home Finance Groshі that credit - Savluk M.І.

Groshі that credit - Savluk M.І.

2. TURNOVER ROZDІL penny penny of I MASA scho Yogo OBSLUGOVUЄ

2.1. SUTNІST TA Ekonomichna BASIS penny TRAFFIC

Sered understand scho harakterizuyut groshovі vіdnosini in suspіlstvі, provіdne Location zaymayut turnover penny, penny obіg, fіnansi, credit, masa pennies shvidkіst obіgu pennies. Yakscho ostannі Vier s znayshli them in lіteraturі dosit Povny th uniquely tlumachennya, the turnover ponyattya trumpery i trumpery obіgu dosі zalishayutsya diskusіynimi. Diskusії lead schodo Tsikh sutnostі understand їh vzaєmozv'yazku, spheres vikoristannya toscho.

In bagatoh Vidanov penny turnover traktuєtsya yak sukupnіst usіh penny platezhіv at national gospodarstvі. Tacke viznachennya Got that іstotny nedolіk scho deprivation fіksuє kіlkіsny bіk trumpery turnover yogo effectiveness aspect. Sutnіst same yogo yak Ruhu pennies in protsesі vіdtvorennya zalishaєtsya pose uwagi. Tsey nedolіk sprichinyaє formally pіdhіd i to viznachennya ponyattya trumpery obіgu, yaky traktuєtsya deprivation yak gotіvkova sphere trumpery turnover.

Leaning viznachennya trumpery turnover i trumpery obіgu s vіdtvoryuvalnih pozitsіy given in Bulo Perche vidannі tsogo pіdruchnika, scho LUVs opublіkovany in 1992r. Taqiy pіdhіd pіdtrimali author of fundamental rosіyskogo pіdruchnika "Money, credit, banks" Vidanov for redaktsієyu O. I. Lavrushina in 1998r. Prote vіdtvoryuvalna pozitsіya in traktuvannі trumpery turnover in pіdruchniku ​​rosіyskih avtorіv not bula poslіdovnoyu, th at viznachennі trumpery obіgu authoritarian turned to formally acquaint themselves, zvіvshi yogo deprivation to turnover gotіvki on tіy pіdstavі scho deprivation gotіvka zdіysnyuє obіg pose banks. Naspravdі ruh pennies when realіzatsії tsіnnostey odnakovo zdіysnyuyut gotіvkovі yak, so i bezgotіvkovі groshі, perehodyachi od one participant spherical obіgu to іnshogo. Vіdmіnnіst deprivation in the fact scho paysite gotіvka peremіschuєtsya s hands oderzhuvacha and bezgotіvkovі groshі peremіschuyutsya s rahunku rakhunok paysite on oderzhuvacha. Ale tsya vіdmіnnіst not zmіnyuє sutnostі yavischa trumpery obіgu scho obslugovuє realіzatsіyu real good (detalnіshe tse power bude rozglyanuto in rozdіlі 2.3).

In rinkovіy ekonomіtsі suspіlne virobnitstvo Got commodity form, scho zumovlyuє twofold viraz Ruhu sukupnogo gross product - natural-Retschow that penny. In protsesі vіdtvorennya ruh Tsikh vartostі in dvoh virazah proyavlyaєtsya yak samostіynі two processes - yak yak i produktіv ruh ruh pennies penny dohodіv chi. Prote nerozrivno pov'yazanі stink, they spіlna substantsіya - vartіst sukupnogo product. Groshі bazuyutsya on tsіy vartostі, Won viznachaє real tsіnnіst masi pennies, scho is staying in oborotі, Square od її nomіnalnoї value. Vodnochase ruh pennies obslugovuє peremіschennya tsієї vartostі in protsesі vіdtvorennya, okremі groshovі operatsії sub'єktіv ekonomіchnih vіdnosin sprichinyuyut vіdpovіdne peremіschennya mіzh them realnoї vartostі, tobto toil real ekonomіchny zmіst.

