Історія України - Subtelium Orest

Cob Ruyni

The death of Khmelnitsky caught the Ukrainians at the moment of futility. Напівсформоване українське суспільство, яке отчували хижики-сусіди й раздирали внутрирішні with problems, the yogo провід has hunted. Ale for the offensive in Khmelnitsky, yakі not maly yogo popularity prestige, vyyavilosya nabagato is more important zdobuti wide pidtrimku. Vzhe farther pitan - about the hetman's attacker - did not vyrlosya virishiti without zakladnen. Namagayuchis snoring at the Ukrainian dynasty of cossack rulers, Khmelnitsky vlasthtuvav so scho pislya ynogo hetmanom drew yogo sina Yuriy. Prote nebarom 16-riches cotton (yak and sergeant) himself perekonavsya, but not ready to rule in such a transient moment. Tomu in 1657 r. The hetman of one of the most important pribіchnіvіv Khmelnitsky - the general clerk Війська Zaporozhsky Ivan Vigovskogo .

Виговський і пропольська орієнтація . Vigovskiy Boulevard is one of the most well-known and most popular cossack wats. Він походив із православного шляхетського роду Київщини і вчися у славетній Могилянській колегії. In 1648, perebuivaychi on the services of the Polish vysku, vin having spent at full pov Zhovtimi Waters. Otsіnivshi yogo osvіchenіst ta dosvdіd, Khmelnitsky vidpustiv yogi at will. Виговський приєднався до козаків і не незабаром був признав. General clerk. Novy hetman shvidko vyaviv his prihilnist up to the elders. At zvnіshnіh стосонках він схилявся до заснування незалежного українського князівства. Prote Ukraine bula is too weak to be such a crook, to that Vigovsky zoserediysya on poshukah antagonists moskovskim vplyv in Ukraine. By the method of the sinning of the zvjazyka from the Polish.

Yaksho tops of the cossack and the clergy podtrimuvali zbylzhennya from the Polish, then the protivotsya actively vystupali people's masi, scho s pidozroyu were put up to any porozuminya mizh cossack sergeant that Polish gentry. Until the protracted spells of such zlobzhennya zaporozhtsya zaporozhtsy on cholis with Yakov Barabash , and takozh Cossacks Poltava regiment pid wire Martin Pushkarya - colonel, sch mrіyav stati hetmanom. At that hour, Yakov Vigovskiy decided to draw a card, muscovites, vmychuvshy zayostryannya social conditions in the Ukrainian suspivstv, pidbryuvati people proty hetman. Наприкінці 1657 р. Protivnogo rushed great kilkіst ryadovyh kozakiv, і in chervnі 1658 р. Dvі ворогуючі козацькі армії зіткнулися у кривавій битві. Перемоцем із неїййшов Виговський. Pushkar at once із 15 тис. Rebellions zaginuv on the floor, and Barabash пізніше схопили і стратили. Tse became a perm permutation for the hetman - Ukrainians paid for brothobivchu borotbu tsinoyu near 50 yew. Living.

Розуміючи неминучість розриву з Москвою, Виговський активізував зусилля, Щоб налагодити порозуміння з Poles. It is great to help the yom by submitting the Ukrainian aristocrat Juriy Nemyrich, who for a long time came to see the sovereignty of the sovereign "Rus's" princely estate, the independence of what I spirals at on the international guarantee, yak in Holland chi Swiss. Ale Vigovsky, scho gotuvavsya before viny with the Muscovite kingdom, not the Mavas have been strong enough to sit on the wake-up Poles of the Independence of Ukraine. In 1658 r. Після тривалих дискусій українські та польські посли досягли компромісного рішення, відомого як Гадяцький трактат.

For the sake of Kyiv, Kyivska Bratslavshchina and Chernigivshchina spoke of Ruska as prince, but Poland was the third and most equal member of the Republic of Poland. New autonomy prince was poured wide autonomy. Getman manages to deprive the King and Mav Vlasne Vissko, judge, scribnitsya that coin dvir. Polish Viskys fenced in to enter the prince's hierarchy without the request of the hetman. Guaranteed the traditional rights of cognac, і shoroku for the recommendation of the hetman, a hundred kozakіv small priymatisya up to the gentry camp. The Poles were sent to important actions in the food countries: Beresteyska unya was skeptical about the princehood, and the Orthodox were disgraced in the Rech Pospolitiy with Catholic rights. Нарешті, on Ukraine planned to fall asleep two університети, and також стільки шкіл та друкарень, "скільки буде потріібін".

