Politically economical - Krivenko K.T.

21.4. Фінансово-монополістичний капітал. Financial and Monopolistic Capital. Фінансово-монополістична олігархія

The essence of the financial and monopolistic capital. Фінансові group. Фінансова олігархія.

21.4.1. The essence of the financial and monopolistic capital.

Зміни, які відбувалися у spheresі виробництва під впливом concentrіії і centralііціціції каіталу, they fought vіnknennu such processes in the banking sphere. Great corporations pay for loans. Started the process of concentrating the bank's capital. At the boundary of the ХІХ-ХХ century. On зміну звичайним спеціалізованим to banks have come великі банківські corporііїї.

Concentration of a penny in the banks dokorinno zmіnila їх ставище і вплив. Banks have gained access to the values, and often to the virishalnyi miri vlivati ​​on the rectitude of the governor's proclamation of the promises of those other corporations; The stink of the reins were transformed from the rozraunkovo-credit center of the national economy. Bank loan is a priority for you to play an important role in the financing of innovation and the penniless capital investment, without the need for a self-contained property for a seamless admission and development of a virbituttva.

Vodnochas із підвищенням ролі банків у економіці виникають нові формы зв'язків між banks and promises of corporations. At the same time, credit is required to include a system of participants in the capital, a special person, management of the capital for pre-investment, etc. Forms and character of bank loans and promises are the essence of the financial capitals.

Virishalne znachennya moe sistema parti v kapitali - vzasemne volodnnya nefisnansovimi i bankinovskimi korporatsiyami parts of the share capital. To stalk up the bagatostepenovaya system of volodinia with great packages of acrylics, letting you oblyuti sytkoi fіnansovoy zalizhnostі tsіlі spiory ekonomiki.

The network of participants in the system up to the direct zroshchuvannya bank and the oil and corporate corporations - promyslovy, transport, trade, budivelnih tochno. Іноді відбувається directly zlittya great promyslovyh korporatsіy іz lending institutions.

The system of the participants in the capital is supplemented with a special uni ces of bankirions and promises, but on the back of monopolistic capitalism it gained wide popularity. Її naybіlsh an important form є so zvanі "perehresnі direkti", if the representatives of one company enter the directorate of the іnshih, and ті, at his own cherry mаyut predstavnikіv at Pershy.

Між нефінансовими компанімиі і credit organizations віснують стійкі й тривалі ділові зв'язки. Banks of this type of credit establish establish their own cliyntom pizza on pіlgovіh umnah, доpомагають corporііім розпродувати нові випуски цінних паперів.

By the same rank, do you mean the essentiality of the finance-monopolistic capital? R. Hilferding, who was the first person in the economical literature to expand the theory of the financial capital, giving the "Financial Capital" (1910) the name of the yogic day: "Bankovskij kapital, tobto kapital from the grotesque forms, which in this way in the disinflation of the promises in the capitals, I I call finances capital "(div: Hilferding R. Financial Capital: Investigation of the Newest Phase in the Development of Capitalism: Translated from German - M .: Sochekziz, 1959. - P. 301).

In the radial literature literature, the viznachennya sutnostі fіnansovo-monopolisticheskogo kapitalu, dane V. І. Леніним у праці "Імперіалізм, як вища стадія капіталізму": "Фінансовий капітал є банківський капітал монополістично-небагаох найбільших банків, що злилися з капіталом монополістичних союзів промисловців" (див .: Lenin VI Soch. - Т. 22. - С 253). The jodo of quotations, then it is possible to speculate, proto, are the problems of zrozumil.

Otzhe, fіnansovo-monopolіstichny kapіtal - tse bankіvskiy monopolіstichny kapital, schо зрісся з monopolіistichnym kapіtalom nefіnansovyh khaluzey ekonomiki.

21.4.2. Фінансові group.

The basic form of the financial capital is the financial group . Vona is the generality of the financial and non-financial monopolies on the basis of the system of the participant, the special organization, the trivalhal finance of the foreign ministers.

Fіnіnіsі grupi in the private lіteraturі partіsі nazivayut fіnansovo-promyslovіmi grupam (FPG). At the frames of the finance group, the singing of the coordination of the economic efficiency of the applications is possible, but it is not up to it, the bank reconfirmation of the bank deposit, the clarification of the calls is in place. Tsya kotorotsііya reach, the head rank, through the system osobistoї unyi. At Nimecchiny before Pershy svitovoyu vynoynoju 6 great berlinskih banki mali svoїh stavlentsyv on the director's landings in 344 promislovy pidpriemstvah i on the seats of the members of the board 407, and vsogo - in 751 partnerships. In 1932 the river. Up to kerivnyh organovі triokh of the basic berlinskih bankov there were 70 провідних представників промисловості. The goal is to actively participate in the work of the city and coordinate the economic development of the financial community.

Zaraz, for ryznim give, the US існує близико 20, in Japan and the FRN - 6, in Italy - 4, in France - 9 financial groups.