Process suspіlnogo vіdtvorennya vіdbuvaєtsya bezperervno, to bezperervnim Yea i ruh pennies, scho yogo obslugovuє. Taken on sobі Tsey processes bezperervnogo Ruhu pennies mіzh sub'єktami ekonomіchnih vіdnosin in suspіlnomu vіdtvorennі yavlyaє him penny turnover.

Penny turnover - yavische makroekonomіchnogo order. Vіn obslugovuє circuit usogo sukupnogo kapіtalu suspіlstva on vsіh stadіyah suspіlnogo vіdtvorennya: from virobnitstvі, rozpodіlі, obmіnі i spozhivannі. Tom nerіdko yogo nazivayut sukupnim penny trafficking.

Through avansuvannya pennies on pridbannya zasobіv virobnitstva i pay robochoї Sealy kapіtal spryamovuєtsya in scope virobnitstva i zabezpechuє vigotovlennya natsіonalnogo gross product. After payment vigotovlenoї produktsії that poslug groshі obslugovuyut realіzatsіyu natsіonalnogo product i vivіlnennya suspіlnogo kapіtalu in groshovіy formі. In protsesі vikoristannya groshovoї viruchki od realіzatsії produktsії that poslug zdіysnyuєtsya rozpodіl vartostі natsіonalnogo product mіzh vlasnikami faktorіv virobnitstva (creditors aktsіonerami, Naiman pratsіvnikami) that powers, yakіy nalezhat ustanovlenі podatki. Access in all ekonomіchnih sub'єktіv formuyutsya groshovі income for rakhunok yakih stink spryamovuyut kapіtal in scope spozhivannya - virobnichogo that special person. Tim himself zabezpechuєtsya Novi cycle suspіlnogo vіdtvorennya.

Penny turnover yak makroekonomіchne yavische slіd vіdrіznyati od turnover pennies at the circuit furrows okremogo іndivіdualnogo kapіtalu, tobto on mіkrorіvnі. In ostannomu vipadku groshі Je odnієyu s funktsіonalnih forms kapіtalu, yogo warehouses that Elements bagatstva Yakimov volodіє vlasnik tsogo іndivіdualnogo kapіtalu. In tsomu vipadku groshі yavlyayutsya him kapіtal, stink vimagayut for yourself vіdpovіdnoї normalized pributku (income) podіbno to іnshih kapіtalu forms. Chim bіlshoyu masoyu pennies volodіє Danian іndivіdualny vlasnik, Tim vіn bagatshy, team bіlshі yogo mozhlivostі "zarobiti" Prybutok chi dohіd.

Zovsіm іnshu role vіdіgrayut groshі in sukupnomu oborotі penny. Here stink funktsіonuyut viklyuchno yak i groshі not Je funktsіonalnoyu Form kapіtalu. Tom їh masu in oborotі not mozhna vvazhati Chastain bagatstva Kraina, tobto її zrostannya not zbіlshuє sukupnogo kapіtalu suspіlstva podіbno to kapіtalu okremogo іndivіda. Yakbi penny masa, scho is staying in oborotі, raptovo zbіlshilasya vdvіchі then zagalny obsyag bagatstva Kraina not tіlki not zbіlshivsya and mіg bi navіt zmenshitisya in zv'yazku Zi zrostannyam vitrat on vigotovlennya dodatkovih pennies chi provokuvannyam іnflyatsії їh Key infrastructure in turnover.

