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Polіtichna ekonomіya - Krivenko KT

2.4. Korisnіst product. Law spadnoї granichnoї korisnostі

Korisnіst product that її Vidi. Boundary korisnіst i її sutnіst. Law spadnoї korisnostі. Factory viznachennya korisnostі.

2.4.1. Korisnіst product that її Vidi.

Zagalna vlastivіst usіh materіalnih goods i poslug polyagaє in fact, scho stink so chi іnakshe stosuyutsya lyudskogo DOBROBUT. Dobrobut people - tse rіven zabezpechenostі population rіznomanіtnimi materіalnimi i nematerіalnimi benefits.

Doslіdzhuyuchi korisnіst, vazhlivo zvernuti uwagi on two points, SSMSC toil in polіtichnіy ekonomії fundamental importance: korisnіst rechі vzagalі (water, milk, costume іnformatsіya toscho) i korisnіst dodatkovoї rechі (Hotel) danogo mind.

Rozglyanemo spochatku yavische korisnostі good. Yogo korisnіst chi nekorisnіst for Helsinki Human deposits od zdatnostі zadovolnyati її Pevnyi needful. Otzhe, korisnіst - tse chi zdatnіst rechі Hotel zadovolnyati whether yak Helsinki Human needful.

Helsinki Human іndivіdualnimi require Yea i sub'єktivnimi. Those scho Mauger Buti korisnim odnіy osobі, Mauger not Buti korisnim іnshіy. So, ustritsі (rіd dvostulkovih molyuskіv) toil Velika tsіnnіst for frantsuzіv i nulovu for ukraїntsіv.

Korisnіst bagatoh speech is staying at pryamіy zalezhnostі od їh natural vlastivostey. So, hlіb, m'yaso, Vegetables, Poultry Feed INSHI produkti korisnimi Yea, that scho toil in sobі bіlki, Jiri, vuglevodi i vіtamіni, neobhіdnі for lyudskogo organіzmu. Rechі without yakih Zhittya Helsinki Human nemozhlive, Je ob'єktivno korisnimi. Tse water bіlshіst produktіv harchuvannya, VZUTTYA, odyag, Zhytlo toscho.

The Epoch іndustrіalnu mayzhe OAO All materіalnі benefits that stvoryuyutsya Hotel in protsesі virobnichoї dіyalnostі. Organіzuyuchi virobnitstvo nutritive produktіv, pobutovih priladіv, machines that ustatkuvannya people formuyut їh korisnіst, tobto stvoryuyut viroblyuvanі good s such yakіsnimi vlastivostyami, zavdyaki Yakima stink mozhut zadovolnyati osobistі chi virobnichі required. Slіd zaznachiti, tehnіchny progression from poєdnannі s dosyagnennyami science daє zmogu suspіlstvu postіyno vdoskonalyuvati korisnіst materіalnih goods i stvoryuvati bezlіch novih. Contagion from rozvinutih kraїnah viroblyaєtsya up to 20 billion rіznih materіalnih goods i poslug, їh okremih modifіkatsіy.

W іnshogo side, korisnіst rechі Je factor sub'єktivnogo nature. Same tse poyasnyuє, chomu in Helsinki Human zagalnomu planі require bezmezhnі, and konkretnіy situatsії i in particular produktі stink shaping can Buti povnіstyu zadovolenі.

2.4.2. Boundary korisnіst that її sutnіst.

Teper rozglyanemo problem korisnostі dodatkovoї odinitsі danogo good. In ekonomіchnіy teorії korisnіst benefits virazhayut in umovnih odinitsyah korisnostі at tsomu vvazhaєtsya, scho cutaneous benefit mozhna podіliti on okremі portsії. Dіysno, bіlshіst our potreb Mauger zadovolnyatisya Chastain. Coley Person of hungry, do not vibiraє odne s dvoh: naїstisya abo, abo Well zalishatisya hungry - ni, Person of Mauger deprivation poslabiti hunger priynyavshi Pevnyi Quantity їzhі.

