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Politically economical - Krivenko K.T.

Західні дослідники не вживають терміна « фінансова олігархія ». Natomist vikoristovuyatsya so takyo, yak "biznes-elita", "corporate ehlita" tochno. A oskіlki odnієyu s mainly rice Suchasnyj suspіlstva Je yogo sutsіlna komp'yuterizatsіya that іnformatizatsіya then rozglyadayuchi the grupu people yak vplivaє on zgadanі processes, zastosovuyut ponyattya "technostructure" chi "tehnoelіti".

In traditional rozuminnyi elita - tse aristocracy. In Suchasnyj polіtologіchnomu znachennі elіta - tse sukupnіst іndivіdіv, SSMSC Visoko stand in the rankings Vladi chi prestizhnostі, SSMSC zavdyaki svoїm sotsіalno znachuschim yakostyam (pohodzhennya, bagatstvo, dosyagnennya Pevnyi old) zaymayut vischі pozitsії in rіznomanіtnih areas chi sectors suspіlnogo Zhittya, іnkoli to tsogo viznachennya dodayut Important is the clarification: the authority of the people of the world is great, but the stink of vengeance is not less in that sphere, to lie down, but on the life of the susceptibility in the world. Zrozumilo, scho oligarchs do not lie down until in the traditional znachennі, Protect the wow uniquely nalezhat to elit, yak її розуміють політологи.

Існує велика кількість класифікацій елітних груп. In nayzagalnishomu viglyadі mozhna vidiliti three basic klasi eliti: vladnі, tsіnnіsnі, functііonalnі. Останнє підходить для характеристики фінансової олігархії.

Funktsіonalna elіta in ekonomіtsі - tse vplivovі groupies, SSMSC in hodі konkurentsії vidіlyayutsya in rіznomanіtnih areas abo sectors Economy i commit myself vazhlivі funktsії in nіy. Tse відносно відкриті групи, для вступу до яких необхідні пвнні досягнення. Same sudi slid vidnesti oligarhiv u їх класичному розумінні.

Otzhe essence fіnansovoї olіgarhії polyagaє in ekonomіchnomu i polіtichnomu panuvannі nevelikoї groupies fіnansovih magnatіv - naybіlshih vlasnikіv bankіvskih i Promyslova monopolіy. Fіnansova olіgarhіya, privlasnyuyuchi perevazhnu chastku suspіlnogo bagatstva i vplivayuchi fіnansovo on polіtichnu Vlad (peredusіm pid hour Venue of viborchih kampanіy) Pevnyi mіroyu viznachaє vnutrіshnyu that zovnіshnyu polіtiku Kraina. Krіm of fіnansovі olіgarhi nayrozvinutіshih kraїn svitu, Veduchi BIZNES at kraїnah scho Yea Mensch rozvinutimi, poshiryuyut svіy ekonomіchny vpliv i to them.

Олігархія однорідна і диференційована - two basic visions олігархії. The basic form of the financial capital is the finance-monopoly (finance-promyslovi) groups, which historically formed the yak one and the other and the utmost. Olіgarhіya odnorіdna i diferentsіyovana vinikaє in Pochatkova perіod monopolіstichnogo kapіtalіzmu in viglyadі sіmeyno-dinastichnih fіnansovih Group (Rockefeller, Morgan, Dupont, Melloni, Rotshіldi Ford t i. E.). Vony virostali, as a rule, in uniaxial conditions and postopovo oborstali masyu kontrolovanih pidpriemstv. Ostanya obstavana led to penetration in them інших капіталістів і викликала "розмивання", диференціювання фінансових груп. So, the order of the first group of people is vinicaє oligarhіya, scho is a fіnansovo-monopolіstichnі grupi, up to some to leave bankirіі and promіslovtsі pivnogo регіону, пвних spheres діяльності та ін. However, the process of "rozmivannya" from the family groups is not given for visnovkіv about zniknennya fіnansovoї oligarhіїї. The economical nature of one-and-a-half-year-old oligarchs is not to be changed, panuvannia is not about saving money. Mehanizm tsiogo panuvannya ґruntuyatsya in the main on the "system parti" and "especiality of the uni".

Іsnuyut takozh INSHI FORMS panuvannya fіnansovih Group (tehnіchne obslugovuvannya "storonnіmi" fіrmami, ukladannya s cartel to please them toscho), scho zaluchayut rіznomanіtnі fіrmi to spherical vplivu Svoge.

Realії Zhittya in Ukraїnі that Russie dozvolyayut govorito about the basis tlumachennya ponyattya "olіgarhіya" (oskіlki vono not vіdpovіdaє klasichnomu rozumіnnyu tsogo termіna then dorechno nadalі vzhivati ​​yogo in legs). Yaksho democraty At the time to wear the character of pluralistic system, then on the post-disaster space you can talk about the corporate chi clan system.