Ivan Vigovsky

Ivan Vigovsky

Хоч Гадяцька угод викликає серед істориків закаплення its potential potylsіnym naslіdkami for історії України, Польщі та Росії, її real vlivv buv mizernim, oskilki vona was deprived unaccountable. It's time to get on to the pissing-out. The Ukraine has paid for grandeur, Mayzha 150-тисясячне Московське вісьсько під commanders of Prince Olexiy Trubetskoi . Spіshno zіbravshi were those who were firing with their own allies - Poles, that Crimean Tatars, Vigivs'kyi collapsing on the peacetime scheme of the zagarbniki. 29 chervnya 1658 r. Під Konotop tsaristke vіys'ko znozilo odnієї z nystrashnіshih u svoeї istorії struck. Rosіysky історик Сергій Соловйов so describing її nalіdki: "Цвіт Московської кавалерії загинув in one day, and Moscow Tsar more than nіkoli not zmozhe zіbrati taku miracle army, tsar Oleksiy Mihajlovich z'yavisya before his people at plaintive vobrannі and Moscow hunted panika ... They went Earshots, but the tsar zbiralsya perebratishsya to Yaroslavl for the Volga and Vigo Vigovsky advance directly to Moscow. " Prote hetman not zmіg cope with his blizkuchoyu peremogoju. In Ukraine, they sold out Moscow's pledges; Attack zaporozhtsiv on Krim zmusiv allies Vigovskogo - Tatars - turn to dodomu; On Poltavschina znovu zavirushennya spilled. Kilka pro-Moscow colonel zvynuvatili hetmana in that, "Vino sell Ukrainu Poles", and rebelled. Tse boulo ostannnim blow. In zhovtnі 1659 р., Not маючи змоги продовжувати війну з Москвою, Виговський відмовляється від гетманства и тікає до Польщі.

Now the transition has gone to Moscow. Spodiivaychis, scho іm'я batka допоможе згладити внутрирішні конфлікти, the foreman is offended by the hetman of 18-річного Юрія Хмельницького . Trubetskoi, after turning to Ukraine, we celebrate Vyss'ky, insisting that the young hetman should arrive to the yoga camp for a look at the lands of the yogi yogi father and tsar. Pikodirivshis tsim vimogam, Yuriy allowed pershoї zdovgoi low politichnih pomolok. Perelakaniy by the power of the Russian Vysysky Threats of Trubetskoi, Juriy by recounting the text of Pereiaslavsky pod 1654 р. And in 1659 r. Writing a new document and a nonvigilant document to the document. For Pereyaslavsky pact 1659 r. Rosіyskі pledges rostashovuvalysya not deprived of Kiev, and th in usіh naybіlshih mіstah. More than that, the Cossacks zaboronyalosya lead vinyi і enter into the zovnіshni zlosni without the king's permission. He was not allowed to do so without seizure of Moscow, to pick up the hetman, the general's elders and colonels. So, the young Yuriy pishov to do things, yak shche p'yat rocky that YOGO batko naveit not having seen bi. For Moscow, the pact has become a great crook ahead in її postійних намаганнях міцніше ухопитися за Україну.

In the 1660 р. Moscow and Moscow that Poland blazed up for the dominion over Ukraine. Koli Tsarsky Viiyska spent in otochennya before polikіv pid Chudnov on Volyn, Juriy zi sergeant did not dopishali dopomagati. Natomist youthful hetman stepping into the conversation with the Poles, and if the Russians have learned the new fear of the pits, Chudnov, Yuriy, have waited for the Ukraine's turn to the Rech Pospolitoia warehouse. At that time, the chaotic situation is already messed up more. On Pravoberezhzhi, de Khotnitsky was deported to the Poles, the vil of the hetman was deprived of his nezmіnіyu, protov at Livoberezhzhі, but he was pestered under the control of the tsar, the Cossacks appeared against Khmel'nyts'kyi, having painted the hackman Yakov Somka . Ochupovana polskimi ta rosіyskimi vіys'kami, rozirvan na shmatki sotsіalnymi konfliktami i schwarami mіzh polіitichnimi fractions, Kozatska Ukraina rozdililasya dvi partremi, skinned on the head and the elderly hetman. Add Ruinya syagnula now her apogee.

У січні 1663 р. Prignichii vosnosyu nesprozmozhnostyu opanuvaty stanovishche, scho shvidko pogyrshuvalosya, Khmel'nyts'kyi is storing the hetman's mace and ides in monastir. Vlad Yogi an offender Pavel Teteri interchanged Lisha Pravoberezzhyam. Переконаний прибічник пропольської політики, Тетере походив із знатного роду, дістав добру освіту і обіймав цілий a number of important settlements near Khmelnitsky. Але на відміну від попередників він відмовився формувати безлежну козацьку політику і in main підпорядковувався полякам. From time to time they bought the Livoberezhzhya, spooked the king of Jan Kazimir and sold the attack right up to Moscow. If the offensive failed, Teterya turned to Pravoberezzh with Poles, to stifle a stride against the gentry, who were hovering here.

