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Polіtichna ekonomіya - Krivenko KT

6. ROZDІL SVІTOVE Gospodarstwa the I MІZHNARODNІ EKONOMІCHNІ VІDNOSINI

Subject 25. SVІTOVE Gospodarstwa

25.1. Svіtove Gospodarstwa: sutnіst that structure

Sutnіst svіtovogo Gospodarstwa that vіhi yogo rozvitku. Klasifіkatsіya group kraїn svіtovogo Gospodarstwa.

25.1.1. Sutnіst svіtovogo Gospodarstwa that vіhi yogo rozvitku.

Pochinayuchi vivchati svіtovu ekonomіku, neobhіdno z'yasuvati, scho Tsei oznachaє termіn i chomu OAO All Kraina toil ekonomіchnі zv'yazki one s odnoyu, yakih Forms carols tsі zv'yazki yak i stink at vplivayut natsіonalnu ekonomіku Yakimov rank mozhna klasifіkuvati Kraina svitu for GROUP . Same CIM power i prisvyachena given topic.

Svіtove Gospodarstwa - tse sukupnіst natsіonalnih Gospodarstwa, SSMSC take fate in mіzhnarodnomu podіlі pratsі i pov'yazanі mіzh him mіzhnarodnih ekonomіchnih vіdnosin system. Vono yavlyaє themselves of global ekonomіchny organіzm Where Money Does sklalisya zrostayut vzaєmozv'yazok i i i vzaєmozalezhnіst usіh kraїn narodіv svitu.

Svіtove Gospodarstwa іstorichnoyu Yea i polіtekonomіchnoyu kategorієyu. Poyasnyuєtsya Tse note scho cutaneous specific іstorichnomu Etap yogo rozvitku pritamannі pevnі scale i rіven virobnitstva, іnternatsіonalіzatsіya gospodarskogo Zhittya i sotsіalno-Ekonomichna structure.

Svіtove Gospodarstwa Pocha formuvatis dosit long time against residual yak tsіlіsna system sklalosya blizko hundred rokіv addition to rubezhі XIX-XX centuries. Basics yogo postupovogo formuvannya becoming mіzhnarodny rinok, utvorennya yakogo vіdbuvalosya poetapno in XI-XVIII century, and especially іntensivno -.. S the middle of the XIX century, if in kraїnah Sunset domіnuyuchim staє virobnitstvo machines.

Main vіhami in rozvitku svіtovogo Gospodarstwa Je:

viniknennya mіzhnarodnih monopolіy, SSMSC podіlili mіzh him svіtovі markets Agricultural Art zbutu, dzherela sirovini i spherical prikladannya kapіtalu. The result became ekonomіchny rozpodіl svitu;

teritorіalny podіl svitu great powers i utvorennya velicheznih kolonіalnih іmperіy. Sformuvavsya kolonіalny podіl pratsі, viznachalnoyu osoblivіstyu yakogo was nav'yazuvannya fallow peoples takoї virobnichoї spetsіalіzatsії, yak vіdpovіdaє require kapіtalu metropolіy;

viniknennya sotsіalіstichnoї system scho prizvelo to rozkolu єdinogo svіtovogo Gospodarstwa i poklal cob protistoyannyu dvoh sotsіalno-ekonomіchnih systems.

Pіslya Druha svіtovoї vіyni pochavsya processes yakіsnoї zmіni Sistemi svіtovogo Gospodarstwa. Vіn in the main zavershivsya in 1960 pp., If passed in pіshla kolonіalna system i on svіtovіy arenі z'yavivsya numerical number of young Square powers.