Rozglyadayuchi problem korisnostі dodatkovoї odinitsі benefits Varto zvernuti uwagi on TAKE vіdome yavische Specific to lyudskoї nature: odne th those SAME vіdchuttya, povtoryuyuchis bezperervno, s Pevnyi time pochinaє dostavlyati us all less then i less then zadovolennya i nareshtі tse zadovolennya peretvoryuєtsya navіt in his protilezhnіst - i have nepriєmnіst ogidu.

Konkretnі chastkovі require, on SSMSC mozhna rozklasti nashі vіdchuttya nezadovolenostі, i poslіdovnі chastkovі zadovolennya, SSMSC mozhna will win for Relief odnakovoї kіlkostі materіalnih benefits toil zdebіlshogo rіznі i before Well postupovo zmenshuvanі to zero value.

Hundred dvadtsyat rokіv to avstrіyskі ekonomіsti (Carl Menger, Böhm-Bawerk Evgenіy i Friedrich von Vіzer) brought, scho in obmezheny termіn, protyagom yakogo relishes Helsinki Human zalishayutsya nezmіnnimi, spozhivachі shaping can win a stіlki Pevnyi produktіv, skіlki zabazhayut stench. Chim bіlshu Quantity Product toil spozhivachі, team less then їh Bazhannya schodo obsession dodatkovih odinits tsogo product itself. Tse mozhna prodemonstruvati on prikladі takoї korisnoї rechі, yak zoshit for Abstracts lektsіy. Require students to zoshitі, Yakscho yogo vіn not Got, Mauger Buti Duzhe digit; Bazhannya mother of another (replacement) zoshit Mensch іntensivne; scho stosuєtsya zoshita Thirdly, you will need to nomu duzhe Slabko. Ekonomіsti driven, scho Mauger Buti Pevnyi require zadovolena odinitsyami (portsіyami) produktіv scho ydut one after odnoyu, vіdpovіdno to law spadnoї granichnoї korisnostі.

Sutnіst granichnoї korisnostі. Pid boundary korisnіstyu rozumіyut dodatkovu korisnіst, abo zadovolennya, oderzhuvane Lyudin s odnієї dodatkovoї odinitsі konkretnoї produktsії. In addition mіru yak Person of spozhivaє all novі portsії one second that same product zrostaє zagalna (psihologіchna) korisnіst, yak Person of otrimuє. Pripustimo, korisnіst scho, yak Person of otrimuє od spozhivannya tієї chi іnshoї rechі can vimіryuvati in abstract odinitsyah korisnostі (OK). For viznachennya "dodatkovoї korisnostі", scho cutaneous її dodaє dodatkova portsіya product vikoristovuyut termіn "boundary korisnіst". Todі Zi spozhivannyam novih portsіy product (div. Table. 2.3) sukupna korisnіst zrostaє all Mensch pace at zv'yazku s tim, scho require the Helsinki Human postupovo nasichuyutsya.

table 2.3

Law spadnoї granichnoї korisnostі

Hoca zagalna korisnіst zrostaє in mіru spozhivannya, tempo zrostannya znizhuyutsya whole hour. Tse to scho a boundary korisnіst product pid hour yogo zbіlshennya spozhivannya postupovo skorochuєtsya.

Stovpets Table 1. 2.3 pokazuє Quantity spozhitogo product stovpets 2 - dinamіku granichnoї korisnostі product. W neї seen scho granichnі korisnostі zmenshuyutsya. Yakscho korisnіst pershoї odinitsі product small 4 OK, then p'yatoї odinitsі - 0. korisnіst shostoї odinitsі Je negatively (vіd'єmnoyu) Won dorіvnyuє -1 OK. Stovpets 3 pokazuє scho sukupna korisnіst spozhitih produktіv zabezpechuєtsya pid hour spozhivannya chotiroh odinits product. When spozhivannі six odinits sukupna korisnіst produktsії absolutely zmenshuєtsya 1 OK.