojatku підкорили China, Serednyu Aziyu та Іран. In 1222 r. Mongolo-Tatarsky zagin pereishov Caucasus and attacking the polovtsiv. Polovetsky Khan Kobyak zvernnushsya by dopomogu up to a few Russian princes, scho pidrtimali yogo. In 1223 r. Об'єднані русько-половецькі сили зустрілися біля річки Kalki with the Mongolo-Tatars and in the zhorstokіy battle have learned terrible fears. Along the Mongols, nato rozporoshivshi own, virishili do not correlate with the help of thy turn back, dodomu. Ruskі prince svidko forgot that the catastrophic vipadok, having lost its prerogative from the internal cavity. Prote in 1237 r. On the cordons of Rusі z'yavilosya is stronger than the Mongol-Tatarske ryisko on cholі with the onych of Chingizkhan Batiem. Vognem і мечем зрунувало воно міста Ryazan, Suzdal i Volodimir, and in 1240 р. Went to Kyiv. Hocha mіsceviy prince Mihailo vtіk, gorodyani na cholі z voevodoyu Dmitrom, scho yogo having sent Danilo Galitsky, virishili defending himself against attacks. Obloga mista bula trivaloy y zhorstokoyu th navnit kolly Mongolo-Tatari podlali miski mudi, baich was baited for the skin of the volition and for the leather budik. Нарешті на.початку грудня 1240 р. Київ having fallen під blows of the Mongolo-Tatars.

Історики часто ділять політичну історію Київської Русі на три періоди. The first period - shvidkogo zorostannya - hunt me Mayzhe 100 rockiv - from 882 rubles, if on the throne in Kiev, Oleg, before the death of Svyatoslav in 972 r. Bazuyuchis u vigidno roztashovanomu in strategicheskomu plan Kiєvі, varyazkі prince pidporyadkuvali sobi nayvazhlіshіsu trade artery on Dnipro - "shlyakh iz varyagiv u greeki", pikodoryli skіdnoslov'yanskyi tribes and znischili its own supernik ny in ts'omu regiiony. So boulo regratore velikchez gospodarke d politichne obnednennya, zdatne nd ready to throw a wicked wicked Візантійськійімімперії.

The other period hunted the prince of Volodymyr the Great (980-1015) that of Yaroslav the Wise (1034-1054), which was a bullet in which he conquered and conquered the top of the political stability and economic stability of the cultural development. On the counter, the territorial zrostannya alternate periodu here perevazhaet vnutrishnyi rozvitok. Дедаі відчутнішим стає the law and order. Nadzvichajno it is important bole in vprovazhenzhennia hristijanstva, scho has brought a new culture and dokorinno zmіnilo svitosprimannja that self-vigilance of the population of Kyiv Rusko.

Ostannii period characterize the futile ruinous princes, zrostayucha zanroza attacks kochovih tribes and ekonomichny zastіy. Acts of history are brought to light, but all the priests have come ashore with the death of Yaroslav the Wise at 1054 r. Інші схильні вбчати початки занепаду після князювання останніх встанх правителів Києва-Володимира Monomakh (1113-1125) that yogo sina Mstislav (1125-1132). So chi іnakshe, if prince Suzdal Andriy Bogolyubsky in 1169 р. Having bought і розорив Київ, and потім вирішив залившити його, having turned around at his own північно-східні землі, it became evident that the political and economic significance of Kyiv's douche had fallen. Residual zirujunvannya Kieva Mongolo-Tatars in 1240 r . Commemorated the tragedy of Kiev, Kyiv, the first part of Ukraine.