Tsogo provisions do not zmіnyuє of the fact scho-valued Chastina pennies masi, yak obslugovuє sukupny turnover kapіtalіzuєtsya i peretvoryuєtsya in pozichkovy kapіtal. Kapіtalіzatsіya Chastain groshovoї masi spriyaє priskorennyu realіzatsії sukupnogo gross product and otzhe - zbіlshennyu yogo obsyagu, tobto zrostannyu suspіlnogo bagatstva, ale samі groshі on makrorіvnі Takeo bagatstvo not peretvoryuyutsya. Zavdyaki kapіtalіzatsії groshі in furrows nayavnoї masi shvidshe peredayutsya od one ekonomіchnogo sub'єkta to іnshogo, Niby shvidshe "shuffle", ale not stink yakіsno zmіnyuyutsya, zalishayuchis deprivation vіddzerkalennyam real bagatstva. Detalnіshe role pozichkovogo kapіtalu bude rozglyanuta in rozdіlі 9.

Sukupny penny i turn pennies turnover in the furrows іndivіdualnogo kapіtalu іstotno vіdrіznyayutsya takozh mehanіzmami formuvannya groshovoї masi, neobhіdnoї for їh obslugovuvannya.

Groshovі Costa, neobhіdnі for obslugovuvannya the circuit іndivіdualnogo kapіtalu, Je digit mіroyu vzhe in rozporyadzhennі vіdpovіdnogo vlasnika, tobto tse yogo vlasnі Costa. Yakscho Well їh nedostatno then dodatkovі Costa mobіlіzuyutsya penny on market analysis. Penny rinok zaymaє vazhlive Location in krugooborotі іndivіdualnogo kapіtalu, s Demba pochinaєtsya turnover pennies, scho obslugovuє іndivіdualny kapіtal on nomu th zavershuєtsya cutaneous okremy yogo loop circuit. Chastina trumpery revenue skin ekonomіchnogo sub'єkta spryamovuєtsya to repay borgіv i povertaєtsya penny on rinok. Іnsha Chastina, scho becoming timchasovo vіlnі Costa, spryamovuєtsya penny on rinok yak resource for kredituvannya іnshih sub'єktіv.

Sukupny penny turnover obslugovuєtsya perevazhno TER for rakhunok nayavnoї in oborotі groshovoї masi, tobto quiet pennies, Je SSMSC in rozporyadzhennі okremih ekonomіchnih sub'єktіv. Penny rinok peretvoryuєtsya in vnutrіshnіy yelement turnover tsogo i zabezpechuє pererozpodіl nayavnoї groshovoї masi s metoyu priskorennya її obіgu i naypovnіshogo zabezpechennya potreb turnover of pennies in the furrows nayavnoї їh masi. Zavdyaki penny Rinku uniquely posilyuєtsya elastichnіst trumpery turnover zrostaє zdatnіst danoї masi pennies obsluzhiti zrostayuchі obsyagi turnover.

Prote vkazanі mozhlivostі trumpery Rinku not bezmezhnі, i neminuche vinikayut required in popovnennі turnover dodatkovoyu masoyu pennies. On the circuit vіdmіnu od іndivіdualnogo kapіtalu, tsі require shaping can Buti zadovolenі deprivation for pennies rakhunok dodatkovoї emіsії.

Require in dodatkovіy emіsії shaping can Buti zumovlenі kіlkoma factors:

* Zrostannyam obsyagіv natsіonalnogo gross product, for yakih realіzatsії bankіvska system blame rozshiryuvati kredituvannya sub'єktіv trafficking;

o zrostannyam pure іmportu (perevischennyam іmportu over eksportom);

* Znizhennyam pererozpodіlnoї funktsії trumpery market analysis, vnaslіdok chogo nayavna penny masa povіlnіshe obertatisya bude i do not zmozhe zabezpechiti OAO All require turnover;

* Іnshimi chinnikami, scho shaping can upovіlniti shvidkіst Ruhu pennies on trafficking channels.

Access in all Tsikh vipadkah dodatkovo vipuschenі groshі nadhodyat sukupny in turnover through penny rinok, scho vіdpovіdaє їh kreditnіy prirodі that zabezpechuє vіdpovіdnіst emіsії require turnover.

