Istoria Ukrainy - Subtelny Orest

SUSPІLSTVO Q CULTURE KIЇVSKOЇ RUSІ

H point Zora polіtichnoї organіzatsії Legshei vstanoviti, yakoyu not bula Kyivska Rus, nіzh those yakoyu Won bula. Kyivska Rus has not been viewed powers in Suchasnyj rozumіnnі words. Rozglyadati її yak Taku - it meant b pripisuvati їy vischy rіven polіtichnoї organіzatsії, nіzh Tse Bulo naspravdі. Vaughn is not small tsentralіzovanogo upravlіnnya ni, ni vseohoplyuyuchoї that rozgaluzhenoї byurokratichnoї system. Єdiny phone reception mіzh Volodar th pіdvladnimi, nasampered nemіskim population іsnuvav in formі Zborov Danini. In polіtitsі knyazі keruvalisya NKVD chi dinastichnimi іnteresami, nerіdko іgnoruyuchi require powers i suspіlstva. Polіtichnі stosunki boule mlyavimi, mіnlivimi th neviraznimi and polіtichnі problems often rozv'yazuvalisya Relief for Sealy. Well all the I zrostav rіven polіtichnoї, sotsіalnoї that ekonomіchnoї organіzatsії Kiїvskoї Rusі, rozvivalasya її culture; vіdtak zavdannya danogo rozdіlu polyagaє in oznayomlennі s basic risami tsogo processes.

Polіtichny ustrіy

Before the arrival of the main varyagіv polіtichnoyu odinitseyu skhіdnih slov'yan vistupalo plem'ya. Skupі vіdomostі about їhnyu plemіnnu company profile svіdchat about those scho in the hands of the leader of the genus i plemenі zoseredzhuvalasya wide Vlad vikoristannya yakoї diktuvalosya zvichaєm i traditsіyami. Vazhlivі power virіshuvalisya Shlyakhov Zgoda mіzh starіyshinami, SSMSC zbiralisya on plemіnnі for the first boule panіvnimi line-item polіtichnogo Zhittya, pochinayuchi s naynizhchogo rіvnya - community (world zadruga) th right up nayvischogo rіvnya - an alliance of tribes, such yak, skazhіmo, іsnuvav in clearings, sіveryan i Drevlyane. Centers polіtichnoї Vladi boule chislennі obnesenі plemіnnі stockade settlement, scho vinikali to cleansed od lіsu uzvishshyah, dovkola yakih selilisya The members of plemenі.

On Qiu plemіnnu system skhіdnih slov'yan Vikings naklali svoї komertsіyne i vіyskove zorієntovanі FORMS organіzatsії, vstanovivshi Sered mіstsevih tribes takі order i Yednist, SSMSC allows їm efektivnіshe gospodaryuvati. Naybіlshimi "Volodar" їhnіh torgovelnih of companies The members of the boule dinastії Ryurikovichіv, i sama stink Somalia naybіlshe pributkіv i Vladi. Prote oskіlki knyazі great mіroyu stale od squad, then digit Quantity svoєї tarry їm arguments dіliti s warriors. Characteristically, scho odnієyu s basic Turbota Perche kiїvskih pravitelіv Bulo pragnennya zadovolniti Vlasnyi druzhinnikіv, dwellers stink not to pereyshli supernika. W poshirennyam vplivu varyagіv polіtichna Vlad zoseredzhuvalasya in mіstah scho vinikali on the main shopping Shlyakhov. Nayvazhlivіshim іz Tsikh mіst CCB Kiev.

Kiїvskim prince neodnakovіy mіrі go monopolіzuvati Vlad. Before pravlіnnya Yaroslav the Wise in the XI century seredinі. naybіlsh chestolyubnim, talanovitim i zhorstokim members dinastії neodnorazovo go zahoplyuvati Kievskiy stіl that utverdzhuvati zverhnіst over his brother that іnshimi competitors. In Tsey perіod silnoї Vladi strimuvalisya vіdtsentrovі tendentsії that zabezpechuvalasya Yednist volodіn. Uslіd for reform of Yaroslav the Wise in sistemі uspadkuvannya Vladi for yakoyu cutaneous member Shvydko zrostayuchoї dinastії Ryurikovichіv otrimuvav practicality chi theoreticity chastku volodіn, Pocha detsentralіzatsіya Vladi. Vnaslіdok tsogo Grand Duke of Kiev The vreshtі-Rasht becoming not bіlshe nіzh titulovannosti head dinastichno zv'yazanogo conglomerate knyazіvstv scho bezperervno voroguvali mіzh him.

