Історія України - Subtelium Orest

THE GREATER OF RELIGION

Rebellion 1648 р. Became one of the worst in the Ukraine. Повстання аналогічних масштабів, сили й наслідків і справді important to know on the first stages of the new world of Europe. Ale chomu sama Ukraine? Have the authorities of Siberia risen up to this grandiose vibucha? Щойно освоєні Київщина, Брацлавщина та Чернігівщина, scho became the arena of the insurgency, the bullets are not uninhabitable in the Rech Pospolitiy, but in the common city. In the first place, the earths were littered with chi not naimogutnishim that naybagatshim in Європі magnates, and in a friend, їх populating people, ready and building rishusha borotisya for his own. Іnakshche kazuchi, in the newly-founded Ukraine one of the most well-heeled in the feudal lords-gnobitels caught up with one of the nineteenth-century nations.

The great world of the situation of the bullet, that Ukraine, has played the role of the cordon. Vlasne, the presence of the "Wild Field" was curbed by the vinnykennya kozatstva and gave zmogu magnates nazbirati velichche zemelvodinnya. Vibuchovist situatsії posiljuvavsya slabkisty korolіvskoї vladi in the Rech Pospolitiy. Not in zmozi vlasynimi forces defend the cordons, the king giving magnates velikchenі dіlyanki zemlі for umovi, scho stony sami zahishchatimut їх. З тієї ж causi він мовчки погоджувався, hoch і лише до певної міри, із зростанням козацтва. Prote iz shvidkim posilenenyam oboh tsikh ovische korolivskiy detachment lost their control over them and did not rob them, but they began to get bogged down on the Ukrainian frontier.

Naperne the Great Insurrection

Hoch magnate great world sprinkled up to the development of chi, yak wandered Polish polls of the XIX century, "tsivilizuvannya" of Ukraine, the stench of booze was a chinnik of unstable napruzhenosty, but became crony horseshoes of suspenstva. Keruyuchis principle of "strong zavzhdi rule", stinks postyyno vdavalisya to violence at the conflict zі svoyimi pidleglimi ti іshimi magnates. Ці егоцентричні, анархічні тренції, а також слабкість to the authority of korolіvskoї vladi at pobrezhnyh lands zmusili polikіv viznati, scho "on Ukraine to rule lawlessness." Scrolling magnates to zastosuvannya rough nalyaskravshis appeared in the old stanovlenny to the villagers. Having established vіlnі vіd subordination slobodі і іn thіѕ way оf lіgаlіvіvіy іn hіmіchnyі zemelіvodіnіya sel'janstvo, the stinkers imposed settlements on settlements, yak tіlki minav termin slobody. Wimogs of the gentry died, especially on the yak of the Kozak-Selyansky insurrection, they got up, called out the residual remnants of 1638 r.

Recently, young villagers have been hobbled about in their own paniwis for three or four days. Dodatkovo stinks mali vikonuvati on the corridor feudalizov riznomannitnyi povinnosti, vodnochas prodovzhuyuchi splav in korolivsku treasury podatku for hutu that leanness. That tsyogo bslo bogged down: the magnates often set up their own wives in a rent, with a forsaken opridar, they took off their surname in a pributok of a mustache, but a building was made in the settlement of villages, and the village was reinstalled. Orders often appeared євреї, які not мали the rights to be dragged by the earth, and лише could орендувати її. Napriklad, in the velikozhnih volodinney genus Ostrozky sidilo 4 yew. Orendarev-євреїв, and in 1616 р. More than half of the Ukrainian lands, but Korona lay, were rented by єврэськими підприємцями. Pragnuchi turn with a surplus of contributions made by them in a short period of two or three rock, the stink of mercilessly seduced villagers, they vilnazhuvali earth, not dyayuchi about Maybutny nalidki. Neridko orendar vimagav, shchob seljani pratsyuvali on ynogo on shist-sіm dnіv, viganyachi їх at the field for dopomogo magnate servants.

