Історія України - Subtelium Orest

Берестейська унія 1596 р.

At the very moment, a shipment of 1054 rubles. The nation looked at both the Catholic and the Orthodox churches. In Ukraine, interrogative commerce was ridden in the XIII century, while the Florentine cathedral, which was visited by 1439 r., Tsiu іdeju little boolo zdіysneno. Prote on the shttyh priblivogo for his sutty ponyattya hristianskoy єдності lay the table vzєmnnoy підозріливості та недоброзичливості. Orthodox Nynbils pobyuvalysya, scho in razi obedennya mozhnnya katolitskaya tserkva namagatimetsya pidporyadkuvati їh sobі. Tsi pobyuyvannya buli nebezpіdstavnimi, bod XV XV century. Vpenneni vlasnіy zhverostі polski catholics domagalisya unyi, spodivayuchis, scho vona neminuche bring up to the asymmetry of the orthodox Ukrainians and the farther widow vplyiv polskogo katolitsizmu. In the 1577 р. The great rozgolosu nabuv arguing tractate Piotra Skargi "About the Week of the Church of God" . Vodnochas єzuїti actively perekonuvali Ukrainian magnates підтримати ідею унії. Navit the prince Ostrozky, disobedient, but in principle, is good for unya. And Sigizmund III. A venerable Catholic, and a vichoriste with a strong authority for the struggle of the tsii. Krim religinnyj zapalu, up to uni yogo skiliali pevnі polіtichnі mirkuvannya, oskilki vona tісnіше зв'язала б Україна та Білорусію з Річчю Посполитою й віддалила б їх від небезпечного впливу сусідньоої православної Московії.

Yak is not marvelous, bezposerednіy zaklik before укладення унії supposing the Orthodox side. In the 1590 r. The Orthodox Bishop of Gideon Balaban of Lvov , the outcasts with bezpinechkami surepechkami of the brotherhood, and more bolshe - netaktvnim vtruchannyam konstantinopolskogo patriyarkha, having crushed the pitania about unyu in Rome at the taemnіy sostrychy Orthodox bishops of Belzi. Krim Balabana, the speaker of the vivchiti chain, the three Bishops were waiting: Kirilo Terletsky , Lutsk , Dionisy Zbiruiskyi із Kholma ta Leontiy Pelchitsky and Turov. Згодом до змовників пристав Іпатій Potіy z Volodimira. At the same time Terletskiy Tse energetically recently vyvjazhenyh feudal і kolyshnіy kalvinіst becoming on чоolі змови і bіпіпіві уклядення унії.

Tsimi bishops cherished yak vlasnі Іnteresi, so і schara zanepokochestnost to the share of the church. Vony virili, scho vysokoavtoritetna ibo organizovana katolitskaya tserkva vprovadit sredned orthodox zhadaniy order ta disciplina. And the priests decreed that the prestige of the priests of the clergy in the middle of the clergy and those of the laity was inherited. Having become a part of the Catholic Church, orthodox, on the dumpling of the cichs ¬ bipolis, the rusting of the rnivopravnost at the Rech Pospolitiy, the Ukrainians will not be more discerning discrimination in the mosques, but the Orthodox need to stop ignoring the rosy subjugation of the servants. More than that. Єbiropi теж мали б вигоду від унії, bo, otrimavi rіvnyy c katolytsіkimі hіrarchіami status, stinks became members of the vlivovogo Senate. Spoiled by such privativimi perspectives, having established a group of taemnyh zustrichey with korolivskimi urodovtsyami, catholic bishops that papa nuntsієm, chotiri orthodox bishops waited at the chervnі 1595 р. Umlasti mіzh svoeєyu tserkvoyu tu Romeom uniu. For the minds of the guarantors of the tradition of Orthodox Orthodox rituals, and such such zvichaiv, yak the right of the priests of the brother shlyu, stinked prihimali supreme authority Rome in sysyh right on the right, that dogma. Наприкінці 1595 р. Terletsky and Poti traveled to Rome, de Pope Clement VIII having raided the office of the Vinnytsia.

If there is a sign about the unia, the Orthodox community vibuhnula vid oboryrenya. Nayvidatnyshy її predstavnik prince Ostrozky bev rozlucheny not by myself uniєyu, and tim, in a certain way її укладено. At widely rozpusyugzhennomu vidkrytomu leaf vin obolosiv chotirihh ibiropіv "wolves in the sheep skin", yakі zaradili his flock, and zaklikav vyryuchih before the protest. Nadislavsky office scam to the king, the yaku boole was ignored, Ostrozky entered the anti-Catholics Spit with Protestants, pogrozhyuchi pidnati zbroyne rebellion. Vodnochas in all the Ukrainian and Belarusian lands, the Orthodox knew the way for its sake (sejmiki), in some gnivno zasuzhuvala unyu. Perelyakan such podiyami, ініціатори всієї правиіїпископов Балабан і Копистенський зареклися своїх колег has been struck about its formal opozitsіy unyi.

Щоб розв'язати конфлікт, in 1596 р. In m. Beresti (Brest) buk a church church clique . Nіколи не бачили Україна і Білорусія of such grandiose zbornіv clergy. The opponents of the unity represented two brazen-faced Bishops, orthodox hierarchs because of the cordon, dozens of people representing the nobility, and 200 priests of the same number of laymen. Vodnochas taborii її pribіchnіvі bula zhmenka catholic dignitaries, korolіvskih uryadovtsіv і four Orthodox bishops. From the very beginning, it became obvious, but the sides can not know the dream movement. Zrozumivshi, scho talk not maly nyakogo sensu, pribichniki uni publichno piddverdili svoi naimari uklastii.