Pragnuchi pomstiti on the ground, so that the kulaks of the rebellion of 1648, the Poles everywhere fired, hunted, muzzled. Polish tycoon Stefan Charnetsky navyat decree rozkopaty tomb of Bohdan Khmelnitsky and yogi rossidati yogo remains.

At Wimogu, Teteri Poles zaestshtuvali th stratili Vigovskogo yak yogo potentnicny supernika. Yuriy Khmelnitsky, the people from the black-and-white cell were thrown to the Polish entrance. Поведінка Тетері та поляків викликала занальну hatred, внаслідок чого гетьман Правобережної України втратив серед козаків останніх прибічників, зрікся гетманства і втік до Польщі. Nowadays it became absolutely obvious that the Poles had become practically incapable of doing things, and the arguments for the yogo corrida sounded skilful in the way they used to do things in Ukraine (especially with their lower verbs).

Petro Doroshenko, Yuriy Khmelnitsky

Petro Doroshenko Yuriy Khmelnitsky

Turetska alternative: Doroshenko ta Yuriy Khmelnitsky . З поділом України на польську та російську Sphere vplyvu, z zasostrennyam міжусобиць між hetmanami, sho buli not більш ніж its own alien strands, curbed cossack vatazhki zazhurilysya share "bіdnosti nenki-Ukraini", zaklikayuchi turn the fame long ago. Серед найдіяльніших прибічників відродження козацтва був 38-річний черкаський полковник і наступний гетьман Right-Bank of Ukraine Petro Doroshenko .

Doroshenko Mav Solodni pidstavi, to pretend to getman. Sin kozatskogo colonel, onuk hetmana, vin tisno spivprotsyvav іz Khmelnitsky and obivayav important place at Vigovskoy th Teteri. In 1666, pestering the two superheroes - Vasil Drozdenka and Stefan Oparu, Doroshenko became a hetman. Він підкреслював, що set the price for a meter of the amount of money to the sovereign ceiling of the Law of Ukraine Livoberezhna. Shchob zmіzniti svoe stanovishche, noviy hetman for the sake of his friend Metropolitan Josip Tukalsky proprovazhuy a number of rethinking reforms. Namagayuchis adhere to the holy bik people, Doroshenko often sklikaє general for the sake of, de vysluhovuє dumko ordinary cossack. Shchob posbutis nadmirnoy zalizhnosti vid elders, hetman organizovuyu 20-tysyachny corps naimantsyv (seriukyiv), scho piskorilisya deprived yomu especially. Prote naybilsh far-away buli repair Doroshenka in tsarina zvonnіshnih vіdnosin.

On the cob of Hetmanovannya Doroshenko, yak і allі hetmani Pravoberezhnoї Україні, having conducted a propolsky course. ALE YOGO POLITIKA dokorinno zmіnilsya, if in sichnі 1667 р. Poles and Russia wrote the Andrusov Peace. Popri those, scho tsey the world with the crowned rank crowned with Ukraine, жодна із сторін did not cope with the problem of consulting with the Ukrainians. On the sutri, for the world of cyzem Kozatska Ukraina dililasya navpil: the Poles recognized the sovereignty of the tsar over Livoberezhzhy, and the Muscovites gave the zboda to the Pole of the Poles at Pravoberezzh. Stosovnogo pitanic about Kiev virishili, but on two rocks will be deprived of the power of the Muscovites, and then will be turned over to the Poles. M osqua so and not vikonala chtsogo point, postyyno ugrymuyuchi Kiev. Neozorі, actually uninhabited earth zaporozhtsi passed pod povinye polsko-muzykke governed and mali rule over the buffer against the attacks of the Tatars.

At that hour, the yak offensive sides of the buli were pleased with the favor, for the Ukrainians, the won was a terrible, catastrophic catastrophe. Yaksho vzhe Khmelnitsky and Vigovsky, but ruled the whole Naddnipryansky Ukraine, it was bold to carry out the folding freedom of freedom, then for those who attacked, kudi bishe szmezheniyah alien rulers, skilki-nebu nezalezhna polity became unstable. On the povlenniks on the Pravoberezzhzhya gentry and across the centers of the people of the masses, perekonostnosti in that, Moscow roughly crushed her in 1654 p. Зобов'язання боронити Україна від поляків, обидва оереги Дніпра we have been hunting roses and roses.