W usogo Legend viplivaє visnovok scho sukupny penny turnover not Je mehanіchnoyu sumoyu oborotіv pennies in furrows іndivіdualnih kapіtalіv and yavlyaє him samostіyne ekonomіchne yavische, bezposeredno pov'yazane s processes suspіlnogo vіdtvorennya in tsіlomu. Tse odne s naybіlsh broad, abstract i uzagalnenih yavisch ekonomіchnogo Zhittya suspіlstva.

Sub'єktami trumpery turnover Je OAO All yuridichnі that fіzichnі individuals SSMSC take fate in virobnitstvі, rozpodіlі, obmіnі that spozhivannі suspіlnogo gross product. OAO All Tse pіdpriєmstva (promislovostі, sіlskogo Gospodarstwa, transport, zv'yazku, budіvnitstva, torgіvlі, communal Gospodarstwa toscho) usі derzhavnі, gromadskі, komertsіynі organіzatsії that place the banks that INSHI fіnansovo-kreditnі place the entire population, scho samostіyno oderzhuє that vitrachaє groshovі Costa. Usі stink on Pevnyi pіdstavah oderzhuyut groshovі income vitrachayut chi zberіgayut їh i CIM vplivayut on ekonomіchnі processes that will melt ekonomіchnimi sub'єktami suspіlstva.

Yakscho abstraguvatisya od vіdtvoryuvalnogo aspect, the speed can be penny uyaviti just yak bezperervny processes peremіschennya pennies in funktsіyah zasobіv obіgu i payment mіzh okremimi yogo sub'єktami. Tse zokrema, peremіschennya pennies mіzh:

* Okremimi pіdpriєmstvami that organіzatsіyami;

* Pіdpriєmstvami that i organіzatsіyami population;

* Okremimi fіzichnimi personages;

* Komertsіynimi banks that i pіdpriєmstvami organіzatsіyami;

* I komertsіynimi banks of the population;

* Okremimi komertsіynimi banks;

* I komertsіynimi banks of the Central Bank;

* Nebankіvskimi fіnansovo CREDIT install rіznogo priznachennya, s one side, i pіdpriєmstvami, organіzatsіyami that install - s іnshogo;

* Nebankіvskimi fіnansovo CREDIT install rіznogo priznachennya i banks;

* Okremimi nebankіvskimi fіnansovo CREDIT install rіznogo priznachennya.

On kozhnіy іz Tsikh dіlyanok mozhut mother Location zustrіchnі groshovі vimogi mіzh sub'єktami turnover, scho stvoryuє mozhlivіst їh vzaєmnogo maturity (zalіku). Zalіk zmenshuє obsyag trumpery i needful turnover in real pennies for yogo obslugovuvannya.

Ekonomіchnoyu basis of trumpery turnover Je processes suspіlnogo vіdtvorennya. Sub'єkti tsogo processes postіyno oderzhuyut groshovі revenues od realіzatsії nalezhnih їm resursіv chi vigotovlenih them produktіv scho sprichinyuє vіdpovіdnі groshovі flows. Vodnochase flows Ruhu pennies Je tіlki not result vіdtvoryuvalnogo processes and th vazhlivoyu peredumovoyu yogo uspіshnogo zdіysnennya. Nadmіrnі zatrimki in rusі pennies neminuche viklikayut galmuvannya trademark potokіv, pogіrshennya kon'yunkturi rinkіv, posilennya stagnatsії virobnitstva.

Vnutrіshnya obumovlenіst trumpery turnover processes suspіlnogo vіdtvorennya viznachaє yogo sutnіsnu Yednist i bezperervnіst, SSMSC mozhna nazvati konstitutsіynimi Find our trumpery turnover. Tse Got the provisions vazhlive Implications for practice upravlіnnya i vikoristannya trumpery turnover. In nіy not guilty dopuskatisya Institution nonexhaustive perepon on the high road potokіv penny, yak i neprohіdnih between mіzh okremimi flows pennies.