Unsightly on the protest, that threatened, the Orthodox sides did not vanish into the zmusiti їх відступти або abolish the fact that the king having pushed over the posad. So Ukrainsky suspolstvo rossolosya navepil: from one side - orthodox magnates, the priestess of the clergy is the people's masi, at that time, the best is the colony of the hierarchs, the king of the merchants who are paid by the king. Unaligned in the world of situations, if the church has settled without exception and without his sirerhiv. Those who, as soon as they began to eat, demanded that the churches of Christendom should be established, they would be given to the sublime rozhdrybneny, but today the two churches have shrunk into three churches: the Catholic, the Orthodox, and the Uniat. Abo Greco-Catholic. Yak її zgodom became nazivati.

Rel . Field . Superechki nravko Beresteskoe Uni gave birth to the rage of polemical writers. The first and the number of articles was postponed by the lack of a verbal binding of the notorious зу зу є Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска Ска (1597 р.) . Osoredki orthodox science gave to ynogo negajnu vidpііd. In the same vein published the Polish (and in 1598, the Ukrainian) , the monk Apocrysis, the sharp gentry Marcin Bronyevsky, who wrote a pseudonym Christopher Philalet . In tsiomu polemicheskomu creativity vikrilosya vidstupnitsuto Greco-Catholic є bishops, pidtverdzhuvalasya legnist conducted at the Cathedral of the Russian Orthodox Church. Z type for shlyati pidozryolivstyu to vishchoy vladi, intermingled with Protestant ideals, Bronyevsky vykdynuv czih ibiscopiv on wiklychne right priymati rishennya shodo zhittya church. Doshkulnіy satirі піддав греко-католиків у своїх памфлетх інший представник острозького гуртка - Клірик Острозький. Trochy zgodom, in 1605 rivers, taking the fate of the orthodox polemic, taking the fate of Lviv. Do not write down the author of the treatise on the nazvoyu "Perestroyka" zoserevedisya vikritti tih hisisticheskikh motiviv, yaki keruvali Greco-Catholic bishops. On the side of Greek Catholics, one of the wards of the author respects Lisha, the author is Ipatiy Poty. At 1599 rubles, korostoychish good rozvinuti priyomenami єzuїtiv, vin publikuvav Ukrainsky monoi svy "Antiapokrisis" - biased vidpovid on polemicheskiy vyhston Bronyevsky.

Chi is not nayasrakravshim orthodox writer of the peroodu buv Ivan Vishensky , Galician, scho proviv bilshu part of his life (alive vіn vіn thі між 1550 та 1620 рр.) Як чернець-відлюдник у Греції на горі Афон. Вишенський був the fanatical defencist of Orthodox traditional. At its own forgiven and jakravikh prozovikh creams. Such yak "Sent to the bishops - adherents of the Orthodox" and "Pokotru Skarzi" , "Tawru" greco-catholic. Prote vin takozh criticize the Orthodox, pidkreslyuyuchi his yizm, love to Roskosiv, the rose of the nobility, the meddles of the clergy, the enemies of the totality of the church. Shirou vbolivayachi for the holy people, Vyshensky Buw iodinim, hto mourning zakripakchennya villagers and fearlessly vikrivav їхніх визискувачів. Проти всіх вад українського суспільства він бачив лише один засіб: цілком відкинути усі нові віяння, including so-called "yazichnitskiy cunning, yak grammatika, rhetoric, dialektika ta іnshi ganebnі spokusi", and turn back to the old Orthodox church.

Literature of productions of the field of boule is insignificant after the oath. By a stretch to a few dozens of rock'n'roll discussions, the representatives of the warrior skaters' tales have once written a 20-ZO creativity. That stinkingly read and patched up at the courts quietly ignored the magnates, whichever the Orthodox was, in the strict adherence to the brotherhoods in all Ukraine. Drowning suzpilstvo in chiu pershu for ynogo spravzhnyu ideologichnu polemiKu, stinked pidnesennuyu rivnya yogo sividomlennya himself and his own world in the overcast.

Релігійна полеміка кінця XVI - cob of the XVII century. Visivitil a number of problems of Ukrainian sspіlstva. Vona піднесла дедалі зстастаючу напруженість між Polscheyu ta Ukrainoyu visokomotsіyny іdeologologichny riven. Katolitska Poland now used to disregard the Ukrainian syspnism. That Ukrainians expensive kostuvala cultural confrontation with the Poles: Won zmusila Ukrayinka top vybirati mizh voznosyu zastigloju ta zubozhiloyu cultural fall-out and denture polska-katolitskoyu culture. It is not marvelous, but greatness bilshist priymala catholitic zgodom neodmіnno polonizuvalasya. Внаслідок цього українці втратили еліту - the szlachta. Cі явища мали епохальне значення в їхній подальшій історії.

Іншим pobіchnym product confrontation між orthodox Catholics, scho mav faraway, becoming, zokrema, поділ українців на дві конфесії. Tse povklo corn bugatom rіzkim vіdmіnnostyu, які пізніше розвинулися між східними та західними українцями. The protec tion of the periode nis is not unimportant for the Ukrainian syspilism: the relegation pole has sprung up to the cultural podium, and the Voronezh with the Poles has fought for the utmost admission of Ukrainians with their self-sufficiency.