Three ostannіh desyatirіchchya twentieth century. vvazhayutsya spadix new perіodu in rozvitku Suchasnyj svіtovogo Gospodarstwa. Vono all bіlshe nabuvaє Find our tsіlіsnostі scho obumovleno dієyu Pevnyi faktorіv. According au-Perche, pragnennyam narodіv svitu vizhiti in the minds naroschuvannya yadernoї zbroї i zagrozi mozhlivoї yadernoї vіyni scho sponukaє powers provoditi polіtiku spіvіsnuvannya peace. Alternatively, rozgortannyam NAUKOVO-tehnіchnoї revolyutsії. Ninі zhodna Krajina svitu not Mauger samostіyno vikoristati OAO All dosyagnennya suchasnoї science i tehnіki, that stench povinnі ob'єdnuvati svoї zusillya in tsіy sferі. In tretє, pogliblennyam that poshirennyam іnternatsіonalіzatsії virobnitstva th obіgu, vsogo ekonomіchnogo i spiritual Zhittya. In the fourth, neobhіdnіstyu ob'єdnannya zusil kraїn virіshennya for global problems (ekologіchnih, sirovinnih, prodovolchih, osvoєnnya bagatstv svіtovogo i ocean space that іn.) Need to have vzaєmnіy dopomozі in ekstremalnih situatsіyah (zemletrusi, yadernі avarії toscho).

Tsei processes proyavlyaє currently have funktsіonuvannі directly zv'yazkіv mіzh pіdpriєmstvami, ob'єdnannyami have pogliblennі protsesіv spetsіalіzatsії that kooperuvannya virobnitstva, stvorennі mіzhnarodnih gospodarskih organіzatsіy, tovaristv, spіlnih toscho of companies.
Suchasnyj Etap rozvitku svіtovogo Gospodarstwa is staying vplivom faktorіv pid scho nadayut Yomou dinamіzmu temple. Up there, in the Perche Cherga, nalezhat: STR, INCREASING vzaєmozalezhnіst natsіonalnih Gospodarstwa radically perebudova sotsіalno-ekonomіchnih vіdnosin in kolishnomu sotsіalіstichnomu taborі.

Perіod pp 1980-90. harakterizuєtsya nasampered tim, scho for naybіlsh rozvinutih kraїn vіn becoming hour shift in Yeru postіndustrіalіzatsії for bagatoh slaborozvinutih kraїn - active podolannya Svoge vіdstavannya (China i novі іndustrіalnі Kraina), for kolishnіh sotsіalіstichnih kraїn - Povernennya to modelі rinkovoї Economy, and for vsіh kraїn in tsіlomu - lіberalіzatsії vnutrіshnogo i zovnіshnogo Zhittya that yogo globalіzatsії.

Svіtove Gospodarstwa nalezhit to the number of folding systems, scho harakterizuyutsya great kіlkіstyu warehouses elementіv that rіvnіv, ієrarhієyu, strukturovanіstyu. So, zokrema, Ekonomichna mogutnіst rozpodіlyaєtsya in svіtі duzhe nerіvnomіrno. Three powers - the United States, Yaponіya, Zittau (of 9% of the population) akumulyuyut 1/2 svіtovogo income їm nalezhit 1/3 kupіvelnoї spromozhnostі vsіh kraїn svitu.

Sub'єktami svіtovogo Gospodarstwa Je TNCs natsіonalnі Gospodarstwa, mіzhnarodnі organіzatsії, mіzhnarodnі іntegratsіynі ob'єdnannya, SSMSC in its Cherga TER Je systems.

Some of the elements Vіdnosini mіzh okremimi svіtovogo Gospodarstwa utvoryuyut yogo rіvnі. So, vіdnosini mіzh powers skladayut mіzhnarodny rіven, yaky regulyuєtsya mіzhnarodnimi rules, regulations. Vіdnosini potokіv scho vihodyat for mezhі natsіonalnih kordonіv, utvoryuyut transnatsіonalny rіven - sphere dіyalnostі fіrm group i s їh vnutrіshnіmi Informácie systems.

Basic System svіtovogo Gospodarstwa Je mіzhnarodne that obmezhene framework okremih powers natsіonalne virobnitstvo materіalnih i spiritual benefit, їh rozpodіl, obmіn i spozhivannya.

Svіtova ekonomіka system yak Got spіlnu Meta - її funktsіonuvannya spryamovane on zadovolennya lyudskih applicable (popitu) ale in rіznih pіdsistemah tsya meta modifіkuєtsya for rіznih sotsіalno-ekonomіchnih minds.