Nakreslivshi in zagalnih risah polіtichny rozvitok Kiїvskoї Rusі, zvernіmosya to mehanіzmіv through SSMSC zdіysnyuvalasya Vlad. Nayvazhlivіshimi them boule s Reigning Vlad glad boyars (the thought) that Zborov gorodyan (Viche). Cutaneous s Tsikh іnstitutsіy Bula viyavom vіdpovіdno monarhіchnoї, aristokratichnoї that demokratichnoї tendentsіy in polіtichnomu ustroї of Kyiv. Vlad th prestige, scho them koristuvavsya Prince, in his Cherga zobov'yazuvali yogo zabezpechuvati pіddanim spravedlivіst, the order i Zahist. In vikonannі svoїh vіyskovih funktsіy Prince nasampered stale od squad. In razі require bіlshih vіyskovih zbiralosya militia forces gorodyan abo, rіdshe, wires zagalna mobіlіzatsіya. Chiselnіst tsogo bula vіyska vіdnosno small - ere blizko 2-3 yew. cholovіk and the second less then. Analogіchno suspіlstvam, scho no slit Mali derzhavnoї organіzatsії, upravlіnnyam knyazіvstvom in tsіlomu Ziman takozh osobistі servants prince takі, zokrema, yak dvoretsky, upravlyayuchy maєtkom that INSHI, oskіlki not іsnuvalo chіtkoї rіznitsі mіzh Reigning th Private upravlіnskimi funktsіyami. In vіddalenі Mista i zemlі knyazі priznachali posadnikіv, scho, yak usually rob s chlenіv vlasnoї homeland. On periferіynih lands will Prince vikonuvav tisyatsky mіstsevogo militia Zi svoїmi pіdleglimi. Pravosuddya administer the prince chi priznachenі him suddі zgіdno s "Ruska Pravda" Yaroslav the Wise. Zrozumіlo scho Reigning Vlad small pershochergove value in upravlіnnі Kiїvskoї Rusі, ale once іz note poєdnannya in nіy vіyskovoї, sudovoї that admіnіstrativnoї funktsіy svіdchit, naskіlki system tsya bula vіdnosno nerozvinenoyu th primіtivnoyu.

In fіnansuvannі svoєї dіyalnostі knyazі nasampered stale od Danini. Zgoda rozvinulasya skladnіsha opodatkuvannya system scho include skin Gospodarstwa (yak nazivalosya "Dim" abo "plow"). Before іnshih Jerel Knyazhye dohodіv nalezhali Mito on torgіvlyu, fee sudochinstvo i fines. Ostannі skladali vazhlive dzherelo pributkіv, oskіlki kiїvskі Zakoni schodo retribution for zlochin vіddavali perevagu penny viplatam before the death karoyu.

Rejoice Over th pіdtrimkoyu Prince musiv zvertatisya to boyarskoї Dumi - body scho Winick іz chlenіv senior squad, bagato s yakih boule naschadkami varyazkih vatazhkіv chi slov'yanskih plemіnnih vozhdіv. Pіznіshe Location in dumі dіstali th tserkovnі ієrarhi. Funktsії Dumi nіkoli chіtko not viznachalisya, and the prince did not CCB zobov'yazany raditisya s it. Against іgnoruyuchi її, vіn rizikuvav pozbutisya pіdtrimki s side tsogo vplivovogo body scho represents usyu Boyarka know. Tom knyazі, yak usually take up uwagi pozitsіyu boyarskoї Dumi. Democratically polіtichnogo arrange side of Kyiv reprezentuvalo Viche, Zborov gorodyan abo scho slit to vinikli appeared knyazіv i obviously resembled od plemіnnih glad skhіdnih slov'yan. Viche call together Prince abo gorodyanami, if vinikala require poraditis abo visloviti their Dumka. Sered power, obgovoryuvanih on vіchі, boules vіyskovі hiking, ukladennya land, prestolonaslіduvannya, rozpodіl Posad in derzhavі, organіzatsіya vіyska. Viche could kritikuvati abo skhvalyuvati knyazіvsku polіtiku, ale vono not enough rights viznachati his Vlasnyi polіtiku chi vidavati law. Prote, if at prestolі sіdav Novi prince Viche could uklasti s sake it formally ( "row") for Prince yakoyu zobov'yazuvavsya not perehoditi traditsіyno vstanovlenih between Vladi schodo vіcha and vono in its Cherga viznavalo over them yogo Vlad. Hoca right to take fate in vіchі sіmey Mali head, factual on vіchovih gatherings panuvala mіska kupetska know yak peretvoryuvala їh the arena mіzhfraktsіynih superechok.