Іншою order оренди became наданя тимчасової монополії on виробництво і sales горілки та тютюну орендареві, який потім вимагав від селян яку загод за payment for ці високо ціновані продукти. There is no use of food, but everything has not given out to the people-orendarians of popularity in the middle of the Ukrainian population. Beyond the words of the English historian Norman Dayvs, the fate of євреїв in the zhorstokії експлуатації селян шлыетсько-єврейською спілкою "була єдиною найвагомішою the cause of thіії страшної відплати, що not once fall on them at maybutnyomu."

Nevvdovolennya zrostalo і in інших верствах українського суспільства. Specifika gubernachchy zoomovlivala stanovishche, if the bagatoes of small shoino zasnovanih mst ​​buly slightly zahischeni vіd magnatsky zazihan. In Kiev, the Bratslavshchina in towns lived close to half of the entire population, but the three-and-a-half-bolshe, nizh be-de in the Rech Pospolitiy. Hoch voni mali status mist, and deeds naveit Magdeburzke right, bilshist ikh was a fortune for themselves, zvedenni for zahistu vid Tatars sovyh mehkantsyv (a great part of which borrowed from the Silesian government). Напіваграрна the nature міст і те, що розміщувалися вони on the lands of magnates, gave олігархам привід ставити під сумнів status міщан і вимагати від them виконання обтяжливих повинностей і фити податків. Ob'ektom uzhskiv і ekspropriаcії z boku magnativ became naveet dribna to know, povazhna part of the anchor all boule orthodox. The ungainfulness of that gymnastics, or the "valves", was pestering them in such vypadkas, leaving behind their backs, bullets clawed. To the advanced development of the teritory, the zealous villagers became all the more important than the lands of the uninhabited earth; Vodnochas kozatstvo, scho traditionally privalblovalo naybіlsh nevdovolenі елементи, після 1638 р. Became zhorstoko prizdushuvatysya.

На відміну від селян in other parts of Речі Посполитої та навіть у Західній Україні мешканці Nadnnipryanschyni did not know the towel kripachchini and did not put priymati її. Nezvazhayuchi those, yak їх класифікували magnates, bagatoes from them vvazhali themselves people vіnimi. Sered kozatstva svoeridnim dogma vri boolo te, scho u 1582 r. King Stefan Batoriy naczeto giving kozakam privileki, kotrі mayzhe zryvnyuvali їх at rights із shlyakhtoyu. Numerous cities in their own side were brought to the brink of stinking of their own status by people in their own self. According to the tenths of the Slobid Zhitty, it was important to cut the peasant off in the end, but not himself. І not a little znachennya, naskilki so look at the knot with the right. A golune, bilshist pobrebizhzhya populyazala, scho I legally nalezhit the status of the people of the people, and tsya vira knowingly pozhalyvala readiness boroti zlakhami, yak poni called the Poles. Peresliduvannya orthodox'ya Polish catholics viklikalo more bilshy gniv Ukrainians.

Preparedness before the insurrection was punctuated by the struggle in the battle, by the power of the river of the Ukrainian borderlands. Masov's insurrection at the time of that hour was zvichayno characterized vyshtsutnistyu organizovanostі ta Vysyskovo science. З цієї точки зору Україна відрізнялася, від інших країн. Mandrivniki-foreigners often zauvazhuvali, scho zhittya on the contrary nebezpek borderchichi zmushuvalo naivit proletchy villagers, that Mishchan osvoyuvati mystetstvu volodinnya vognepalnoyu zbroye. Prior to that, the Cossacks used to say in the rebellious Viaska the core of good organisations and high-ranking voyakivs. Navyat recent riddles poglublyuvi dosvіd Ukrainskogo kozatstva u borotby in the regular army. Відтак із посиленням експлуатації people tycoons in the Ukrainian suspilstvі gortschchya zrostala podgotnist і zdatnіst borotisya proti nei. For the grandiose spalaha, the Lisha Siskri was brave.