The basis of the pluralistic system is the one about those who are supercharged by the group of people who are not looking at the sight, but the breeder is chaotic to the plutanin, and the process of tying the balance to the balance of the political forces. In the result, form social harmony. Між groups of people confronted with the drive of specific political and economical values, and not by means of all systems in the world. Існування пвних правил цивілізованої гри горжує високий рівень соціальної інтеграції. The polity of the state is rooted in the result of the democratic process of integration in the usih cich groups. Politicians, bureaucrats and administrators in the Ідиній systemі взаємопідлеглості і взаємозалежності. Політика dictate умо "підлеглій" бюрократії як елементу політичних інститутів, але зажиться від підприємців тією мірою, каккою вони забезпечуть її фінансову підтримку. Pідприємці at his chervonu do not waste to the sphere of direct vplyvu polityki, ale perebuvayut beside zalizhnostі vіd bureaucratі, yaka daє sanktsії na dіyalnіst підприємств.

Taka tsіlіsna sistem pevnoyu mіroju vіdobražaє іdеdіlі democratіno organіzovanі podavnіnnіtі іnteresіv. Наскільки ж такий ідеал відповідає нашій системі? In Ukraine, three zgadanyh component zlit in one cile. It can not be done by a person, not by direct unmediated access to financial flows. Uncompatibly take up a great business without gliboko specialties of "polichnichnyh resources." This is the situation when the theories of corporate (clan) democrats are being built. It is advisable to not organize the organization of groups, yakі mait tentaciju up to a monopolistic representation of its own interests. Вільна і рівна конкуренція відносно цього вітсутня. Monopoly groups - the clan - to lead the post-war struggle for access to sovereign resources, zastosovuchi with the whole method can be ignored, be it the rules of the gr. Tso borotba moe not ekonomichniy (vikoristania zakobiv rinku ta rivalry), and jakravo vyrazheny siloviy character (zastosuvannya adminictistrivnyh, podatkovich, pravochoronnikh i kriminalnyh structures).

The structure of clans in the following way:

1) rows of prac- tices of enforcement agencies and organizations, to enter the warehouse of the group;

2) admіnіstratsіya of companies that organіzatsіy, yak vplivaє on ordinary pratsіvnikіv not deprivation Sotho ekonomіchnimi methods (yak is regulyuvannya rozmіru zarobіtnoї pay), and the second іnshimi, blizkimi to krimіnalnih, means (shook, Vice abo Well navpaki nadannya mozhlivostі "zaroblyati" on robochem mіstsі , Zvichayno z vidrahuvannyam nedvogo percent "nagoru");

3) holding, a great bank, a corporation, on which to stand the proper gentlemen of the group;

4) korumpovanі Elements, SSMSC lobіyuyut Interests groupies in zakonodavchih, vikonavchih, ship bodies derzhavnoї Vladi and takozh zasobi masovoї Informácie scho Yea strong resource in borotbі іz supernikom, Shlyakhov formuvannya negativnoї pillows suspіlstva about Demba i pozitivnoї - about yourself.

Ocholyayut cling "oligarkhi." Nimi, yak respect specials, became eks-nomenklaturniki, partpratsіvniki і komsomol'skі lіderi, mafіya, rіschno rіdshe professionaly-gospodniki, yakі viyshli "z nizіv."

Майбутнє "олігархії" може розвиватися за однією з двох основних альтернатив, звичайно, разм з наявністю великоі кількості варіантів.

For prodovzhennya corporate shlyah rozvitku yogo napeesimistichnichi varianti power can simply pererotvoritsya to authoritarian, if the owner is poorly small group of "vibrant". Todi mi turn to oligarhії in that znachennі, in yakomu її rozumіv Aristotel.

In bіlsh optimіstichnomu varіantі Corporate Way rozvitku brought Perche for all order - chіtku structure upravlіnskih organіv in vsіh areas sotsіalnogo Zhittya, chіtkіst i have odnomanіtnіst provedennі polіtichnoї lіnії powers on vsіh rіvnyah funktsіonuvannya Vladi, konsolіdatsіyu suspіlstva on osnovі sotsіalnogo partnership. In addition, the role of the power in the economy is to be pursued, as long as economical policy is pursued. Prote, on the side of the side, the role of the Suspilnye Ob'ednan and the Allies will be undermined, the stink of re-firing at the checkpoint of the state power, and not in the control of the state organs.

Yaksho and kraine viber take pluralistic democrats, then "oligarchia" znikne yakishche, and "oligarkhy" become an unequivocal subject of a healthy competitive rink economy. The word itself is to spend that negative zmist, which is at once to be contributed, and vice versa vzhivatimutsya termi ni kstalt zahіdnih - biznes-, tehnoichi fіnansova elіta.