Doroshenko, who, after recriminations, after experiencing a heart attack, having heard about Andrusiv, vydkinuv propolsky course and virishiv vidroditi one of the old projects of Bogdan Khmelnitsky - zvernutisya on dopomogu to Ottoman Portia. Він images for the tsuzogo duzhe vdaliy hour: Port Yakraz ritualized a number of far-away zagarbnitskie vine and і з preparedness pushed hetmanovі pіdtrimku. Rebirth of 1667 р. The Turkish-Cossack Visko attacked the Polish forces in Galicia, wooing the King Jan Kazimir to put Dorashenka on the right bank of the wide autonomy. Alec tzieh not having satisfied the hetman. Щоб цілком попубутися поляків, він передає Україну під відносно симвоічну зверхність Tourecchini. Zakripivshis on Pravoberezhzhy, Doroshenko go із військом on Lіviy bereg and skidayє his superman - hetman Ivan Bryukhovetsky . In 1668 the river. Doroshenko reaches the top of the power, if, spirayuchis on turkiv, pidporyadkovu yak Right, so i Livoberezhzhya ta progoloshuє itself hetmanom usієї Ukrainy.

Protec tsі sopіhi vyayavilisya izrugimuchi. Занепокоєні зростанням гетьманової влади, the number of enemies took pіdravati її. For the long stench, the old tactic of the supertnikov superhecies of the hetman was dumped. The Tatars hastened to beg for money Doroshenka Yakimos Suhovienkom. Doroshenko did not get rid of his opponent, the Polish Poles were hanged by a well-established competitor in the Mikhail Khanenk specialty , whiskers bought Pravoberezzh. Visiting Nazarstic chieftains, Doroshenko recognizing as an out-and-out hetman of Ukraine's Livoberezhna Dem'yan Mnogogrishnogo. Tsyogo once Moscow, vikoristovoychi svy chance, collapsed on Livoberezhzhya, zmusivshi Polygryshnogo zrektisya Doroshenka y viznati zvpernist tsar.

З падінням своєї влади Дорошенко льве міг контровати навіть Pravoberezhzhya. In 1672 the river. Z 12-tysyachnym paddock vin boom zmusheny dopomagati 100-tysyachnі turkkіy армії, scho vibivala polokіv із Podіllya peredovyuvala yogo on turku provintsіyu. Spilka with the unreliable "Busurman" vidbilasya on the popularity of Hetman and called to the shvidkogo slablennya Yoga pidtrimki. Ostannyogo blow boulo was wandered in 1675-1676 pp., If Moskoviti that Livoberezhny Cossacks dragged the Turks in Krivyav zmagannya for Chigirinsky Forts Doroshenko opinivsya on the "unhealthy", voyuyuchi proti Orthodox spivvitchitsnikiv. Розуміючи безвихідь ставища, він go through hetman's Kleynods to the corridor of Ivan Samoilovich , the new hetman of Livoberezzh. Tsar set himself up to this day, mercifully, after having sentenced him to "leave the rest of the world's cognacs" from Moscow.

The Turks knew Doroshenkov to inform the neposredivanu deputy. In 1677, decided to vikoristy glorye ім'я Khmel'nitskikh, stinky yuryіya himtmanom Pravoberezhzhya. Tsya riddles and і, dovmіnno, nevіnіnovazhena lyudina vzhe zala zleti, і padinya. Він був ченцем і архімандритом, and потім трапив до польської в'язниці. Pislya zvilnennya taking the fate of the march on the Tatars, buv harnesses at full and out-of-doors to Constantinople, de prosto shіst rockі provііv за раратами. Nespodovano Turks vitagli z kameri tsu neschasnu muzhchinu, vyphnuli їй to the hands of the Hetman's Club, Šiob nadati, his little sympathetic marіonettsі bіlshoї gіdnostі, appropriated їy pompous title "Prince of Sarmatia ta Ukraini, Volodya Viyska Zaporozkiy." Prote title tse little chim dopomіg, bo in another hetmanuvannі Yuriy vyyavisya himself so nezdaroyu, yak i in the first.

In 1677-1678 rubles. At once із Turks Юрій брав the fate of a few unseen campaigns for a long time the capital of the bat - Chigirin. І rosіyani, th Turks contracted syudi majestic armies: the sultan's forces were nalichuvali close 200 thousand., Todi yak Moscow brought 70 yew. Росіян і 50 тис. Лівобережних козаків. Not zdabbushy chigirinskyh campaigns of unequivocal assistance, Yuriy Khmelnytskyi organizuvav attacked Livoberezhzhya, a kind of zakinchchivsya zhalyugіdnym failure. Not in zmozi zabezpechiti sobі vіdchutnomії pіdtrimki, vіn controlling the Lisha is insignificant, I introduced the yomu Turks, part Podlylya. Alle y here yogo vlad bula nastilki bristlyu teshche despotichnoyu, scho yogo muslimskih pattering zvershtoy uvirvavsya terpeets і in 1681 р. Stinkers were afraid of yogo. Togo rock Moscow was written by the Turks of the Bakhchisaraysk peace , for a yakim wolnіnnya сторін on Україні. Through п'ять років аналогічну уду Moscow підписала й з Польщаю. On the 1686 р. The whole of Ukraine was vyyalilasya rozdilenoyu mizh sisіdnіmi powers.